APR 141928 
TRANSACTIONS 
OF THE 
SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Volume V, No. 10, pp. 95-182, plates 9 21 
NOTES ON THE VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR 
FORMATIONS OF THE CALIFORNIA MIOCENE 
WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES 
BY 
LIONEL WILLIAM WIEDEY 
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 
Printed for the Society 
March 31, 1928 
COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION 
U. S. GRANT IV, Chairman 
Fred Baker Clinton G. Abbott, Editor 
NOTES ON THE VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR 
FORMATIONS OF THE CALIFORNIA MIOCENE WITH 
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES 
By Lionel William Wiedey 
INTRODUCTION 
In the pursuance of field studies by the writer on the paleonto- 
logic and stratigraphic relations of the Vaqueros and Temblor forma- 
tions of the lower and middle Miocene, respectively, to adjoining 
formations in California, extensive collections of molluscan fossils 
from both were carefully observed and examined. 
The chief result of this study, here presented, is that, even though 
the Temblor formation has had its fauna described in some detail by 
Frank M. Anderson, Ralph Arnold, and others, several new species 
have been discovered. The fauna of the Vaqueros, in contrast to that 
of the Temblor, has been less adequately and more scatteringly de- 
scribed by Ralph Arnold and others. Both Conrad and Gabb had 
described, as well, fossils from both of the formations considered, 
but without reference to formation and, only in general, to horizon. 
No attempt is here made to monograph the faunas of either of 
these formations, but, rather, to describe the new species which have 
been secured in the course of such field work as has been thus far 
completed. All of the material studied has been collected from widely 
scattered localities in the state south of the San Francisco Bay region, 
as far south as San Diego County, and represents, principally, collec- 
tions made during the summer of 1927. The collections at Leland 
Stanford Junior University bearing upon the present study have been 
considered. In addition, a collection of Temblor material from the 
Santa Monica Mountains of southern California at the University of 
California at Los Angeles has been made accessible for study. Types 
and such other forms as were pertinent to the study and which were 
available have been compared by the writer. 
The principal collections studied were made by the writer. Some 
of the Temblor material was collected by Mr. Merrill E. Lake, 
geologist for the Richfield Oil Company at Fellows, California. A 
few specimens were collected by the Stanford summer field geology 
class from the Vaqueros of the Santa Paula and Ventura quadrangles 
of Ventura County and from the San Juan Bautista quadrangle of 
98 San Diego Society of Natural History 
San Benito County, both of this state. A few additional fossils were 
collected by other geologists. 
The intention of the writer in the present paper is to record the 
additional information which has been secured concerning the faunas 
of the two formations here considered, and to present a list of the 
commonly associated forms with the new species at their respective 
localities. 
The writer wishes to express appreciation for the helpful sugges- 
tions and constructive criticisms received from Dr. James Perrin 
Smith and Dr. Hubert G. Schenck, both of the Department of 
Geology of Leland Stanford Junior University, in the preparation of 
this manuscript ; for the courtesy extended and the aid given by 
Mr. Merrill E. Lake to the writer while in the vicinity of the southern 
San Joaquin Valley, and for the assistance given in the comparison 
of the fossil with the living forms by Mrs. I. S. Oldroyd, Curator of 
the Conchological Museum of Leland Stanford Junior University, 
deep gratitude is felt. Indebtedness to Mr. William Kleinpell and 
Mr. B. F. Hake for permission to name and figure a new and inter- 
esting form collected by them is also expressed. To my colleagues, 
Mr. U. S. Grant and Mr. H. R. Gale, for their patient indulgence at 
all times much credit is due. 
HISTORICAL REVIEW 
THE VAQUEROS FORMATION 
The Vaqueros formation derived its formational name from the 
occurrence of a series of sandstones of marine origin which are well 
developed and exposed on Vaqueros Creek, about five miles west of 
Greenfield, a small town in the Salinas Valley, California. Homer 
Hamlin 1 observed that this series of beds immediately underlies the 
Monterey shale and overlies the "basement complex," which, in the 
canyon of the type section, is a granite. Because of the unnamed 
occurrence of beds in the stratigraphic position in which he discov- 
ered these, he proposed that the name Vaquero be used for the 
formation. 
Fairbanks, by communication with Hamlin, learned of the latter's 
1 Hamlin, Homer, Water Resources of the Salinas Valley, U.S. Geological 
Survey Water Supply Paper, No. 89, p. 14, 1904. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 99 
intention to name these beds, and upon finding in his work on the 
geology of the San Luis Obispo region, 2 about eighty miles to the 
south of the Vaqueros Canyon section, a series of beds in the same 
apparent stratigraphic position, and of similar lithologic character, 
proposed, also, that the name be adopted. Consequently, Fairbanks 
has been accredited with having named the formation, since it has 
been commonly accepted that he antedated Hamlin in print on the 
subject in question. On the other hand, Miss Grace Wilmarth, 3 sec- 
retary to the Committee on Nomenclature of the United States Geo- 
logical Survey, informs the writer that both Hamlin's and Fairbanks' 
papers were completed and delivered simultaneously by the press on 
June 20, 1904. 4 Apparently the honor of having named the Vaqueros 
has been improperly assigned and must, as a result, be attributed 
to Hamlin. 
It may be noted, however, that the name chosen by both Hamlin 
and Fairbanks was Vaquero, not Vaqueros. The Committee on 
Nomenclature of the United States Geological Survey, the year fol- 
lowing the printing of the papers by Hamlin and Fairbanks, upon 
finding that the canyon of the type section was improperly printed 
as "Vaquero" on current maps (a fact which introduced the error in 
name), formally decided that Vaqueros should be used. It has been 
consistently used by the national survey since that time. 
Neither Hamlin nor Fairbanks discussed the fauna of the Va- 
queros. But just prior to the formal naming of the formation, J. C. 
Merriam 5 published a short foresighted paper treating of the fauna 
of the lower Miocene formations, so far as then known, with their 
relationships, though at that time they remained undifferentiated as 
stratigraphic units. He displayed foresight in recognizing that time, 
not ecologic differences, characterize the two faunas. 
2 Fairbanks, H. W., San Luis Obispo Folio, U.S. Geological Survey, Geo- 
logical Atlas, No. 101, p. 3, 1904. 
3 By written communication, May of 1927. 
4 Merriam. John C. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 
N.S., Vol. 22, Part 3, p. IS, footnote 4, 1915, indicates what are probably 
the dates on which the actual printing of the publications was completed, 
not official dates of publications recognized by the U.S. Geological Survey, 
which accepts June 20, 1904, for both Hamlin's and Fairbanks' papers. 
5 Merriam, John C., Notes on the Fauna of the Lower Miocene in California, 
University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 3, No. 16, p. 377, 1904. 
100 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Later, Ralph Arnold 6 described a few species from the Vaqueros 
of the Santa Clara Valley of the south. This paper was closely fol- 
lowed by one in which Arnold 7 described a fauna from the Vaqueros 
formation of the Santa Cruz Mountains on the San Francisco penin- 
sula, about ninety miles north of the type section, after both Hamlin 
and Fairbanks had given faunal lists to characterize the Vaqueros 
strata in their papers. Conrad 8 and Gabb 9 in various publications had 
already described, from among collections coming under their obser- 
vations, many Miocene forms, some of which by the work of Arnold 
and others proved to be species occurring in the Vaqueros. 
Another part of the state where sedimentary beds of Vaqueros 
age outcrop is in the vicinity of Santa Maria in Santa Barbara 
County. Ralph Arnold and Robert VanV. Anderson 10 mapped these 
in their report on that region. Shortly later, Arnold 11 described the 
new species from the Vaqueros of the Santa Maria region, as well as 
from the Vaqueros of the Santa Lucia Mountain region, which is 
about twenty-five miles south of the type section of the formation. 
Personal investigation by the writer in the general vicinity of the type 
section of the Vaqueros demonstrates that the faunas described by 
Arnold may be correlated with the fauna of the Vaqueros at the 
type section. 
Between the gap of the published reports cited and compara- 
6 Arnold. Ralph, New and Characteristic Species of Fossil Mollusks from 
the Oil-Bearing Tertiary Formations of Southern California, Proceedings 
of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 32, p. 525, 1907. 
7 Arnold, Ralph, Descriptions of New Cretaceous and Tertiary Fossils from 
the Santa Cruz Mountains, California, Proceedings of the U.S. National 
Museum, Vol. 34, p. 349, 1904. 
s Conrad, T. A., Pacific Railroad Reports, Vols. 5, 6, 7, 1856, 1857, 1857, re- 
spectively. 
9 Gabb, W. M., Geological Survey of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, 1869. 
10 Arnold, Ralph, and Anderson, Robert VanV., Geology and Oil Re- 
sources of the Santa Maria Oil District, Santa Barbara County, California, 
U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 322, 1907. 
11 Arnold, Ralph, New and Characteristic Species of Fossil Mollusks from 
the Oil-Bearing Tertiary Formations of Santa Barbara County, California, 
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, Vol. 50, Publication No. 1780, p. 419, 
1907. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 101 
tively recent work are two papers by John C. Merriam 12 and J. P. 
Smith. 18 The former discussed the correlation of certain Miocene 
deposits of the San Joaquin Valley upon the basis of vertebrate 
faunas. Professor Smith summarized the extant knowledge of the 
ecologic and faunal characteristics of the Vacpieros formation, and 
pointed out that tropical or subtropical temperatures of the sea pre- 
vailed. Considerably later Kew" mapped extensive outcrops of the 
formation in the Santa Monica Mountains and on South Mountain 
of Los Angeles and Ventura Counties, respectively, which he found 
generally occurring conformably immediately above the Sespe 15 for- 
mation. Wood ford, " ; working in southern Orange County along the 
coast, mapped a series of sandstones which he correlated with the 
Vaqueros. Kerr and Schenck 17 mapped and discussed the occurrence 
of the Yaqueros in the central part of California in the San Juan 
Bautista quadrangle. English. 1 * shortly after, in the Santa Ana 
Mountains of Orange County, cited the Vaqueros as well developed. 
12 Merriam, John C, Tertiary Vertebrate Faunas of the North Coalinga 
Region of California, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 
N.S., Vol. 22, Part 3, 1915. 
13 Smith, James Perrin, Climatic Relations of the Tertiary and Quaternary 
Faunas of the California Region, Proceedings of the California Academy of 
Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 9, No. 4, p. 160, 1919. 
14 Kew, W. S. W., Geology and Oil Resources of a Part of L<>s Angeles and 
Ventura Counties, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 753, 1924. 
15 The Sespe formation was named by W. L. Watts, California State Mining 
Bureau Publications, Bulletin No. 11, p. 25, 1897, with the type locality in 
the Sespe district, Ventura County, California. The Sespe formation is a 
unique "red bed" series of over three thousand feet in thickness, made up of 
sandstones and shales of apparently fresh-water deposition. The formation, 
which occurs only along the coastal section of the southern part of Cali- 
fornia, is probably of upper Oligocene or lower Miocene age. 
Ifi Woodford, A. O., The San Onofre Breccia, Its Nature and Origin, Univer- 
sity of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological 
Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 7, p. 178, 1925. 
17 Kerr, P. F., and Schenck, H. G., Active Thrust-Faults in San Benito 
County, California, Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, Vol. 36, 
p. 465, 1925. 
18 English, W. A., Geology and Oil Resources of Puente Hills Region, South- 
ern California, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 768, 1926. 
102 San Diego Society of Natural History 
In a late paper Hertlein and Jordan 19 record and describe a few fossil 
species possibly of Vaqueros age from the Miocene of Lower Cali- 
fornia. The stratigraphic relations of the Vaqueros formation of the 
Ventura and the Santa Paula quadrangles of Ventura County will 
appear in a forthcoming paper by Kerr and Schenck. 
THE TEMBLOR FORMATION 
The Temblor formation received its formational name from 
the occurrence of a series of sandstones found stratigraphically be- 
low the Monterey shale at Canara Springs and at Temblor, both on 
the western side of the San Joaquin Valley, on the eastern slopes of 
the Mount Diablo Range north of Coalinga, Fresno County, Califor- 
nia. It was named by Frank M. Anderson. 20 It has since been found 
to be quite widespread over the southern part of California and its 
marine correlative is known from Oregon 21 and Washington. 22 
It may be noted that, although F. M. Anderson 23 described from 
the Miocene twenty-four new species, listing in addition, under his 
descriptions of new species, four previously named forms, at least 
twenty were found by him only at the Kern River Miocene locality, 
Kern County ; four only at Coalinga, Fresno County ; one only at La 
Panza, San Luis Obispo County ; with but two only at the type 
section of the Temblor. But two typically Miocene species were 
found to be common to the Kern River beds and the type Temblor, 
which he correlated. It is unfortunate that we must look to the 
19 Hertlein, L. G. and Jordan, E. K., Paleontology of the Miocene of Lower 
California, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., 
Vol. 16, No. 19, 1927. 
20 Anderson, F. M., Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo Range of Cali- 
fornia, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3d ser., Vol. 2, 
No. 2, p. 170, 1905. 
-' l Howe, Henry V., Astoria: Mid-Tertic Type of Pacific Coast, Pan-American 
Geologist, Vol. 45, No. 4, p. 295, 1926. 
Schenck, H. G., Marine Oligocene of Oregon, University of California Pub- 
lications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 12, 
p. 456, 1927. 
22 Palmer, R. H, Geology and Petroleum Possibilities of the Olympic Penin- 
sula, Washington, Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum 
Geologists, Vol. 11, No. 12, p. 1321, 1927. 
23 Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo Range of California, as previously 
cited. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 103 
Kern River Miocene for a typical Temblor fauna, which formation 
apparently occupies a similar stratigraphic position with the type 
Temblor. 
A few years later Ralph Arnold 24 described from the Santa 
Monica Mountains of Los Angeles County a few new Temblor 
species. In addition to Anderson's and Arnold's new species, Con- 
rad 25 and Gabb 26 had already years previously described numerous 
Miocene forms now known to occur in the Temblor. Ralph Arnold 27 
in his report on the paleontology of the Coalinga district described 
additional new Tertiary species, among which were many forms 
which he erroneously considered to be of Vaqueros age, but which 
are now known to be of the Temblor formation. 
Subsequent papers deal with the occurrences, faunas, and eco- 
logic conditions of the Temblor. Among these is a paper by F. M. 
Anderson and Bruce Martin 28 in which many new species, chiefly 
from the Temblor formation in the Temblor Basin of Kern County, 
were described. A year later John C. Merriam 29 discussed the inter- 
regional correlation of the California Miocene of the San Joaquin 
Valley upon the basis of mammalian remains, some of which came 
from the Temblor formation. He dated the Temblor as middle Mio- 
cene in age. 
In the southern part of the state Kew 30 mapped the widespread 
extent of the Temblor in the Santa Monica Mountains of Los Angeles 
24 Arnold, Ralph, New and Characteristic Species of Fossil Mollusks from 
the Oil-Bearing Tertiary Formations of Southern California, Proceedings 
of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 32, p. 525, 1907. 
25 Conrad, T. A., Pacific Railroad Reports, Vols. 5, 6, 7, 1856, 1857, 1857, re- 
spectively. 
26 Gabb, W. M., Geological Survey of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, 1869. 
27 Arnold, Ralph, Paleontology of the Coalinga District, Fresno and Kings 
Counties, California, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 396, 1909. 
28 Anderson, F. M., and Martin, Bruce, Neocene Record in the Temblor 
Basin, California, and Neocene Deposits of the San Juan District, San Luis 
Obispo County, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th 
ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, 1914. 
29 Merriam, John C, Tertiary Vertebrate Faunas of the North Coalinga 
Region of California, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 
N.S., Vol. 22, Part 3, 1915. 
:i0 Kew, W. S. W., Geology and Oil Resources of a Part of Los Angeles and 
Ventura Counties, California, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 753, 1924. 
104 San Diego Society of Natural History 
County from which he listed a comparatively large fauna. The local 
name "Topanga" was applied to this formation instead of the name 
Temblor, the formation with which it may be correlated. This was 
done, as Kew declared, "as the greatest exposure of the series of 
strata described above within the region covered by this report is in 
the vicinity of Topanga Canyon, and as the fauna characterizing it 
has been for a number of years known as the 'Topanga Canyon 
fauna,' the local name Topanga formation is here adopted for it." 31 
However, since it occupies a stratigraphic position apparently identi- 
cal with the Temblor formation of the type section, and since it 
carries a fauna typical of the Temblor, the name "Topanga" may 
best be dropped and the name Temblor, which was given twenty 
years before, retained, because there can be little doubt that the 
Topanga and Temblor represent contemporaneous deposition. 
Still further south, Woodford 32 described the occurrence of the 
Temblor in Orange County and established an interesting facies of 
the Temblor formation. In this paper was listed the fauna of the 
Temblor from that part of the state. English, 33 - shortly later, mapped 
a considerable extent of the Temblor in the Santa Ana Mountains of 
Orange County, for which he used the name applied by Kew, that of 
Topanga, and appended a faunal list as determined by Dickerson. 34 
Finally, in a recent paper, Hertlein and Jordan 35 listed the species 
collected from the Miocene of Lower California and described the 
new forms, some of which they recognized as representatives of the 
Temblor. 
That the Vaqueros and Temblor formations are both characterized 
by the common occurrence in each of Turritella inezana Conrad and 
31 Kew, W. S. W., ibid., p. 48. 
32 Woodford. A. O., The San Onofre Breccia, Its Nature and Origin, Univer- 
sity of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geological 
Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 7, p. 180, 1925. 
33 English, W. A., Geology and Oil Resources of Puente Hills Region, South- 
ern California, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 768, 1926. 
31 Dickerson, R. E., The Martinez and Tejon Eocene and Associated Forma- 
tions of the Santa Ana Mountains, University of California Publications, 
Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 8, p. 269, 1914. 
35 Hertlein, L. G., and Jordan, E. K., Paleontology of the Miocene of Lower 
California, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., 
Vol. 16, No. 19, 1927. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OV THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 105 
Turritella o coy ana Conrad, respectively, was recognized at an early 
date. For a long time they were referred in the literature as zones, 
and named for the distinctive fossil species. These species, which are 
regarded as index fossils, have never been reported as occurring 
together and serve as one means of distinguishing the Vaqueros from 
the Temblor beds. 
On the other hand, F. M. Anderson, in his joint paper with 
Bruce Martin, declared that "it has yet to be shown that the so-called 
Vaqueros beds of the Salinas Valley are older in time than the 
Temblor deposits at the base of the Miocene within the Great Val- 
ley." 36 Since that time, by careful paleontologic and stratigraphic 
work, the Vaqueros has been shown to possess a very distinctive 
fauna of a more tropical nature than that of the Temblor and to 
occupy a lower position in the Tertiary column of California than the 
latter. The Vaqueros has been found to underlie the Temblor in 
various parts of the state. Kerr and Schenck 37 mapped an area in 
Ventura County where the Vaqueros underlies the Temblor and over- 
lies the Sespe. Kew 38 has recently mapped a conformable sequence 
of fossiliferous strata on Santa Rosa Island, one of the Santa Bar- 
bara channel group, in which both the Vaqueros and the Temblor 
faunas were represented, separated by a considerable thickness of 
strata. Hertlein 39 has also mapped the occurrence and studied the 
faunas of this conformable sequence of Vaqueros and Temblor 
strata on Santa Rosa Island, as well as on San Miguel Island of the 
same channel group. Elsewhere in California several cases have been 
noted where an unconformity apparently marks the separation be- 
tween the Vaqueros and Temblor formations. 40 
36 Anderson, F. M., and Martin, Bruce, Neocene Record in the Temblor 
Basin, California, and Neocene Deposits of the San Juan District, San Luis 
Obispo County, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th 
ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 20, 1914. 
37 In a manuscript soon to be published. 
38 Kew, W. S. W., Geologic Sketch of Santa Rosa Island, Oil Bulletin, Vol. 13, 
No. 12, p. 1257, 1927. Los Angeles, California. 
39 Verbal communication from the results of study now in manuscript, soon to 
appear in the Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 
40 Kew, W. S. W., Geology and Oil Resources of a Part of Los Angeles and 
Ventura Counties, California, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 753, 
p. 47, 1924. 
106 San Diego Society of Natural History 
R. D. Reed 41 has declared that minerals derived from the Fran- 
ciscan schists are absent from the Vaqueros but present in the over- 
lying Temblor, a relation which he believed to hold in other areas. 
This fact had been noted some time before by A. O. Woodford 42 to 
be characteristic of the Vaqueros- and Temblor. He noted also that a 
separation of the two formations might alone be made upon the basis 
of the pebbles of which they were in part composed, since neither 
contained a single rock common to the other. Another conformable 
sequence of Vaqueros overlain by Temblor has been described to the 
writer by W. S. W. Kew as occurring along the coast at the north- 
west end of the Santa Monica Mountains, twelve miles southeast of 
Hueneme, Ventura County, California. Many cases are known where 
the Vaqueros sandstones are immediately overlain by a diatomaceous 
shale series, recognized generally as Monterey shale, as for example 
at the type section of the Vaqueros in Vaqueros Canyon, Monterey 
County. In such instances the lower part of the shale series, at least, 
is to be correlated with the Temblor both by virtue of its stratigraphic 
position and its meager megascopic fauna where it has been found. 
As a consequence, it has now become universally accepted that the 
two formations are separate and distinct, faunally and stratigraphi- 
cally characterized. 
Some have believed the Vaqueros and the Temblor formations to 
be of the same age, others as of different ages. Little question re- 
mains that the Vaqueros is the older, having been commonly found 
underlying the Temblor, possibly unconformably, with a much dif- 
ferent fauna of more tropical affinities than that of the younger 
formation. The faunas clearly indicate that they are the products 
of time difference, not of ecologic response. The relative strati- 
graphic positions of the two formations, together with their respective 
faunas, preclude the possibility of their being homotaxial. Some oth- 
ers have believed the two formations to be different facies of the 
same unit. It seems as if the Temblor were a facies of the Monterey 
formation, rather than as if the Vaqueros were a facies either of the 
Monterey or the Temblor. The Vaqueros has been found below the 
Monterey shale in many parts of the state, but as a distinctive sand- 
41 Reed, R. D., Researches in Sedimentation in 1926-27, Report of the Com- 
mittee on Sedimentation, published by the National Research Council, Wash- 
ington, D.C., p. 77, 1927. 
42 Woodford, A. O., op. cit., p. 180, 1925. 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 107 
stone formation. On the other hand/the Temblor, if it is not found 
as an intervening sandstone member between the Vaqueros and the 
Monterey shale, is representd by part of the latter formation which 
has in some cases been found to contain a few representatives of the 
Temblor fauna. Further evidence indicating time differences in the 
ages of the Vaqueros and the Temblor formations is being studied 
by the writer and will be presented in a later paper. 
Nearly all who have studied the Vaqueros and the Temblor, even 
from the earliest time, have been in general agreement as to the ages 
of the formations. The best evidence supporting the interregional 
correlation of the Temblor was presented and discussed by Merriam 43 
in a paper in which the occurrence of certain land mammals in the 
Temblor of the west side of the San Joaquin Valley has been the 
basis of dating that formation as probably not older than middle 
Miocene. Kellogg 44 in a late paper has made use of marine mammals 
to correlate the Temblor formation with the Helvetian of Europe, 
of middle Miocene age. If, then, the Vaqueros underlies the Temblor, 
possibly unconformably, it must occupy a position in the lower Mio- 
cene. Vertebrates recently collected from what was considered to be 
the uppermost part of the Sespe formation, conformably immediately 
underlying fossiliferous marine Vaqueros, in Ventura County, have 
been identified with lower Miocene types. 
By way of review, it may be said that on the whole the fauna 
of the Temblor formation is somewhat better known and more fully 
described than that of the Vaqueros formation. The faunas of both 
present warm-water aspects in their assemblages of genera. While 
the fauna of the upper Oligocene, immediately preceding the lower 
Miocene, was predominantly cool-water in nature, the fauna of the 
Vaqueros indicates an invasion of many truly tropical genera. The 
fauna of the middle Miocene, the Temblor, on the other hand, indi- 
cates somewhat cooler conditions, more of a warm temperate type, 
than those of the preceding age, the Vaqueros. 
43 Merriam, John C, Tertiary Vertebrate Faunas of the North Coalinga 
Region of California, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 
N.S., Vol. 22, Part 3, 1915. 
44 Kellogg, Remington, Study of the Skull of a Fossil Sperm-Whale from 
the Temblor Miocene of Southern California, Carnegie Institute of Wash- 
ington, Publication No. 346, p. 5, 1927. 
108 San Diego Society of Natural History 
REFERENCES 
A list of some of the more important publications bearing upon the present 
paper, to which the reader may have occasion to refer and which thus far 
have not been noted in the text, follow : 
Anderson, Robert VanV., and Pack, R. W., Geology and Oil Resources of 
the West Border of the San Joaquin Valley, North of Coalinga, U.S. Geo- 
logical Survey Bulletin No. 603, 1915. 
Arnold, Ralph, Tertiary and Quaternary Pectens of California, U.S. Geo- 
logical Survey Professional Paper No. 47, 1905. 
Arnold, Ralph, "Environments of the Tertiary Faunas of the Pacific Coast 
of the United States," Journal of Geology, Vol. 17, p. 520, 1909. 
Ashley, Geo. H., "Studies in the Neocene of California," Journal of Geology, 
Vol. 3, p. 434, 1895. 
Branner, J. C, Newsom, J. F., and Arnold, Ralph, Geology of the 
Santa Cruz Quadrangle, California, U.S. Geological Survey, Geological 
Atlas, .No. 163, 1909. 
Clark, B. L., "The Marine Tertiary of the West Coast of the United States : 
Its Sequence, Paleogeography, and Problems of Correlation," Journal of 
Geology, Vol. 29, No. 7, p. 583, 1921. 
Dall, W. H., and Harris, G. D., Correlation Papers, Neocene, U.S. Geological 
Survey Bulletin No. 84, 1892. 
Eldridge, Geo. H., and Arnold, Ralph, The Santa Clara Valley, Puente 
Hills and Los Angeles Oil Districts, Southern California, U.S. Geological 
Survey Bulletin No. 309, 1907. 
Lawson, A. C, "Geology of Carmelo Bay," University of California Bulletin, 
Department of Geology, Vol. 1, p. 3, 1893. 
Louderback, Geo. D., "The Monterey Series in California," University of Cali- 
fornia Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 7, No. 10, 
1913. 
Reed, R. D., "The Post-Monterey Disturbance in Salinas Valley, California," 
Journal of Geology, Vol. 33, No. 6, p. 588, 1925. 
Smith, James Perrin, Geologic Range of Miocene Invertebrate Fossils of 
California, Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., 
Vol. 3, 1912. 
Woodring, W. P., American Tertiary Mollusks of the Genus Clementia, U.S. 
Geological Survey, Professional Paper, No. 147, Part C, 1927. 
WlEDKY — VAQUEROa AND TEMBLOR OF I HE CALIFORNIA Alloc ENK 109 
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES 
PHYLUM MOLLUSCA 
CLASS GASTROPODA 
Subclass ANISOPLEURA 
Superorder Streptoneu ra 
Order CTENOBRANCHIATA Schwiegger 
Suborder Platypoda Lamarck 
Superfamily Ptenoglossa Gray 
Family SOLARIIDAE Chenu 
Genus ARCHITECTONICA Bolten, 1798 
Type: Solarium perspectivum Linne 
Architectonica compressa Wiedy, sp. nov. 
Plate 9, figures 1, 2 
Shell of small size, circular in outline and flatly subcorneal in 
shape ; spire small, short, low and not prominent. Shell obtusely angu- 
lated at the apex, measuring about 120° ; succeeding whorls spirally 
wound about the earlier ones on nearly the same plane of revolution. 
There are about five whorls, gradually increasing in size so that one 
whorl is about twice the size of the same stage of the preceding whorl 
in diameter. They are flattened, markedly on the under surface, less 
so on the upper surface where they are gently convex and rise at a 
low angle from the angulation which is quite sharply rounded. The 
shell is sculptured on the upper surface of the whorl above the margin 
by four broad spiral ridges, separated by narrower channeled inter- 
spaces. Periphery of the whorl bounded by a fifth ridge which is 
heavier and more prominently developed. The under side of the 
whorl is marked by five additional spiral ridges, the inner four of 
which are more closely spaced than any of the above-described and 
are separated by only a thin groove. Umbilicus moderately narrow 
and surrounded on the inner lower margin of the whorl by a rather 
obscure spiral ridge which is marked by prominent, closely spaced 
crenulations which are broader at their outer extremities and sepa- 
rated by furrows which are somewhat narrower. All the spiral 
110 San Diego Society of Natural History 
ridges are marked by similar crenulations, but the latter reach a much 
less prominent development on them. The base of the shell is nearly 
flat. Greatest diameter, 16 mm. ; least diameter, 13 mm. ; altitude, 
7 mm. ; diameter of the umbilicus, 4 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 12, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J. U. locality 428. This individual was collected 
from the south slope of a hillside two miles southeast of El Modena, 
Orange County, California. L. Wm, Wiedey, collector ; Temblor 
formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species of Architectonic a differs from any of the known 
living forms in the waters of this part of the world in being flatter, 
in having a wider umbilicus, and in the possession of strong incre- 
mental lines of growth. It differs from the only living species of the 
genus on the West Coast, A. granulata Lamarck, 45 from the coast of 
Lower California and Mexico, in having a much less elevated spire 
and less pronounced spiral sculpture on the under surface of the 
whorls. 
It may be distinguished from A. lorensoensis Arnold, 46 in its 
more prominent sculpturing, in lacking the biangular character of the 
body whorl at the angulation, in having four instead of three spiral 
ridges on the upper surface of the whorl, and in possessing a nar- 
rower umbilicus. It is more ornate and lower-spired than A. blanda 
Dall 47 of the Oligocene of Fall Creek, Oregon. 
Found associated with this new species were numerous individuals 
of Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan and rare individuals of 
Trophosycon kernianum Cooper. 
Superfamily Rachioglossa 
Family NEPTUNEIDAE 
Genus AGASOMA Gabb 
Type : Clavella gravida Gabb 
The following is a list of references to the species of the genus 
Agasoma: 
45 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. IS, sp. 7, pi. 2, 1864. 
« Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 34, p. 374, pi. 33, fig. 10, 1908. 
47 U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 59, p. 80, pi. 3, figs. 4, 5, 1909. 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS VND TEMBLOR OF I II E ( lALIFORN I a M [OCENE 1 1 1 
Fusus oregonensis Conrad, American Journal of Science, 2nd ser., Vol. 5, p. 
435, fig. 13, 1848. Now known to he of the genus Agasoma Gabb. 
Conrad, American Journal of Conchology, Vol. 1, p. 151, 1865. Assigned to 
genus Sycotyphus of Browne. 
Dall, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 59, p. 75, 1909. As- 
signed as Ficus ( Trophosycon) oregonensis. 
Schenck, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geological Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 12, p. 456, 1927. Listed for first time 
formally as "Bruclarkia" oregonensis Conrad. Bruclarkia is synony- 
mous with Agasoma Gabb. 
Clavella gravida Gabb, Geology of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, p. 4, pi. 1, 
fig. 6, 1869. 
Gabb, Geology of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, p. 46, pi. 1, fig. 6, 1869. 
First listed species under the new genus Agasoma created to embrace it. 
Cossmann, Essais de Paleoconchologie comparee, Vol. 4, p. 148, 1901. 
Agasoma sinuatum Gabb, p. 148, fig. 41, chosen as the type of Agasoma 
Gabb. Agasoma gravidum declared to be an "incomplete Morio." 
Merriam, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geology, Vol. 3, p. 378, 1904. 
English, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geology, Vol. 8, No. 10, p. 245, 1914. Agasoma gravidum Gabb, p. 251, 
pi. 25, figs. 7, 8, is specifically designated as the type of Agasoma Gabb. 
Clark, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 11, No. 2, p. 182, pi. 22, figs. 1, 3, 5, 1918. 
Cossmann, Essais de Paleoconchologie comparee, Vol. 13, p. 257, 1924. Re- 
iteration that Agasoma gravidum is an "incomplete Morio." 
Stewart, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 
Vol. 78, p. 397, pi. 31, figs. 10, 11, 1926. -Bruclarkia" Trask in Stewart; 
type : Agasoma gravidum Gabb. Synonymous with Agasoma Gabb ; type : 
Agasoma gravidum Gabb. 
Agasoma siuuata Gabb, Geology of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, p. 46, pi. 1, 
fig. 7, 1869. 
Try on, Structural and Systematic Conchology, Vol. 2, p. 143, pi. 5, fig. 65, 
1883. 
Fischer, Manuel de Conchyliologie, p. 627, 1884. 
Cossmann, Essais de Paleoconchologie comparee, Vol. 4, p. 148, 1901. Aga- 
soma sinuatum declared to be the type of Agasoma Gabb. 
English, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geology, Vol. 8, No. 10, p. 250, pi. 25, figs. 5, 6, 1914. 
Trask, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geological Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 5, p. 157, 1922. Koilo pleura Trask, gen. 
nov. ; type: Agasoma sinuatum Gabb, pi. 8, figs. 2, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b. 
Stewart, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 
Vol. 78, p. 397, 1926. Cossmann's proposal of Agasoma sinuatum as the 
type of Agasoma Gabb accepted. 
Agasoma barkcrianum Cooper, California State Mining Bureau Publications, 
Bulletin No. 4, p. 53, pi. 5, fig. 63, 1894. 
112 San Diego Society of Natural History 
English, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geology, Vol. 8, No. 10, p. 252, pi. 25, figs. 3, 13, 14, 1914. 
Agasoma santacrusana Arnold, Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 
Vol. 34, p. 379, pi. 34, fig. 7, 1908. 
English, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department 
of Geology, Vol. 8, No. 10, p. 252, pi. 25, figs. 11, 12, 1914. Listed as a 
varietal form of Agasoma barkerianum Cooper. 
Agasoma stanfordensis Arnold, Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 
Vol. 34, p. 384, pi. 35, fig. 5, 1908. Probably of the genus Fiats. 
Agasoma barkerianum Cooper, var. clarki English, University of California 
Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 8, No. 10, 
p. 253, pi. 25, figs. 9, 10, 1914. 
Agasoma columbianum Anderson and Martin, Proceedings of the California 
Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 73, pi. 5, figs. 6a, 6b, 
1914. 
Agasoma acuminatum Anderson and Martin, Proceedings of the California 
Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 4, No. 3. p. 73, pi. 5, figs. 4a, 4b, 1914. 
Clark, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 11, No. 2, p. 182, pi. 22, figs. 11, 19, 1918. 
Clark and Arnold, University of California Publications, Bulletin of the 
Department of Geological Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 5, p. 160, pi. 29, figs, la, 
lb, 2, 3a, 3b, 1923. 
Agasoma oregonense Anderson and Martin, Proceedings of the California 
Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 74, pi. 4, figs. 3a, 3b, 1914. 
Name preoccupied by Agasoma oregonense Conrad. New name pro- 
posed by the writer in this paper. 
Agasoma yaquinanum Anderson and Martin, Proceedings of the California 
Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 75, pi. 4, figs. 5a, 5b, 1914. 
The following is a list of species and varieties of the genus 
Agasoma which various writers have held valid : 
Agasoma oregonense Conrad 
Agasoma gravidum Gabb 
Agasoma sinuatnm Gabb 
Agasoma barkerianum Cooper 
Agasoma santacruzanum Arnold (considered as a variety of A. 
barkerianum Cooper, by some ) 
Agasoma barkerianum Cooper, var. clarki English 
Agasoma columbianum Anderson and Martin 
Agasoma acuminatum Anderson and Martin 
Agasoma andersoni Wiedey 
Agasoma yaquinanum Anderson and Martin 
Agasoma gravidum Gabb, var. miiltinodosum Clark 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF I HE ( CALIFORNIA MlO< ENE 113 
The genus Agasoma has recently been considered by Stewart, 
with the consequent renaming of the group of Agasoma gravidum, by 
far the commoner of Gabb's original two species upon which he 
established the genus, under the new generic name Bruclarkia (Trask 
in Stewart). In making this move Stewart accepted Cossmann's 48 
listing of Agasoma sinuatum Gabb as the type of Gabb's genus. 
Cossmann probably derived this belief from Tryon and Fischer, both 
of whom listed this species as typical of the genus. However, Stew- 
art did not accept Cossmann's inclusion of Agasoma gravidum under 
the genus Morio. Cossmann's belief that the latter species was a 
Mario, leaving but one valid species under the genus Agasoma, led 
him to pick that form as the type. This work of Cossmann's was 
accepted by Stewart upon the basis that Cossmann was the first 
reviser of the genus Agasoma, to whom the rules of nomenclature 
permit the privilege of picking the type when none was named by the 
creator of the genus. But Cossmann did not revise the genus in any 
sense of the word. His apparent unfamiliarity with West Coast 
forms is evidenced by his failure to consider that two additional 
forms had some years before been assigned to the genus Agasoma, 
one of which was the cause for the erection of a new subgenus by 
Cooper. It has been demonstrated that this subgenus does not belong 
to Agasoma and is to be placed under the genus Ficus. So Coss- 
mann's chance observations, based upon very short descriptions and 
meager illustrations in Gabb, do not constitute a revision of the 
genus. 
Even though Cossmann was the first writer formally to list a type 
for the genus Agasoma, his choosing of A. sinuatum Gabb as the type 
is impossible of acceptance, since it is a very rare form and unlike the 
other forms that have been assigned to Agasoma. It appears quite 
certain that A. gravidum Gabb is not to be confused with forms of 
the genus Morio, as Cossmann believed, but must be regarded as 
typical of the Agasoma species. Furthermore, it has always been 
considered by all West Coast paleontologists that A. gravidum is the 
type of the genus. The naming of A. gravidum first, the very com- 
mon occurrence of that species, together with the rare occurrence of 
A. sinuatum strengthens the validity of that consideration. 
English, therefore, being the first to revise the Agasoma-like 
gastropods, and being thoroughly familiar with the paleontology of 
48 Essais de Paleoconchologie compar.ee, Vol. 4, p. 148, 1901. 
114 San Diego Society of Natural History 
the West Coast, acted with judiciousness in formally assigning A. 
gravidum as the type of the genus. The extraneous form A. sinua- 
tum, he assigned to a section apart from the typical forms of the 
genus because it had proven so different from the other Agasomas. 
Not many years later, Trask recognized that A. sinuatum was 
evidently not congeneric with the type of the genus and proposed for 
it a new generic name, Koiloplcura. Trask, in making this move, 
greatly clarified an otherwise confused case, preserving for the 
typical Agasomas the name that Gabb had intended. Cossmann 49 
later declared, when he observed this trend of opinion, that his work 
of an earlier date was apparently overlooked. He also declared that 
not only was Koilopleura of Trask synonymous with Agasoma of 
Cossmann, but that the new generic name chosen by Trask was pre- 
occupied among the Echinoids by the generic name Coelopleurus. 
However-, in this connection, it may be pointed out, the differences 
in spelling are sufficiently distinctive between the two to prevent con- 
fusion. Several cases exist of an analogous nature, the validity and 
the authenticity of which have never been questioned. 
By verbal communication with Dr. H. G. Schenck, the writer's 
attention was called to the possible synonymy of Agasoma Gabb with 
Priscofusus Conrad, 50 the type of which was chosen by Dall 51 as 
Priscofusus corpulentus Conrad, 52 now generally accepted. While 
Cossmann 53 chose Priscofusus geniculus Conrad as the type of the 
genus in discussing its systematic position, Dall was the first to revise 
the genus and so was privileged to choose the type. 
Dall has carefully studied Conrad's type material of Priscofusus 
and made casts of their rock molds. In as much as Conrad's figure of 
P. corpulentus is impossible of identification and diagnosis, Dall 
found it necessary to employ this means to determine the characters 
of the type species, and thus of the genus. With Conrad's data, 
coupled with later examinations of the type material, the characters 
of the genus and its apparent systematic position as a subgenus of 
Fusinus, family of FascioJaridae, became evident to Dall. The genus 
49 Op. cit., Vol. 13, p. 257, 1924. 
50 Conrad, T. A., American Journal of Conchology, Vol. 1, p. 150, 1865. 
51 Dall, W. H., U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 59, p. 39, 1909. 
52 Conrad, T. A., U.S. Exploration Expedition, Atlas to Vol. 10, p. 728, pi. 20, 
fig. 4, 1849. 
53 0/>. cit., Vol. 4,- p. 8, 1901. 
WlEDEY — VAQfUEROS AND Tl'.MHI.ok OF 1 HE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 115 
Agasoma. on the other hand, is properly to be included with the 
genera under the family of Neptuneidae, as Stewart has indicated. 
Obviously, then, the genus Agasoma is not to be confused with the 
genus Priscofusus Conrad. 
Agasoma andersoni Wiedey, nom. now 
Because of the synonymy existing between Agasoma oregonense 
Anderson and Martin and "Fusus" oregonensis Conrad, it became 
necessary to assign a new specific name to the more recently described 
species. It has been only within very recent time that the proper 
assignment of Conrad's form to the genus Agasoma has been cor- 
rectly determined. Its first formal listing as a species of that genus 
was by H. G. Schenck. 54 Therefore, Agasoma andersoni is here pro- 
posed as a new name for A. oregonense Anderson and Martin. 
Named for Frank M. Anderson, who has been a most diligent 
and energetic pioneer worker in the paleontology of the West Coast. 
Family THAISIDAE Dall 
Genus RAPANA Schumard, 1817 
Type : R. bezoar Linne 
Rapana vaquerosensis Arnold 
Purpura vaquerosensis Arnold, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 50, 
Publication No. 1780, p. 427, pi. 52, figs, la, lb, 1908. 
Thais vaquerosensis (Arnold) Dickerson, University of California Publications, 
Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 8, p. 269, 1914. 
Thais vaquerosensis (Arnold), Anderson and Martin, Proceedings of the Cali- 
fornia Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 4, No. 3, p. 44, 1914. 
Rapana vaquerosensis (Arnold), Smith, J. P., Proceedings of the California 
Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 9. No. 4, p. 161, 1919. 
Thais vaquerosensis (Arnold), English, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 
768, p. 26. 1926. 
When Arnold described this species he considered it allied to the 
genus Purpura, especially to the group of P. triserealis Blainville 
and P. triangularis Blainville. It remained so assigned in the literature 
until 1914, when R. E. Dickerson and F. M. Anderson both con- 
54 Schenck, H. G., University of California Publications, Bulletin of the De- 
partment of Geological Science, Vol. 16, No. 12, p. 456, 1927. 
116 San Diego Society of Natural History 
sidered it to belong to the genus Thais. The possibility of a truly 
tropical oriental genus making its appearance had not been consid- 
ered. A few years later J. P. Smith corrected the erroneous assign- 
ment of Arnold's species and properly assigned it to the genus 
Rapana, yet later authors have perpetuated the error. 
Rapana serrai Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 9, figures 4, 5, 6 
Shell greatly variable in size, but attaining lengths of 80 mm. or 
more. It is pyrula-form with only a moderately elevated spire, which 
is bluntly conical. Whorls about four. The angulation adjacent to 
the suture gently anteriorly sloping, with no apparent concavity im- 
mediately in front of the suture. The latter is closely pressed against 
the angle of the preceding whorl, nearly reaching the prominent 
nodes at the angulation, which generally number about twelve to the 
whorl even in young individuals. Just posterior to the nodes on the 
superior surface of the whorl is a slight concavity which soon disap- 
pears. Lines of growth pass diagonally posteriorly across the upper 
surface of the shell to the angulation where they drop nearly verti- 
cally to the under side. About twelve prominent spirally revolving 
lines sculpture the upper side of the whorl and are themselves sepa- 
rated by much narrower sharply incised channels. The lower side 
of the whorl bends slightly acutely back and is marked by a few 
spiral lines similar to those on the upper side of the whorl. One-third 
the distance down the whorl from the angulation is another spiral 
ridge which is very coarse, prominent, and periodically marked by a 
series of nodes smaller than those on the angulation. They are of 
about the same number. Slightly below the middle of the whorl is a 
third spiral ridge, a little less prominent than the ones above, and 
only slightly rugose. Separating this from the next ridge above are 
two or three of the finer spiral lines. Below this last large ridge, on 
the lower half of the whorl, are many wavy, scalloped, coarse, thread- 
like ridgelets which parallel the long axis of the shell. Columella 
distinctly twisted and prominently recurved, with the lower portion 
spreading over a moderately narrow canal. Columella strongly sculp- 
tured by incremental lines of growth. Altitude, 70 mm. ; breadth at 
greatest diameter, 53 mm. ; altitude of the body whorl, 60 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. collection, type number 13, from S.D.S. 
N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 442. Collected from Kavanaugh Creek, 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 117 
a short distance north of its confluence with the Nacimiento River, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Win. W'iedey, collector. 
Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
Two other authentic species of Rapana are known from the Mio- 
cene of the West Coast, both probably of Vaqueros age. From the 
earlier described, R. vaquerosensis Arnold, 66 this new species is dis- 
tinguished by its much lower spire, the possession of minor spiral 
ridges between the heavy ridges which support the nodes, the posses- 
sion of another row of nodes below the angulation, with the tendency 
of the nodes on the angulation to be sharper and more prominent. 
From the later described species, R. imperialis Hertlein and Jordan, "' 
it differs in having less broadly inflated body whorl, less prominently 
projecting nodes, and less recurving of the columella, with a narrower 
sulcus. This later named species has only been reported from the 
Miocene of Lower California. Named in honor of Fra Junipero Serra 
in recognition of his services to California. 
Superfamily Taenioglossa 
Family TURRITELLIDAE Gray 
Genus TURRITELLA Lamarck. 1799 
Type : Turbo terebra Lamarck 
Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 
Plate 10, figure 7 
Plate 11, figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Arnold, Ralph, Proceedings of the U.S. National 
Museum, Vol. 3-2, p. 526, pi. 51, figs, 7, 8, 9, 1907. Not T. ocoyana of 
Conrad (Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 5, p. 329, pi. 8, figs. 73, 73a, 73b, 
and (?) unnumbered figure, 1856). 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Eldridge, G. H., and Arnold, Ralph, U.S. Geo- 
logical Survey Bulletin No. 309, p. 148, pi. 41, figs. 7. 8. 9, 1907. Not 
T. ocoyana of Conrad (op. cit.). 
55 Arnold, Ralph, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, Vol. 50. Publication 
No. 1780, p. 427, pi. 52, figs. la. lb, 1908. 
56 Hertlein, L. G., and Jordan, E. K., Proceedings of the California Academy 
of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 19, p. 631, pi. 20, fig. 1, 1927. 
118 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Arnold, Ralph, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 
No. 396, p. 18, pi. 8, fig. 1, 1909. Not T. ocoyana of Conrad. Fig. 2, loc. 
cit., apparently is T. ocoyana Conrad (op. cit.). 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Hertlein, L. G., and Jordan, E. K., Proceedings of 
the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 19, p. 642, 
pi. 19, fig. 2, 1927. Not typical T. ocoyana Conrad (op, cit.). 
Turritella bosci Hertlein, L. G, and Jordan, E. K., Proceedings of the Cali- 
fornia Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 19, p. 634, pi. 21, 
figs. 1. 2, 1927. 
Turritella bosci Hertlein and Jordan was named for a distinctive 
form which possessed a sharp carina at the base of the whorls with 
a slight concave rounding of the whorl above, occurring in and with 
the Turritella ocoyana fauna. Temblor in age, in Lower California. 
The following is the original description of T. ocoyana Conrad: 
Volutions 13 or 14, straight at the sides ; rounded at base, and having well- 
marked revolving lines, base broad ; volutions suddenly tapering to apex. 
Conrad's figures and description of T. ocoyana are very lucid. 
That he considered as the typical form of this species that with the 
rounding of the whorls at the base cannot be doubted, after a careful 
analysis of his statements and figures. So it seems apparent that 
T. bosei is a separate and distinct species from T. ocoyana, as the 
differences appear to be specific. 
Both Hertlein and Jordan, following the popular trend in the 
conception of Conrad's species, sought to differentiate their new 
species from a form which is. doubtless, conspecific with it and some- 
what intermediate in character. This intermediate form they have 
figured in their paper. The earlier whorls of this figured specimen 57 
exhibit the characteristics of the above-named newer species, while the 
later, perhaps gerontic whorls, more closely approach the typical 
form of Conrad's in shape. It at once led the writer to doubt the 
validity of the new species and to consider it but a variant form of 
the older named species, that of Conrad. But by careful examination 
of many specimens from the same stratigraphic position, from nu- 
merous scattered localities, it became evident that the form with the 
sharp carina is specifically separable from that with the rounding of 
the base of the whorl, both of which compose rather distinctive 
groups. Individuals intermediate between the two can be found. 
Most of the specimens already figured and thought to be conspecific 
with T. ocoyana Conrad, do not appear to conform entirely with the 
Op. cit., pi. 19, fig. 2. 
W'lKDEY VAQUEROS AM) TEMBLOB OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENK 119 
type description of that species, but seem more closely allied with 
T. bosci Hertlein and Jordan. These figures may he seen by con- 
sulting the references given in the synonymy of the latter species. 
On the accompanying plates 10 and 1 1 are figured both the repro- 
ductions of Conrad's original type figures and other commonly occur- 
ring Temblor Turritellas. Figures 2, 4, 5, 9, plate 10, are Conrad's 
originals reproduced. Figures 1, 3, 8, plate 10, are forms identified 
with that species. All clearly show the rounding of the base of the 
whorls, which are flatly to slightly convexly rounded above, charac- 
teristic of T. ocoyana Conrad. Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, plate 11, are forms 
nearly identical with the types of T. bosci Hertlein and Jordan, one 
of which is figured on the same plate, figure 6. They exhibit the 
projecting carina with the concave rounding of the whorl above, 
characteristic of that species. 
Turritella inezana Conrad, var. pertumida Wiedey, var. nov. 
Plate 12, figures 1. 6 
Shell large, highly turreted ; sides very gently sloping toward the 
apex, which, apparently, is very acute. Whorls numbering six or 
more, prominently convexly inflated in shape. The succeeding whorls 
increase very slowly in diameter. The younger whorls are less promi- 
nently inflated, while the later whorls reach a high degree of in- 
flation with the point of greatest diameter at or above the center 
of the whorl. Suture more shallowly impressed between the earlier 
than the later whorls, where it is rather deep. Sculpture consists of 
wavy incremental lines of growth, heavier on the later whorls where 
they become very prominent. Length of the type (upper portion of 
the shell is broken away), 110 mm.; breadth of the youngest whorl, 
7 mm. ; breadth of the latest whorl, 28 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 14, collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 441. Collected from the head 
of the Canyon de Piedra, about five miles east of San Luis Obispo, 
San Luis Obispo County. California. Paratype: L.S.J.L\ type col- 
lection, type number 418. R. B. Moran and L. Wm. Wiedey. 
collectors ; Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new varietal form, which is rather common at the type 
locality, is to be distinguished from T. inezana Conrad by possessing 
prominently convexly inflated whorls with strong incremental sculp- 
ture, while Conrad's species exhibits a flattened whorl without strong 
120 San Diego Society of Natural History 
incremental sculpture but with the faint development of a carina and 
indistinct revolving ridges. Figures 2, 3, 7, plate 12, are considered 
closely allied with T. inezana Conrad, showing the specific characters. 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad 
Plate 10, figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 5, p. 329, pi. 8, figs. 
73, 73a, 73b, and ( ?) unnumbered figure, 1856. 
Turritella wittichi Hertlein and Jordan, Proceedings of the California Academy 
of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 19, p. 635, pi. 21, figs. 3, 4, 1927. 
The type of Turritella wittichi Hertlein and Jordan has been care- 
fully compared with the types of T. b'osei and material indentified as 
T. ocoyana Conrad by Hertlein and Jordan. A figured specimen in 
the reference above thought by them to be the latter species can be 
shown probably to be conspecific with T. bosci, though somewhat 
intermediate in character with the typical form of T. ocoyana Con- 
rad. T. ■wittichi falls into this intermediate series with affinities close 
to T. ocoyana Conrad, though the earlier whorls of the type specimen 
show the carina, characteristic of T. bbsei, moderately well developed. 
Figure 6, plate 10, is a rephotograph of the form considered as 
the type of 7. wittichi. Related Turritellas are figured on the same 
plate. 
Turritella variata Conrad 
Plate 12. figures 5, 8 
Turritella variata Conrad, Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 7, p. 195, pi. 8, 
fig. 5, 1857. 
The following is the type description of this species as given by 
Conrad in the reference above. 
Subulate, volutions with straight sides, each with 4 to 6 revolving promi- 
nent ribs, body whorl with a broad furrow revolving above the angle of the 
base. 
The following is the discussion by Conrad, accompanying his de- 
scription of the foregoing" species. 
A variable species ; one specimen of which shows two revolving lines on 
the upper part of each whorl distant from three equidistant ribs beneath, all 
nearly or quite equal in size. Others have six unequal equidistant ribs ; but I 
believe the species is always excavated at the base. 
It becomes quite apparent from examination of the type descrip- 
W'ikdky — Vaqueros and Temblor of the California Miocene 121 
tion and the type figure, reproduced from Conrad's original on 
plate 12, figure 5, of this paper, that the forms which have been 
commonly assigned to T. variola Conrad cannot be conspecific with 
that form. These may be seen by consulting the references to the 
synonymy given on page 122 of this paper and figures 7 and 8. plate 11. 
It becomes more evident that such is the case when it is considered 
that the type of T. variata came from the Santa Inez Mountains, 
evidently with T. inezana, the Vaqueros marker, while all of the 
forms yet identified with the species in question have been secured 
from the Temblor formation with the commonly occurring and asso- 
ciated form, T. ocoyana, but never in the Vaqueros with T. ine'zana. 
Arnold 58 reported that he had collected from the west end of the 
Santa Inez Mountains the "young" of T. variata Conrad ; but at what 
localities or in what associations remain unstated. 
By careful examination of great numbers of Turritellas from the 
Vaqueros formation, some of which were collected from the type 
region of T. inezana and T. variata, the writer was able to clearly 
determine and separate Conrad's two species here discussed. Consid- 
ering the geologic and geographic occurrence, the figure, description, 
and discussion given by Conrad, the form figured as number 8, 
plate 12, of the accompanying illustrations is doubtlessly the one to 
be considered conspecific with T. variata of Conrad. While the type 
figure is admittedly poor, it nevertheless illustrates the tendency 
toward the tabulation at the top of the whorl, besides the general 
shape and sculpture of the whorl. 
Apparently the form figured by Arnold as the type of T. inezana 
Conrad, var. sespeensis Arnold 59 is more closely related as a variety 
of T. variata Conrad. Arnold's type figure seems inverted and while 
rather featureless, it may be made to conform to the type description 
and is possible of recognition. Figure 4, plate 12, is a photograph of 
a better specimen from near the type locality. 
It has been deemed apropos to call attention to the error perpetu- 
ated in the identification of Conrad's species, T. variata, after pains- 
takingly determining that such was the case. Since the forms 
formerly identified with Conrad's species now remain without a 
specific name, it becomes necessary to propose a new specific desig- 
nation. 
58 Arnold, Ralph, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 50, Publica- 
tion No. 1780, p. 421, 1908. 
59 Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 32, p. 532, pi. 51, fig. 6, 1907. 
122 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Turritella temblorensis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 11, figures 4, 7, 8, 9 
Turritella variata Conrad, Arnold, Ralph, Proceedings of the U.S. National 
Museum, Vol. 32, p. 526, pi. 51, figs. 7, 8, 9, 1907. Not T. variata of 
Conrad (Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 7, p. 195, pi. 8, fig. 5, 1857). 
Turritella variata Conrad, Eldridge, G. H., and Arnold, Ralph, U.S. Geological 
Survey Bulletin No. 309, p. 147, pi. 41, figs. 10, 11, 12, 1907. Not T. 
variata of Conrad (op. cit.). 
Shell of moderate size ; highly turriculate. Sides of the shell 
slope rather quickly to the apex, which is not sharply acute, giving 
the shell the tendency to appear short and thick-set. Whorls number 
six or more, very convexly inflated. Increase in size in successively 
older whorls not great. The whorls are marked by a very prominent, 
sharp carina at about their centers, sometimes falling slightly below. 
Sides of whorl generally form obtusely angular carina. The upper 
and lower sides of the whorl slope flatly or slightly concavely 
away from the carina to the sutures which are only perceptibly 
depressed. Surface sculpture consists of sharp, prominent, spirally 
revolving ridges, of which one accentuates the carina, another evenly 
divides the inward sloping, under side of the whorl. Above the 
carina are found from two to five similar ridges which are less 
prominent and more irregularly spaced. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 15, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. Collected from the small 
canyon trending westward from the head of Dry Canyon, at the base 
of the east- west divide, two miles south of Calabasas, Calabasas 
quadrangle, Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles County, Cali- 
fornia. Paratype: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 419. Para- 
types: C.A.S. type collection, type numbers 2984 and 2985. L. Wm. 
Wiedey, collector ; Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
T. bosei Hertlein and Jordan 60 is the only form which in some 
individuals bears a similarity to this species, but there is no difficulty 
in separating the two. The position of the carina in T. bosei is 
always near the base with the long flattened or concave slope of the 
whorl above, while in this new species it is nearly at the center, with 
the relatively short area above and below sloping flatly or concavely 
to the sutures. The spirally revolving ridges in T. bosei are more 
rounded and less prominent. 
60 Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser., Vol. 16, No. 19, 
p. 634, pi. 21, figs. 1, 2, 1927. 
WlEDEY VAQUERQS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 123 
Turritella montereyana Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 21, figures 2, 3 
Shell very large, highly turreted, sides sloping moderately toward 
the apex. Whorls number seven or more. Earlier ones are flat-sided, 
while the later whorls become markedly convexly rounded. Suture 
very shallowly impressed in the younger portion of the shell, becom- 
ing more deeply impressed with the growth of the individual until in 
the older specimens it is very deep. The principal sculpturing consists 
of about four spirally revolving ridges, approximately equally spaced. 
They are marked by very fine and closely spaced nodes which seem 
to appear at the points where the growth lines intersect the ribs. In 
some cases the interspaces between the ribs are sculptured by a very 
fine single, or paired set of riblets, similar in character to the heavier 
ribs. Length of type (broken specimen), 102 mm.; breadth of top 
whorl, 12.5 mm. ; breadth of bottom whorl, 37 mm. 
Syntype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 51, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J. U. locality 447. Collected from a locality in 
the Bryson quadrangle about 1.5 miles south of the San Antonio 
River in Sec. 3, T. 24 S., R. 8 E., Monterey County, California. 
Syntype: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 435. W. F. Loel, 
collector ; Monterey formation, middle Miocene. 
From Turritella variata Conrad (plate 12, figure 5) this new 
species may be distinguished by its lacking the prominent collar-like 
ridge wdiich marks the upper part of the whorls and by lacking the 
distinct excavation between the two bottom ribs at the base of the 
whorls. Turritella inezana Conrad (plate 12, figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7), 
besides being a more slender form, lacks the sculpturing of this new 
species. 
Super family Toxoglossa Troschel 
Family CONIDAE Adams 
Genus CONUS Linne 
Type : C. marmoreus Linne 
Conus juanensis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 9, figure 3 
Shell of small size; elongate conical in outline, with a moderately 
elevated spire. Whorls, about six, rounded, the succeeding increasing 
124 San Diego Society of Natural History 
but slowly in size. Apical angle slightly acute, being a little under 
ninety degrees. Whorls nearly flat on their sides, each with a sharp 
shoulder at their angulation above which the whorl tends to be 
slightly tabulate or concavely curved. Apex sharp and approximately 
central. The suture is visibly depressed. The aperture is moderate 
in width and nearly straight. Surface sculptured only by fine incre- 
mental lines of growth. Length, 26 mm. ; breadth, maximum, 16 mm. ; 
height of spire, about 10 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 16, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the east side 
of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of Simmler, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species of Conns is resembled most closely by a form 
from the Kern River Miocene, of Temblor age, C. owenianus F. M. 
Anderson. 01 It may be distinguished from the latter by lacking the 
prominent spiral sculpture which characterizes it. This new form 
also has a more sharply angulated spire of greater height than the 
Kern River form. L T pon examination of more extensive collections 
of both of these compared species, sufficient variation of the Kern 
River form to embrace this group of individuals might be shown. 
It is also resembled by C. interruptus Broderip 62 of the living cones of 
the Gulf of California in having a similar spire, but, for shells of 
corresponding stages of growth, the latter has a much higher body 
whorl than the fossil species. 
Found associated with this form were : Agasoma barkerianum 
Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula princeps Conrad, Mc- 
longena calif or nica Anderson and Martin, Turrit ella ocoyana Conrad, 
Chionc temblor ensis F. M. Anderson, C. pansana Anderson and 
Martin, dementia pertenuis Gabb, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Pecten 
andcrsoni Arnold. 
61 Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3d ser., Vol. 2, No. 2, 
p. 201, pi. 15, figs. 58, 59, 1905. 
62 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 1, pi. 22, sp. 125, 1843. 
W'lF.DEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CaLIFORN] \ MIOCENE 125 
CLASS PELECYPODA 
Order PRIONODESMACEA Dall 
Suborder FlLIBRANCHIATA Dall 
section taxadonta Neumayr 
Superfamily Arcacea Deshayes 
Family ARCIDAE Dall 
Genus ARCA (Linne) Lamarck, 1799 
Type : A. noae Linne 
Area sespeensis Wiedey, sp. now 
Plate 13, figure 1 
Shell moderately small, trapezoidal, quite inequilateral and some- 
what gibbose. Posterior dorsal margin short, dropping nearly 
straight down from under the beak. It is quite sharply rounded at 
the extremity, and has a long, gently convex ventral margin. The 
posterior extremity is sharply rounded to the anterior dorsal margin 
which slopes approximately straight down from the beak. Umbo 
large, prominent, rather broad, and flattened. The beak is large, 
posterior, blunt, incurved, and pointed anteriorly. Cardinal area of 
moderate size, only gently depressed. Sculpture consisting of about 
nineteen ribs which are prominently elevated and sharply rounded, 
separated by channels of about equal width which are themselves 
rounded. Concentric growth lines faint and indistinct. Length, 
32 mm. ; breadth, 25 mm. ; height of one valve, 13 mm. 
Holotype: right valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
17, from" S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 407. This form was 
secured from well up on the south wall of the Little Sespe River 
canyon, just above its confluence with the Big Sespe River, Ventura 
County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; Yaqueros formation, 
lower Miocene. 
This new species of Area differs from other known Areas of the 
West Coast region in the possession of a broad and thinly compressed 
umbo with relatively slight convexity of the valve. 
Associated with this new form were Turritella inezana Conrad, 
var. sespeensis Arnold. Area hamelini Wiedey, sp. now, Peeien ses- 
peensis Arnold, Ostrea sp., and Bala nits sp. 
126 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Area hamelini Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 13, figure 2 
Shell small, subtrapezoidal, distinctly inequilateral, equivalve, and 
convexly inflated. The anterior dorsal margin not long, moderately 
straight with the anterior extremity bluntly rounded. The basal 
margin is quite long and has a tendency toward parallelism with the 
hinge line. The posterior extremity more broadly rounded above 
than below. The posterior dorsal margin is short and nearly straight. 
The umbones are prominent, large, angular, and elevated, with the 
umbonal ridge quite well defined. Beak small, well anterior, promi- 
nent, sharply pointed, incurved, elevated, prosogyrous, and widely 
separated in combined valves. The sculpture consists of about six- 
teen ribs which are high, narrow, and rounded, separated by flattened 
channels which are distinctly much broader. Where the growth lines 
cross the ribs there is a tendency to form rugose sculpture, more 
markedly toward the extremity of the disk. The cardinal area is 
large, prominent, and moderately depressed. Length, 28 mm. ; 
breadth, 20 mm. ; height of one valve, 13 mm. 
Holotype: left valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
18, from S.D.S.N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 407. This form was 
collected from high up on the south wall of the Little Sespe River 
canyon, a short distance above its confluence with the Big Sespe 
River, Ventura County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; 
Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This Area species will not be confused with any known fossil or 
living species of the West Coast, because of its distinctively high, 
sharp umbo and its few and narrow, widely spaced ribs. Its closest 
resemblant form is a living species from Japanese waters, A. granosa 
Linne, 63 but the fossil form has a higher and more strongly pro- 
sogyrous umbo which is much sharper than in the living form. 
Gerontic forms of the living species show greater resemblance to the 
fossil form. 
This new species was found at the same locality with A. sespeensis 
Wiedey, sp. nov., associated with Turritclla inczana Conrad, var. ses- 
peensis Arnold, Pecten sespeensis Arnold, Ostrca sp., and Balanus sp. 
Named for Mr. D. F. Hamelin, in appreciation of his valued aid 
to the writer at all times. 
63 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 2, pi. 13, sp. 15a, \5b, 1844 
WlEDEV — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 127 
Area lakei Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 13, figures 4, 5 
Shell subquadrate in outline and of moderate size, but distinctly 
inequilateral and quite gibbose. The anterior dorsal margin short and 
straight, gently sloping. The anterior dorsal extremity broadly 
rounded to the basal margin which is less convexly rounded. The 
posterior dorsal extremity is quite sharply rounded, more narrowly 
below than above. Posterior dorsal margin short and straight to 
gently sloping. Umbones prominent, large, elevated, and incurved. 
The beaks are of moderate size, anteriorly situated, quite sharp, in- 
curved and close-set. The cardinal area is not large and is only 
gently depressed. Sculpture consists of twenty-five ribs which are 
low and flattened. The ribs generally have on their surface three 
longitudinal striations which present the appearance of dividing the 
ribs into riblets, separated by thread-like channels. The interspaces 
between the ribs are slightly narrower than the ribs and are flatly 
channeled. Concentric lines of growth apparent but not prominent. 
Length, 38 mm. ; breadth, 33 mm. ; height of both valves, 33 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 19, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 432. Collected from the east side 
of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of Simmler, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This species may be distinguished from Area devincta Conrad 04 
by its greater gibbosity and less elongate form. It is differentiated 
from A. osmonti Dall 65 by its much less flattened umbones and more 
quadrate form. It differs from A. multicostata Sowerby 66 in pos- 
sessing a more rounded ventral margin and the tendency of the ribs 
to become very flattened and split. It also has a relatively longer 
hinge line than the foregoing form. 
Found associated with this species were: Agasoma barkeriaiiuin 
Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula prince ps Conrad, Melon- 
gena californica Anderson and Martin, Turritella ocoyana Conrad, 
Chione temblorensis F. M. Anderson, C. panzana Anderson and 
Martin, dementia pcrtemiis Gabb, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Pecten 
andersoni Arnold. 
64 U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 59, p. 109, append. 1, p. 155, 1909. 
65 University of California Publications, P>ulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 4, p. 90, pi. 8, figs. 2a, 2b, 1904. 
66 Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 32, pi. 48, tig. 1, 1907. 
128 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Named for Mr. M. E. Lake in recognition of his very valuable 
services to the writer while in the field. 
Area rivulata Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 13, figure 3 
Shell of small size, subquadrate in outline, quite inequilateral and 
rather convex. Anterior dorsal margin short, sloping quickly to the 
extremity, which is sharply rounded above, more so below. The basal 
margin gently convexly rounded to the posterior dorsal extremity 
which appears to be quite sharply rounded to its adjacent margin. 
The latter is moderately long and slopes down quite straight from 
the beak. Umbo prominent, elevated, and incurved. The beak is 
small, prominent, situated anteriorly, sharp, and distinctly prosogy- 
rous. The sculpture consists of about twenty ribs which are rounded, 
prominently elevated, and separated by slightly narrower, flatly chan- 
neled interspaces. Ribs quite regularly rilled by concentric waves 
which do not sculpture the interspaces. Rilling is more marked 
toward the margins of the disk. The cardinal area is apparently 
small and only slightly depressed. Length, about 15 mm.; breadth, 
13 mm. ; height of a single valve, 7 mm. 
Holotype: left valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
20, from S. D.S.N. H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the 
east side of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of 
Simmler, San Luis Obispo County, California. Merrill E. Lake, col- 
lector ; Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species of Area differs from other species of the genus 
from the West Coast in being much smaller, more regularly rounded, 
more nodosely ribbed, of shorter relative hinge line. It is resembled 
slightly by the living form A. labiata Sowerby, 67 but is less equilateral 
and more gibbose about the umbo when forms of the same size are 
compared. 
Forms found with this new species were identified as : Agasoma 
barkerianum Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula prince ps 
Conrad, Melongena calif ornica Anderson and Martin, Turritella oco- 
yana Conrad, Cliione temblorensis F. M. Anderson, C. panzana 
Andersen and Martin, dementia pertenuis Gabb, Dosinia mathew- 
sonii Gabb, Pecten andcrsoni Arnold. 
67 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 2, pi. 1, sp. 7, 1844. 
Wiedev — Vaqueros and Temblor of rHE California Miocene 129 
Area galei Wiedey, sp. nuv. 
Plate 13, figure 8 
Shell of moderate size, subtrigonal in outline, distinctly inequi- 
lateral and quite convexly inflated. The anterior dorsal margin short 
and gently convexly curved to the anterior dorsal extremity, which 
is very sharply rounded to the basal margin. The latter is broadly 
convexly rounded. Posterior dorsal extremity angularly truncated to 
the posterior dorsal margin which is nearly straight and slopes 
abruptly. Umbo large, prominent, angular, elevated, and situated 
anteriorly. Beak slightly incurved, sharp, and prosogyrous. A dis- 
tinct shoulder is formed at the posterior side of the umbo, extending 
from the beak to the posterior extremity, which causes the posterior 
dorsal area to be separated from the main body of the shell at nearly 
a right angle. The upper part of the posterior dorsal area appears 
distinctly folded under the beak. The sculpture consists of about 
twenty strong ribs, separated by narrower channeled interspaces. 
The ribs are rippled by concentric waves which are not apparent in 
the interspaces. Cardinal area inaccessible but apparently not large, 
sunken deeply below the beak. Length, 25 mm. ; breadth, 18 mm. ; 
thickness of a single valve, 9 mm. 
Holotype: left valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
21, from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 427. This species was 
collected from Benedict Canyon about four and one-half miles south 
of the San Bernardino Base Line on the east side of the canyon, 
about one hundred feet above the bottom. The locality is also about 
four miles north and east from Sawtelle, Los Angeles County, Cali- 
fornia. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; Temblor formation, middle 
Miocene. 
This new species of Area differs from all other observed Areas 
of the West Coast in possessing a sharp shoulder in the posterior 
portion of the valve which separates the posterior dorsal area from 
the main body of the shell. Its sharp umbo and its extended, less 
regularly rounded outline also serve as means of distinguishing it. 
From the fossil form A. sespeensis Wiedey, sp. nov., it may be sepa- 
rated by its relatively higher and sharper umbo which is somewhat 
flattened and more prosogyrous. 
Found occurring with this new species were : Turritella ocoyana 
Conrad. Chione temblorensis F. M. Anderson, dementia pert emu's 
130 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Gabb, Macoma nasitta Conrad, Panope generosa Gould, and Pteria, 
sp. nov. (undescribed). 
This species is named for Mr. H. A. Gale, whose encouragement 
has been greatly appreciated during this work. 
Area impavida Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 14, figures 2, 3 
Shell moderately large, trapezoidal in outline, nearly as broad as 
long, distinctly inequilateral and broadly convexly inflated. Anterior 
dorsal margin not long, sloping gently convexly at nearly a right 
angle from the hinge line to the extremity which is very broadly 
rounded. Basal margin nearly parallel and equal in length to the 
hinge line. The posterior extremity is quite sharply rounded to allow 
the posterior dorsal margin, which is straight, to pass acutely back 
from the extremity to the hinge line. Umbo very large, broad, flat- 
tened, and abruptly rounded at the anterior and posterior portions. 
The beak is broad, obtuse, situated toward the anterior portion of 
the shell and slightly prosogyrous, elevated gently above and slightly 
overhanging the hinge line. The sculpture consists of about twenty- 
seven flattened ribs, approximately equal in width to the interspaces 
and only gently elevated. They sometimes have a tendency to split. 
Incremental sculpture strong, with numerous fine, closely spaced 
growth lines. The hinge line is less than four-fifths the length of the 
shell and is weakly divided near its center to present a shorter 
anterior series than posterior series of teeth. They are irregularly 
spaced, finer toward the central part of the hinge, coarser toward 
the extremity, with the coarser teeth of the posterior series markedly 
chevron shaped. About twenty-two teeth make up the anterior series 
and about twenty-five, the posterior series. Cardinal area about one- 
fifth as broad as long, sculptured by seven chevron-shaped grooves, 
which are quite regularly spaced. The apices of the chevrons fall 
between the beak and the constriction of the hinge, giving the chev- 
rons a shorter and more steeply sloping anterior portion. Length, 
55 mm. ; breadth, 42 mm. ; thickness of a single valve, 19 mm. ; 
length of hinge line, 40 mm. 
Holotype: right valve; L.S.J. U. type collection, type number 
436, collected from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 442. This new 
species was collected from the well-known Barker's Ranch Temblor 
locality of Kern County, California. W. H. Ochsner, collector ; 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 131 
This new form is most closely resembled by //. osmonti Dall 68 
but possesses a much broader and more flattened umbo, a relatively 
longer hinge line and several more grooves on the cardinal area. This 
species is to be separated from A. devincta Conrad <;y by having, gen- 
erally, fewer ribs, less inequilateral shape, a relatively longer hinge 
line, greater number of grooves on the cardinal area, and by lacking 
the transverse riblets, or striations, on the outer portions of the 
cardinal area. 
Area perdisparis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 13, figure 6, Plate 14, figure 1 
Shell moderately small, elliptical in outline, with the posterior end 
broader than the corresponding anterior end. It is very inequilateral 
and only slightly convexly inflated. Anterior dorsal margin very 
short, passing in a gently rounded manner to the basal margin which 
is very long and nearly straight, forming a low angle with the hinge 
line. Posterior dorsal extremity quite broadly rounded to the mar- 
gin, which is but slightly rounded. Umbo narrow, distinctly ele- 
vated above the main body of the shell in a long, regularly rounded 
ridge. Beak small, sharp, but prominent, very near the anterior end 
of the shell and perceptibly prosogyrous. The shell is sculptured by 
about twenty-eight flattened ribs, of equal or of lesser width than 
the interspaces. The ribs apparently have little tendency to split. The 
hinge line is about two-thirds the length of the shell. Length, 36 
mm. ; breadth, 19 mm. ; thickness of a single valve, 5 mm. 
Holotype: Left valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
23, collected from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 443. This form 
was collected three-quarters of a mile southwest of Zayante Station, 
Santa Cruz Mountains, Monterey County, California. Ralph Arnold, 
collector ; Monterey formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species is most closely resembled by A. obispoana 
Conrad, 70 a Miocene species, plate 13, figure 7, but may be readily dis- 
tinguished from that form by being much more inequilateral, very 
much more elongate, in having a nearly straight basal margin and an 
elevated narrow umbo. These characteristics may serve to separate 
68 University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 4, pi. 8, figs. 2a, 2b, 1904. 
69 U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 59, p. 109, p. 155, 1909. 
70 Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 7, p. 192, pi. 5, fig. 1, 1857. 
132 San Diego Society of Natural History 
this new form from any of the other already known West Coast 
Tertiary representatives of the genus Area. 
Area procumbens Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 13, figures 9, 10, 11 
Shell rather small, ovoid in shape, slightly inequivalve, extremely 
inequilateral, and very convexly inflated. Anterior dorsal margin 
short, gently rounded, sloping nearly straight down from the hinge line 
to the extremity which is indistinct and very broadly rounded. Basal 
margin quite straight, sloping downward toward the posterior dorsal 
extremity which is greatly produced and more abruptly rounded. 
The posterior dorsal margin is but gently curved and moderately long, 
sloping sharply to the extremity. Umbones very large, prominent, 
.greatly elevated, and convexly regularly rounded. Beaks broad, 
slightly elevated, and widely distant. The shell is sculptured by 
about thirty narrow, elevated, and rounded ribs which in some cases 
show a faint tendency to split. The interspaces are generally wider 
than the ribs and near the dorsal areas may be marked by a median 
ribletj imperfectly developed. The muscle scars are small but strong. 
The pallial sinus is parallel to the outer margin of the shell and is 
located closely to it. The hinge line is about three-quarters the length 
of the shell and is marked by thirty or more fine, closely spaced 
teeth. Cardinal area about one-quarter as broad as long, sculptured 
by ten chevron-shaped grooves quite evenly spaced and which have 
broadly rounded, instead of angular, apices. The anterior portions of 
the grooves are somewhat shorter than the posterior portions. 
Length, 35 mm. ; breadth, 28 mm. ; thickness of the combined valves, 
28 mm. 
Syntype: Left valve ; S.D.S."N.H. type collection, type number 
24, collected from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 444. This form 
was collected from a point five miles north of Yaquina Head, Lincoln 
County, Oregon. Syntype: Right valve; L.S.J.U. type collection, 
type number 420. H. V. Howe, collector ; Miocene. 
This new species of Area is only resembled by A. devincta Con- 
rad 71 and may readily be separated from that species in being more 
extended in outline, more inequilateral in shape, in having larger and 
more prominent umbones, and a relatively larger cardinal area with 
a greater number of grooves. 
ri U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 59, p. 109, p. 155, 1909. 
Wiedey — Vaqueros and Temblor of the California Miocene 133 
SECTION SCHIZODONTA strinmann 
Superfamily Pteriacea Dall 
Family PTERIIDAE Meek 
Genus PTERIA Stopoli, 1777 
Type: Mytilus hirundo Lamarck 
Pteria hertleini Wiedey, sp. now 
Plate 21, figure 1 
Shell large, very oblique, lingulaeform, nearly equivalve, very 
inequilateral, and highly inflated. Anterior dorsal margin quite 
straight and nearly vertical to the hinge line. This dorsal extremity 
is terminated in a sharp curve. The basal margin is broadly rounded 
and seems generally somewhat parallel to the hinge line. The pos- 
terior dorsal extremity is more sharply rounded ; being quite distant 
from the beaks it accentuates the oblique form of the shell. The 
posterior dorsal margin is very long and nearly straight. The umbones 
are very prominent, highly elevated, very regularly rounded, and 
acutely angular. The beaks are small, sharp, not conspicuous, and 
quite distant from one another. The hinge length is about three- 
fourths the width of the shell and is straight with a broad, moderately 
deeply excavated ligamental area. The anterior ear is the sharper and 
the more extended. Length, about 110 mm. ; breadth, about 95 mm. ; 
thickness of combined valves, about 70 mm. ; length of hinge line, 
about 75 mm. 
Holotypc: L.S.J. I', type collection, type number 434. collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 200. Collected from Sec. 9, 
T. 20 S., R. 6 E., in the Junipero Serra quadrangle in Los Vaqueros 
Valley about 0.4 miles upstream from the narrow constriction of the 
canyon a few miles above its mouth, Monterey County, California. 
A. W. Ambrose, collector ; Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new species is very distinctive and is resembled but slightly 
by any of the yet recorded West Coast Tertiary forms of this genus, 
k'rom Pteria jordani Wiedey (plate 14, figure 4; plate 15, figure 3), 
sp. nov., of the Temblor, it differs in being more convexly inflated, 
more elongate and extended in outline, and in possessing higher, 
sharper, and more prominent umbones than the more recent form. 
134 San Diego Society of Natural History 
This species is named in honor of Mr. Leo G. Hertlein of the 
California Academy of Sciences in recognition of his contributions 
to the paleontology of the West Coast. 
Pteria jordani Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 14, figure 4; Plate 15, figure 3 
Shell quite large, moderately oblique, lingulaeform, slightly inequi- 
valve, inequilateral, and well inflated. Anterior dorsal margin above 
the hinge line rounded concavely, the anterior dorsal extremity very 
broadly convexly rounded. The basal margin is a little more sharply 
rounded toward the posterior dorsal extremity, which is but gently 
rounded. The posterior dorsal margin slopes nearly straight and is 
only slightly re-entrant into the main body of the shell adjacent to the 
hinge line. Umbones large, prominent, broad, convexly well inflated 
with a poorly defined umbonal ridge passing from the beaks toward 
the base of the shell, about 45° to the hinge line. Beaks situated at 
the anterior end of the shell, small, sharp, slightly elevated, and 
incurved. Since most of the shell has been broken away, the external 
sculpture is unknown. The hinge line is generally about the length of 
the shell and is straight, marked in the ligamental area by long, nar- 
row, longitudinal grooves. The posterior ear is the broader, while 
the anterior ear appears to be the more extended and sharper, being 
very acutely angular. The shell attains a length of over 100 mm., a 
breadth of over 95 mm., and a thickness in combined valves of over 
55 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 25, collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. This new form was 
collected at the head of a small canyon trending westward from the 
head of Dry Canyon at the base of the east-west ridge forming the 
divide, two miles south of Calabasas, Santa Monica Mountains, Los 
Angeles County, California. Porotypc: L.S.J.LT. type collection, type 
number 421. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector; Temblor formation, middle 
Miocene. 
Species of this genus have rarely been seen in the Cenozoic for- 
mations of the West Coast, exclusive of parts of the Eocene. An 
abundance of individuals of this new species were found matted to- 
gether in a thin bed at the locality where they were collected, but 
have not been commonly seen in the same formation elsewhere. An 
incomplete individual of another new species was collected by the 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 135 
writer in a similar stratigraphic position elsewhere in Los Angeles 
County. 
This new species differs from other known fossil forms in its 
very much greater size and in its more rounded and regular outline. 
It is approached in similarity by a newly described form, Ptcria 
hertleini Wiedey, sp. nov., from the Vaqueros at the type section. 
The latter species is of similar size, but shows greater sharpness of 
the umbones, which are themselves much more inflated. In some 
respects it is resembled by Pterin peruviana Reeve, 72 which ranges 
from the Gulf of California to Ecuador. The fossil species has not 
the subquadrate outline nor the short posterior ear much separated 
from the shell found in the living form. 
Found associated with this new species were: Bulla cantua'ensis 
Anderson and Martin, Cancellaria condani Cooper. Murex topangensis 
Arnold. Calyptraea radians Linne ( = Trochita eostellata Conrad). 
Turritella ocoyana Conrad. T. temblorensis Wiedey. sp. nov., demen- 
tia pertenuis Gabb, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb. 
This species is named in honor of Dr. David Starr Jordan in 
recognition of his most eminent position in natural sciences. 
Superfamily Ostracea Goldfuss 
Family OSTREIDAE Lamarck 
Genus OSTREA (Linne) Lamarck, 1799 
Type : O. edulis Linne 
Ostrea howelli Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 15, figures 1, 2 
Shell of moderate size. Variable outline, but most forms exhibit 
a subcircular to snbovoid contour. It is very inequivalve and is sel- 
dom equilateral. The left valve is the more convex and thick-shelled. 
In some specimens the dorsal portion is the narrower part of the shell 
while the basal end is often wider and more broadly rounded. Umbo 
of the left valve is found in some individuals to preserve the small 
"'- Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 10, pi. 14, sp. 53, 1857. 
136 San Diego Society of Natural History 
subcircular shell of the young stages, showing about six prominent, 
radiating, irregular ribs as the principal sculpturing. Sculpturing on 
the adult consists of about six prominently elevated, radiating ridges, 
separated by narrower channels. Ribs show a tendency to divide at 
different stages of growth in some specimens. Strong, concentric, 
incremental growth lines become very coarse toward the basal margin. 
The interior is smooth with the muscle impression very deep, round, 
and situated in the posterior portion near the dorsal margin. The 
ligamental pit is robust, moderately long, roundly and deeply chan- 
neled. Length from the margin at the hinge to the distant periphery, 
90 mm. ; breadth, about 60 mm. ; thickness of a single valve, 40 mm. 
Syntypc: Left valve; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 
26, from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 446. Collected near Sespe 
Creek, five and one-half miles northeast of Wheeler's Hot Springs, 
Alt. Pinos quadrangle, Ventura County, California. Syntypc: Left 
valve; L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 422. Syntypes: Left 
valves; California Academy of Sciences type collection, type num- 
bers 2981 and 2982. A. Llewelyn Howell, collector; Temblor for- 
mation ( ?), middle Miocene. 
This new species of Ostrca may not be easily confused with any 
other known fossil forms because of its very distinctive characteris- 
tics. It bears external similarity of outline most closely to Ostrea 
vespertina Conrad, 73 but the latter' species is much thinner shelled. 
This new form also possesses a much more powerful hinge and greater 
arching of the shell than Conrad's species. It shows a slight similarity 
to 0. titan Conrad 7i and 0. titan Conrad, var. corrugata Nomland. 7 " 1 
The latter may be separated by its broader resilial pit, relatively 
smaller muscle impression, and much less prominent sculpture of the 
shell than found in the new species. Among the living forms there is 
very little resemblance to this species. So, apparently, it belonged to 
a group of forms of which there are no, or rare, living representatives. 
Named for Mr. A. L. Howell, who collected this new species for 
the writer. 
r3 U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 396, p. 77, pi. 24, figs. 4, 5, 1909. 
M Op. cit., p. 116, pi. 5, fig. 1 ; p. 126, pi. 10, fig. 5 ; p. 128, pi. 11, fig. 2, 1909. 
r5 University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 10, No. 18, p. 306, pi. 16, fig. 1 ; pi. 17, fig. 1, 1917. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 137 
section ISODONTA Fischer 
Superfamily Pectinacea Reeve 
Family PECTINIDAE Lamarck 
Genus PECTEN Miiller, 1776 
Type : Ostrea maxima Linne 
Subgenus Chlamys Bolten, 1798 
Pecten (Chlamys) erici Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 16, figure 1 
Shell of large size, subovoid in outline, subequivalve and equi- 
lateral, moderately inflated, with the right valve apparently the more 
convex. The anterior dorsal margin is not long and is straight to the 
extremity, where it is rounded to the basal margin. The latter portion 
of the shell is evenly and regularly rounded. Posterior dorsal ex- 
tremity a little more sharply convexly curved than the corresponding 
anterior portion. Posterior dorsal margin short and nearly straight, 
or slightly concave in outline. Umbones narrow and very convexly 
inflated. The sculpturing on the left valve consists of about thirty 
prominent ribs, which are rounded and closely spaced. They curve 
irregularly and a few divide near the basal margins of the shell. The 
ribs exhibit incremental sculpture only near the basal margins of the 
disk. The right valve appears to have a few less ribs but is similarly 
sculptured. The anterior ear is small ; the posterior ear is the more 
extended. The umbonal angle is less than 90 degrees. Length, 
58 mm. ; breadth, 65 mm. ; thickness of the attached valves, about 
20 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 27, collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J. U. locality 406. Collected from the west 
end of South Mountain where it is truncated by the Santa Clara 
River, in a grayish-green, firmly indurated sandstone, but a few feet 
above the river bed, two miles southwest of Santa Paula, Ventura 
County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; Yaqueros formation, 
lower Miocene. 
Among the fossil Pectens this new species is most closely resem- 
138 San Diego Society of Natural History 
bled by P. sespeensis, var. hydei Arnold, 76 but the latter is distinctive 
in possessing much longer anterior and posterior dorsal margins, 
which form a smaller umbonal angle. The varietal form is sculptured 
by nearly ten less ribs which are more subequal. The characteristic 
paired ribbing of P. sespeensis Arnold," about nine pairs in all, 
readily serves to distinguish it from the new species, which shows 
many more individual ribs. 
Found associated with this new species were : Rapana imperialis 
Hertlein and Jordan, R. scrrai Wiedey, sp. nov., Turritella inesana 
Conrad, Cardium vaquerosensis Arnold, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, 
Panope generosa Gould, Pcctcn sespeensis, var. hydei Arnold. 
This new species is named for Eric Knight Jordan whose un- 
timely death deprived West Coast paleontology of a valued scientist. 
Family SPONDYLIDAE Fleming 
Genus SPONDYLUS Linne 
Type : S. gaederopus Linne 
This tropical genus has until recently passed authentically unrecog- 
nized in the California Cenozoic strata. Arnold figured a form which 
he identified with Pectcn (Hinnites) giganteus Gray, 78 but which can 
be shown to be a Spondylus species. Very often it is difficult in the 
fossil forms, without well preserved or sufficient material, to be 
certain of the generic determination. 
Conrad described a new species of Spondylus from the Miocene 
upon the basis of a shell fragment. Gabb later declared this form to 
be synonymous with Pcctcn crassicardo Conrad and not a Spondylus 
species. 
Spondylus perrini Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 17, figures 6, 7 
Pccten (Hinnites) giganteus Gray, Eldridge and Arnold, U.S. Geological 
Survey Bulletin No. 309, pi. 32, fig. 1, 1907. Not Lima gigantea Gray, 
Annals of Philosophy, N.S., Vol. 9, p. 39, 1825. 
76 Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 50, Publication No. 1780, pi. 53, 
fig. 3, 1908. 
77 U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 47, p. 69, pi. 8, figs. 2, la, 3, 
1906. 
78 U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 309, pi. 32, fig. 1, 1907. 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 139 
Shell large, variable in shape, narrowly ovoid, very inequivalve, 
slightly inequilateral, and very strongly inflated. Anterior dorsal 
margin not long, quite straight, sharply truncated at the extremity, 
curving into the broadly rounded basal margin, which varies in the 
degree of curvature owing to the irregularity of outline of the shell. 
Posterior dorsal margin short, curving slightly from its gently 
rounded extremity to the hinge line. Umbo of the left valve of much 
greater size than the umbo of the right valve. It is long, narrow, 
highly arched, and projected very markedly over the corresponding 
feature of the right valve. Umbo of the right valve, if elevated, is 
broadly inflated and quite blunt. The beaks are strongly incurved, 
sharp, and prominent. The sculpturing consists of about twelve or 
more prominent ribs, which are rendered rugose by having small 
spines, which evidently projected sharply forward, now broken away. 
Two or more smaller ribs sculpture the very wide interspaces. Incre- 
mental sculpture prominent. The hinge line is very short and the 
ears are very subdued and not prominent. The areas adjacent to the 
ears under the umbones in the combined valves are deeply depressed. 
Length, 85 mm. ; breadth, 59 mm. ; thickness of the combined valves, 
60 mm. ; the left valve projects as much as 20 mm. over the right 
valve in some individuals. 
Holotypc: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 438, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 437. Collected from the head of 
Wiley Canyon, Pirn quadrangle, Ventura County, California. Para- 
type: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 423. J. S. McKenna 
and L. Wm. Wiedey, collectors ; Yaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new species of Spondylus is in some respects resembled by 
S. gaederopus Linne, 79 the type of the genus. It may be separated 
from that living species in being more elongate, with higher umbones, 
and possessing the depressed areas adjacent to the ears. 
Named in honor of Dr. James Perrin Smith in appreciation of 
his very highly valued assistance and encouragement. 
Spondylus inezana Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 16, figures 2, 3 
Shell very large, of variable shape, generally subcircular, inequi- 
valve to a large degree, inequilateral, and slightly to moderately 
79 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 9, pi. 3, sp. 13, 1856. 
140 San Diego Society of Natural History 
inflated in most individuals. Anterior dorsal margin often long and 
nearly straight to broadly rounded, more sharply curved at its ex- 
tremity. Basal margin broadly rounded to the posterior dorsal 
extremity, which is a little more sharply rounded. The posterior 
dorsal margin is quite broadly curved but may be straight and long. 
Umbones of subequal size, with the left valve possessing the more 
prominent umbo, which is generally moderately elevated and pro- 
jected slightly over the umbo of the right valve. Beaks in most 
forms obscured, but apparently distant, situated in the anterior por- 
tion of the shell and not prominent. The left valve is the more 
strongly convex with occasional individuals possessing a nearly flat 
right valve. Valves sculptured by about fifteen prominent radiating 
ridges, which are narrow and appear to have supported numerous 
small spines, projecting obliquely forward. The ribs are more promi- 
nent on the central parts of the valves and less distinct toward the 
dorsal margins. Between the heavier ribs is another system of rib- 
bing in the wide interspaces, consisting of a rather fine median rib 
flanked by a varying number of finer thread-like riblets, generally 
four or more. Concentric wavy lines of growth become very promi- 
nent on the older parts of the shell and assume the character of wavy 
folds in some of the old individuals. Hinge line not long; ears vary 
in size, projecting moderately on either side of the beaks. Length, 
72 mm. ; breadth, 60 mm. ; thickness of the combined valves, 45 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 29, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 437. This form was collected from 
the head of Wiley Canyon, Piru quadrangle, Ventura County, Cali- 
fornia. Paratype: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 424. J. S. 
McKenna and L. Wm. Wiedey, collectors ; Vaqueros formation, 
lower Miocene. 
This new species of Spondylus is somewhat resembled by a living 
species of the genus from the West Coast, S. crassisquama La- 
marck, 80 found living in the waters of Lower California. The fossil 
form may be distinguished from the latter by the absence of the 
broad spatulate spines, the more prominent ribbing, the less regular 
shape, and the less distinctive sculpture. 
From 5". perrini Wiedey. This new species differs in being much 
less convexly inflated and in possessing a much more circular outline. 
80 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 9, pi. 6, sp. 24, 1856. 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA M COCENE 141 
Order ANOMALODESMACEA Dall 
Superfamily Anatinacea Dall 
SECTION EUSIPHON1A 
Family PHOLADOMYACIDAE Cray 
Genus PHOLADOMYA Sowerby 
Type: P. Candida Sowerby 
Pholadomya kernensis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 17, figures 1, 2 
Shell of medium size, ovate, very inequilateral, equivalve, well 
inflated ; anterior dorsal margin short and gently rounded, dropping 
nearly vertically from the beaks ; anterior extremity bluntly rounded. 
Basal margin long, parallel with the posterior dorsal margin and 
gently convex. The posterior extremity is rounded, a little more 
sharply above than below, and is moderately gaping. The posterior 
dorsal margin is long, nearly straight, and approximately horizontal. 
Umbones prominent, broad, elevated, with the umbonal ridge distinct. 
Beaks small, situated at the anterior end of the shell, pointed, in- 
curved, and very close-set. The sculpture consists of about fifteen 
narrow, radiating ribs, more prominent on the umbones, sculpturing 
the major portion of that part of the shell. A very small anterior and 
a very large posterior part of the shell is unmarked by the ribbing. 
Surface covered by prominent, coarse, concentric waves which reach 
a fuller development over the posterior and ventral areas. The 
concentric sculpture is obscured by the radiating system of ribs on 
the umbones. The anterior dorsal margins and posterior ventral 
margins are tightly closed while the posterior dorsal margins are 
gaping. Length, 55 mm.; breadth, 30 mm.; thickness of both valves. 
30 mm. 
Holotype: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 437, from 
S.D.S.X.ii. and L.S.J.U. locality 438. SW Y A of SE % of Section 
12, T. 27 S., R. 28 E., north of Poso Creek, Kern County, California. 
B. F. Hake and Win. Kleinpell, collectors ; Temblor formation, 
middle Miocene. 
This species of Pholadomya is apparently the only Cenozoic form 
known to exist in the Tertiary of the West Coast since the occur- 
142 San Diego Society of Natural History 
rence of Plwladomya nasuta Gabb 81 in the Martinez Eocene strata 
of California. It may readily be distinguished from the latter species 
by its more quadrate form, less sharply pointed beaks, and straighter 
basal margin. The only known living member of the genus is the rare 
form, P. Candida Sowerby, S2 which it resembles in some respects, 
but from which it is easily separable by the more quadrilateral shape, 
more flattened, broader, and less prominently elevated umbones of 
the latter. 
There has been some question raised as to the possibility of this 
form being an individual derived from another formation, but the 
fragile character of the shell, coupled with its remarkably excellent 
preservation in a matrix of the formation in which it was found, to- 
gether with some of the characteristic fossils of the Temblor beds of 
that section, preclude such a possibility. 
Order TELEODESMACEA Dall 
SECTION CYCLODONTA 
Superfamily Cardiacea Lamarck 
Family CARDIIDAE Fischer 
Genus CARDIUM Linne 
Type : C. costatura Linne 
Cardium arcumbona Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 17, figure S 
Shell of moderate size, subquadrate in outline, slightly inequila- 
teral, and only gently convex. Anterior dorsal margin is concavely 
rounded under the beak and convexly rounded toward the extremity, 
with the anterior dorsal area separated from the main body of the 
shell by a distinct shoulder from the beak to the extremity. This 
area is nearly straight and is well flattened. Anterior extremity quite 
sharply rounded, with the base broadly convex ; posterior dorsal ex- 
tremity apparently moderately rounded ; posterior dorsal margin not 
long and sloping quite straight from the beak. Umbo not large, but 
81 Geology of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, p. 152, pi. 30, fig. 124, 1864. 
82 Sowerby, Genera of Fossil Shells, fascicle 19, 1823. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OK THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 143 
prominent, elevated, incurved, with a tendency to be angular. Beak 
small, slightly anterior, sharp, gently elevated, and distinctly prosogy- 
rous. The sculpture consists of about twenty broadly rounded ribs, 
wider than the interspaces. Length, about 35 mm. ; breadth, 32 mm. ; 
thickness of a single valve, about 14 mm. 
Holotypc: Left valve ; S.D. S.N.I I. type collection, type number 31, 
from S.D. S.N. II. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the east 
slope of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of 
Simmler, San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, 
collector ; Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species differs from other known forms of the West 
Coast fossil Cardiums in the possession of the distinctive flattening 
of the anterior dorsal area, anterior to the prominent shoulder in that 
part of the valve. It is somewhat resembled by C. biangiilatum Sow- 
erby, 83 but has a sharper umbo and wider spacing of the ribs. 
Collected at the same locality with this species were : Agasoma 
barkerianum Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula princeps 
Conrad, Melongena calif ornica Anderson and Martin, Turritella oco- 
yana Conrad, Chione panzana Anderson and Martin, C. temblorensis 
F. M. Anderson, dementia pertenuis Gabb, Cytherea dumblei F. M. 
Anderson, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Pecten andcrsoni Arnold. 
Cardium schencki Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 17, figures 3, 4 
Cardium vaquerosensis Arnold, Arnold, U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 
396, p. 57, pi. 9, fig. 2, 1909. Not C. vaquerosensis Arnold, Proceedings 
of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 34, p. 378, pi. 34, fig. 3, 1908. 
Shell moderately large, subcircular in outline, slightly inequilat- 
eral, and gently to quite convex. The anterior dorsal margin is not 
long, but is straight and broadly rounded at the extremity. The basal 
margin is very broadly rounded to the posterior dorsal extremity, 
which is subtruncate. Posterior dorsal margin quite long, slightly 
concave or straight in outline, with a slight concavity from the umbo 
to the outer margin of the posterior dorsal area, running from under 
the beaks to the extremity of the shell. Umbones moderately large, 
prominent, elevated, with the beaks small, sharply pointed, strongly 
incurved, and perceptibly prosogyrous. The sculpture consists of 
thirty prominent ribs of flatly rounded cross section, with narrower 
83 Conchologia Iconica, Vol. 2, pi. 6, sp. 29, 1844. 
144 Sax Diego Society of Natural History 
interspaces. Incremental sculpture obscured. The breadth of the 
shell is slightly less than the length. 
Holotypc: Catalogue No. 165598, U.S. National Museum, from the 
east flank of a high hill northeast of Oil City, in SE 34 °f NE j4 of 
Section 16, T. 19 S., R. 15 E. Paratype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
paratype number 32, from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. 
Collected in the short canyon trending west from the head of Dry 
Canyon, at the base of the east-west ridge forming the divide, two 
miles south of Calabasas, Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles 
County, California. Paratype number 431, L.S.J.U. type collection. 
L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; Temblor formation ; middle Miocene. 
It appears as if Arnold, in his paper on the paleontology of the 
Coalinga district, had confused this new species with the species 
which he at an earlier date described from the Vaqueros of the Santa 
Cruz Mountains. He erroneously declared that this new form, which 
he figured, had four more ribs than the type of the species which has 
thirty-four. Yet this form apparently has no more than thirty-three 
ribs. Comparison of descriptions, figures, and material indicates that 
the two forms here discussed cannot be conspecific. So it becomes 
necessary to propose a name for the new species. 
C. vaquerosensis Arnold can be readily distinguished from this 
new form by the more cordate appearance of the shell, sharper and 
more prominently elevated umbones, which extend considerably above 
the hinge line, and in the smaller number of ribs of the Vaqueros 
species. 
Eound associated with this species were : Bulla anglonana F. M. 
Anderson, Canccllaria condom Cooper, Murex topangensis Arnold, 
Calyptraca radians Linne, Turritclla ocoyana Conrad, Turritella 
temblorcnsis Wiedey, sp. nov., dementia pertenuis Gabb, Dosinia 
mathewsonii Gabb. 
Named for Dr. H. G. Schenck in recognition of his valued inter- 
est and aid during the preparation of this manuscript. 
WlKDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 145 
SECTION TELE< (DONTA 
Superfamily Veneracea Menke 
Family VENERIDAE Leach 
Genus DOSINIA Scopoli 
Type: D. disca Reeve 
Dosinia margaritana Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 18, figures 1, 2, 3 
Shell moderately large, subcircular in outline, equivalve, but quite 
inequilateral ; heavy and thick-set. Anterior dorsal margin short, 
straight to slightly concave, with anterior dorsal extremity rather 
sharply rounded ; basal margin quite regularly and broadly rounded. 
The posterior dorsal extremity is slightly more sharply rounded than 
is the base, while posterior dorsal margin presents only a gently con- 
vex slope, which is long. Umbones large and broadly inflated ; beaks 
small, inturned, and strongly prosogyrous, but not prominent. The 
sculpture consists of fine, rounded, narrow, concentric lines which 
are closely spaced on the umbones, but which become more widely 
separated toward the basal margin or are transformed into thread- 
like lines in that part of the disk. Lunule of moderate size, distinctly 
depressed, cordate in outline, defined by a narrow impressed suture. 
Length, 62 mm. ; breadth, 58 mm. ; thickness of both valves, 33 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 33, from 
S.D.S.X.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 436. This form was collected about 
0.4 of a mile east of La Panza on the south side of the low ridge 
forming the north wall of the shallow canyon through which the road 
from McKittrick to La Panza passes. Paratype: L.S.J.U. type col- 
lection, type number 425. M. E. Lake and L. Win. Wiedey, collec- 
tors ; Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new form has more prominent umbones and more elevated 
beaks than D. merriami Clark, 84 which in some respects is of similar 
outline. The varietal form D. merriami occidcntalis Clark 85 has less 
rotund shape and more anteriorly curved umbones than are found 
84 University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 8, No. 22, p. 460, pi. 49, figs. 1, 2; pi. 52, figs. 1, 2, 19. 
85 Op. cit., p. 462, pi. 50, fig. 1. 
146 San Diego Society of Natural History 
in the new species. The form with which the species here described 
might be most easily confused is D. mathewsonii Gabb. 86 But the 
latter is of only half tbe thickness and exhibits an extension of the 
posterior extremity not found in any of the specimens examined of 
this new species. Material from the type locality of Gabb's species 
closely conforms to the figure given by him. 
Found associated with this new species were: Crepidula princeps 
Conrad, Area osmonti Dall, dementia pertenuis Gabb, Panopc genc- 
rosa Gould, Pcctcn bowersi Arnold, P. perrini Arnold, PJiacoidcs 
acutilineatus Conrad, Spisula albaria Conrad. 
Genus CLEMENTIA Gray 
Type : Venus papyracea Gray 
Clementia inequalis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 18, figures 4, 5 
Shell of moderate size, subquadrilateral in outline, equivalve but 
very inequilateral, quite inflated and thin shelled. Anterior dorsal 
margin short and gently convex, dropping nearly vertically from tbe 
beaks ; anterior dorsal margin broadly rounded while the basal mar- 
gin exhibits a smaller degree of curvature. Tbe posterior dorsal ex- 
tremity is more sharply rounded, about the same degree above as 
below. Posterior dorsal margin long, gently convexly curving, sloping 
gradually away from the beaks. The umbones are at tbe anterior 
end of the shell, prominent, inflated, broadly convex, and gently in- 
curved. Beaks small, incurved, prosogyrous, and slightly elevated. 
The sculpture consists of concentric waves of rounded cross section 
which are more prominent on the umbones. Toward the margin of 
the disk the concentric sculpture tends to be reduced to fine concen- 
tric lines which are quite closely spaced. Occasionally fine thread-like 
lines sculpture the waves. Lunule small and only slightly sunken 
below the beaks. It is well defined and of cordate outline. Length, 
45 mm. ; breadth, 38 mm. ; thickness of the combined valves, 23 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 34, collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J. U. locality 406. This form was secured 
from the west end of South Mountain in outcropping beds along the 
Santa Clara River, a few feet above the river bed on its east bank, 
86 Geology of California, Paleontology, Vol. 2, p. 57, pi. 15, fig. 16, 1869. 
VVlEDEY VaQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 147 
two miles southwest of Santa Paula, Ventura County, California. 
Paratype: L.S.J.U. type collection, type number 426. L. Wm. 
YViedey, collector; Yaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new species can be confused with hut few known species 
of the genus dementia. It resembles in external outline most closely 
C. (dementia) dariena dariena Conrad 87 of the middle .Miocene of 
Colombia, but has straighter posterior ventral and dorsal margins 
with a much more broadly rounded dorsal extremity than the South 
American species. It differs from the common Tertiary form from 
California, C. (Egesta) pertcnuis Gabb, 88 in being much more inequi- 
lateral, in having a much shorter anterior dorsal margin, smaller an- 
terior dorsal area, and beaks less markedly separated from the main 
body of the shell. 
Found occuring with this species were: Rapana imperialis Hert- 
lein and Jordan, R. vaquerosensis Arnold, Turritella inezana Conrad, 
Cardinal vaquerosensis Arnold, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Panope 
generosa Gould, Peeten sespeensis hydei Arnold. 
Clementia (?) elongata Wiedey, sp. now 
Plate 18, figure 6 
Shell of moderately large size, thin, ovoid in outline, distinctly 
inequilateral, and only gently inflated. Anterior dorsal margin short 
and sloping concavely away from the beak to the extremity, which 
is sharply rounded above, less so below. The basal margin is very 
gently convexly rounded to the posterior dorsal extremity, which is 
broadly rounded. The posterior dorsal margin is nearly straight and 
slopes gradually away from the beak. Umbo not large, but promi- 
nent, convexly rounded, and slightly elevated. Beak small, sharp, 
elevated, and strongly prosogyrous. The sculpture consists of con- 
centric waves, which are regularly rounded and separated by inter- 
spaces of about the same width, similarly rounded. Toward the basal 
margin the sculpture is much weaker than on the umbo. Lunule ap- 
parently shallow and not large. Length, 56 mm. ; breadth, 42 mm. ; 
thickness of a single valve, 12 mm. 
Holotype: Left valve ; S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 35, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the east 
87 U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper No. 147, part C, p. 34, pi. 14, figs. 
6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. 1926. 
88 Op. cit., p. 40, pi. 16, figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 
148 San Diego Society of Natural History 
slope of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of 
Simmler, San Luis Obispo County, California. Merrill E. Lake, col- 
lector ; Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This rather distinctive form, which bears a closer resemblance to 
the genus dementia than to any other genus to which it might be 
assigned, because of its shape, thin shell, and characteristic sculpture, 
differs from other known species of dementia in being very ex- 
tended anteriorly and posteriorly, in having a moderately long straight 
ventral margin, and in having the beak greatly elevated, sharp, and 
separated from the main body of the shell. It is here tentatively as- 
signed to this genus because of the similarities noted above. 
Found associated were: Agasoma barkerianum Cooper, Anti- 
planes piercei Arnold, Crepidula princeps Conrad, Melongena cali- 
fornica Anderson and Martin, Turritella ocoyana Conrad, Chione 
panzana Anderson and Martin, C. temblorensis F. M. Anderson, 
dementia pertenuis Gabb, Cytherea dumblei F. M. Anderson, Dosi- 
nia mathewsonii Gabb, Peeteu andersoni Arnold. 
Superfamily Tellinacea Blainville 
Family TELLINIDAE Deshayes 
Genus TELLINA (Linne) Lamarck 
Type : T. virgata Linne 
Tellina oldroydi Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 19, figure 3 
Shell of large size, elongate, and subovate in outline, slightly in- 
equivalve, perceptibly inequilateral, gently inflated, and thin shelled. 
Anterior dorsal margin long, nearly straight, or slightly convex ; an- 
terior dorsal extremity quite sharply rounded, with the basal margin 
regularly but very broadly rounded. The posterior dorsal extremity 
is subtruncate, with the margin sloping straight from the beaks at 
an angle similar to that taken by the anterior dorsal margin. Pos- 
terior end gaping and twisted to the right. Lmibones not large and 
only gently elevated. The beaks are situated in the posterior portion 
of the shell, inturned, and pointed posteriorly. The shell is smooth 
but for the concentric, incremental lines of growth. The posterior 
portion of the right valve shows a depressed area separated from the 
WlEDEY — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOH OF III E ( )ALIFORN I a M [OCENE 149 
main body of the shell by a distinct shoulder, which passes from the 
heaks to the posterior extremity. ( hi the left valve in the position 
of the shoulder on the opposite valve, a faint sulcus is developed. 
Length, 68 mm. ; breadth, 48 mm. ; thickness of both valves, 20 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H type collection, type number 36, from 
S. D.S.N. H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. Collected from the canyon 
trending west from the head of Dry Canyon, at the base of the east- 
west ridge forming the divide, two miles south of Calabasas, Santa 
Monica Mountains, Los Angeles County, California. L. Win. Wiedey, 
collector; Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
The form, T. nevadensis Anderson and Martin, 89 of the Temblor, 
while similar to this new species, is more elongate anteriorly, less 
elongate posteriorly, and has a more sharply rounded anterior ex- 
tremity. Among the living forms it is resembled by T. In tea Gray, 90 
living in Alaska, but possesses a straighter ventral margin, a less 
elongate posterior extremity, and a greater thickness than that liv- 
ing form. 
Found occurring with this species were: Bulla cantua'ensis Ander- 
son and Martin, Cancellaria condoni Cooper, Murex topangensis 
Arnold. Calyptraca radians Linne, Turrit ella ocoyana Conrad, T. 
temblorensis Wiedey. sp. nov., dementia pertenuis Gabb, Dosinia 
mathewsanii Gabb. 
Xamed for Mrs. I. S. Oldroyd, whose assistance in comparison of 
the recent shells has aided frequently in the study of the fossil forms. 
Genus MACOMA Leach, 1819 
Type: M. tenera Leach 
Macoma copelandi Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 19, figure 2 
Shell of small size, subovate in outline, distinctly inequi valve, very 
inequilateral, and quite inflated. Anterior dorsal margin long, sloping 
at a very low angle from the beaks and gently convex in contour. 
The anterior dorsal extremity is regularly but more sharply rounded. 
89 Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th ser.. Vol. 4, No. 3, 
p. 61, pi. 2, figs. 3a, 3b, 3c, 1914. 
90 Conchologia Inconica, Vol. 17, pi. 19, sp. 97a, 97b, 1870. 
150 San Diego Society of Natural History 
The basal margin is gently rounded. Posterior dorsal extremity 
sharply truncated and twisted with the posterior dorsal margin nearly 
straight, but sloping away quite sharply from the beaks. Umbones 
elevated, prominent, and sharp, more markedly on the right than on 
the left valve ; beaks prominent, elevated slightly, adjacent, inturned, 
and sharp. A faint fold passes from the beak on the right valve to 
the posterior dorsal extremity, in front of which there is a distinct 
depression. The posterior end of the shell is turned to the right and 
is more apparent on the right than on the left valve, since the left 
valve is broadly convex and shows no folding. Strong concentric in- 
cremental lines of growth are the only visible sculpture. Length, 30 
mm. ; breadth, 20 mm. ; thickness of the attached valves, 10 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 37, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the east slope 
of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of Simmler, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector ; 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species of Macoma is differentiated from its resemblant 
form, M. indentata Carpenter, var. tenuirostris Dall, 91 in being longer, 
more inflated anteriorly, and in lacking the prominent shoulder found 
in the posterior portion of the varietal form. It is resembled in some 
respects by M. andcrsoni Clark, 92 but is more elongate and much more 
inequilateral. 
Found associated with this new species were : Agasoma barkeri- 
ainim Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula princcps Conrad, 
Melongena calif ornica Anderson and Martin, Turritella ocoyana Con- 
rad, Chione panzana Anderson and Martin, C. temblorensis F. M. 
Anderson, dementia pertcnuis Gabb, CytJicrea dumblei F. M. Ander- 
son, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Pcctcn andcrsoni Arnold. 
Xamed for Mr. G. Copeland Williams in recognition of his valued 
interest in this work. 
Macoma panzana Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 19, figure 1 
Shell of this species large, of subcircular outline, slightly inequi- 
lateral, thin shelled, and well inflated. Anterior dorsal margin gently 
91 Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, Vol. 23, p. 309, 1901. 
92 University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of 
Geology, Vol. 8, No. 22, p. 473, pi. 61, fig. 12, 1915. 
WlEDEY VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 151 
convexly rounded, sloping quite sharply downward from the beak to 
the extremity, where it is very broadly rounded. The basal margin 
is broadly convex to the posterior dorsal extremity, which is trun- 
cated. The posterior dorsal margin slopes nearly straight down from 
the beak to the extremity. Umbo rather large, inflated, prominently 
rounded, and broad ; beak small, slightly elevated, inconspicuous, and 
situated slightly posterior to the middle of the valve. A moderately 
sharp fold, in front of which, on the main body of the shell, there is 
a slightly depressed area, extends from the beak to the posterior dor- 
sal extremity. Concentric incremental lines of growth form the only 
sculpturing. Length, 60 mm. ; breadth, 53 mm. ; thickness of the 
single valve, 1 1 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 38, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from the east slope 
of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of Simmler, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. Wiedey, collector; 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
This unusually broadly rounded species of Macoma is approached 
most clearly in the similarity by M. sccta Conrad, var. edulis Nuttall, 
a living form from the California coast, but lacks the prominent fold 
on the posterior portion with the flaring area posterior to it. This 
new species is more broadly rounded in outline than M. secta Con- 
rad 93 and lacks the large area posterior to the beaks found in that 
species. 
Superfamily Mactracea Gray 
Family MACTRIDAE Gray 
Genus SPISULA Gray 
Type: Mactra solida (Linne) Gray, 1847 
Spisula abbotti Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 19, figures 4, 5 
Shell moderate in size, subtriangular in outline, equivalve, inequi- 
lateral, thick-set, well inflated, and possesses a heavy shell. The an- 
93 U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 396, p. 146, pi. 20, fig. 1, 1909. 
152 San Diego Society of Natural History 
terior dorsal margin is long, gently concave, and slopes sharply away 
from the beaks to the anterior dorsal extremity, which is quite ab- 
ruptly rounded. Basal margin regularly slightly rounded ; posterior 
dorsal margin moderately long and sloping quickly away from the 
beaks, being slightly concave in contour. The posterior dorsal ex- 
tremity is less sharply rounded than is the corresponding anterior 
portion. Umbones very large, prominent, inflated, incurved, exhibit- 
ing no distinct umbonal ridge. Beaks moderately large, situated in 
the anterior portion of the shell, elevated, and slightly prosogyrous. 
The posterior portion of the shell is the more inflated and the point 
of greatest thickness falls well up on the valves, just posterior to the 
beaks. In the attached valves the posterior dorsal areas form together 
a flattened area which is broad and bounded by sharply rounded, 
though not angular, shoulders in that portion of the shell. Length, 
58 mm. ; breadth, 42 mm. ; thickness of the attached valve, 31 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 39, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 440. Collected two miles northwest 
of the power house at the mouth of Kern Canyon, Kern County, 
California. \Y. C. Mendenhall, collector; Temblor formation, middle 
Miocene. 
This species of Spisula is resembled by the common fossil species, 
S. albaria Conrad,' 14 but has a much sharper anterior dorsal extremity, 
longer, more gently sloping anterior dorsal margin, with sharper um- 
bones than the latter form. Among the living forms it is most closely 
approximated by S. planulata Conrad, 95 but it is thicker, higher, more 
equilateral and with a sharper anterior dorsal extremity than the liv- 
ing species. 
This new species is named in honor of Mr. C. G. Abbott, whose 
great interest in natural history is recognized. 
Spisula granti Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 20, figures 2, 3 
Shell thick and of large size and subtrigonal in outline ; equivalve, 
equilateral, well inflated. Anterior dorsal margin of moderate length, 
04 U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 59, append. 1, p. 150, fig. 4, 1909. 
95 Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Vol. 7, p. 240, 
1837. 
W'ikdkv — Vaqueros and Tkmblor of the California M [ocene 15.1 
sloping away from the beaks rather sharply, either straight or gently 
concave in contour. The anterior dorsal extremity is more sharply 
rounded above than below. The basal margin is regularly and broadly 
rounded to the posterior dorsal extremity, which is rather more 
sharply rounded. Posterior dorsal margin nearly straight, sloping at 
an angle similar to that assumed by the corresponding anterior fea- 
ture. Cmbones prominent, sharply convexly inflated and elevated 
without a distinct umbonal ridge ; beaks large, blunt, strongly in- 
turned, adjacent, and situated equidistantly from either extremity of 
the shell. The sculpture consists of concentric incremental lines 
which are fine and close-set. Lunule obscured but apparently not 
deep, but cordate in outline and of moderate size. The ligament is in 
a shallow excavated groove which is about half the length of the 
posterior dorsal margin. Two poorly defined ridges outline the pos- 
terior area of the shell and extend to the posterior extremity, but do 
not markedly separate this area from the main body of the shell. 
Length, 68 mm. ; breadth, 57 mm. ; thickness of attached valves, 
35 mm. 
Holotypc: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 40, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 200. Collected from the SE y A of 
Section 9, T. 20 S., R. 6 E., in the Junipero Serra quadrangle on the 
east side of Vaqueros Creek, Monterey County, California. L. Wm. 
Wiedey, collector ; Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
This new species of Spisula is resembled by S. albaria Conrad, 96 
but lacks the truncation of the posterior extremity and the very sharp 
rounding of the anterior extremity of that species. It apparently is 
thinner than Conrad's type. This new fossil form is in some respects 
resembled by 5. falcata Gould, 97 now living in the Gulf of California, 
from which it differs in its greater thickness, greater proportionate 
height, and more prominent umbones. 
Found occurring with this species were : Rapana vaquerosensis 
Arnold, Turritella inesana Conrad, Cardinal vaquerosensis Arnold, 
Chione sp. (large, sp. undet.), Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb. 
This new species is named in recognition of the great aid and 
encouragement given the writer by Mr. U. S. Grant IV. 
96 U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper 59, append. 1, p. 150, tig. 4, 1909 
97 Stanford University Publications, University Series, Geological Sciences, 
Vol. 1, No. 1, p. 195, pi. 20, figs. 1, 2, 3, 1924. 
154 San Diego Society of Natural History 
section asthenodonta 
Superfamily Myacea Menke 
Family SAXICAVIDAE Gray 
Genus PANOPE Menard, 1807 
Type : Mya glycimeris Born 
Panope tenuis Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 20, figure 4 
Shell large, elongate-ovate in outline, apparently equivalve, very 
inequilateral, and of thinly cordate cross section. Anterior dorsal 
margin short and sloping gently from the beaks, slightly convex in 
contour ; anterior dorsal extremity broadly and evenly rounded with 
the basal margin very long and nearly straight. Posterior extremity 
widely gaping and broadly rounded below ; posterior dorsal margin 
long and very slightly concave. Umbones not large but slightly 
elevated and strongly inturned. Beaks small, adjacent, situated in the 
anterior portion of the shell, slightly prosogyrous, and not prominent. 
The sculpture consists of concentric waves of rounded cross section, 
finer on the umbones than on the outer margins of the shell, where 
they have a tendency to become but irregularly spaced ridges. Fine 
thread-like incremental lines of growth mark the shell concentrically, 
more prominently on the dorsal areas. Shell quite thin. The greatest 
convexity of the form occurs just posterior to the beaks, less than 
midway between the ventral and dorsal margins, closer to the latter. 
Length, 128 mm. ; breadth, 60 mm. ; thickness of the attached valves, 
about 50 mm. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 41, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 432. Collected from the east side 
of the first ridge west of Syncline Hill, two miles west of Simmler, 
San Luis Obispo County, California. M. E. Lake, collector; Temblor 
formation, middle Miocene. 
This new species of Panope is somewhat resembled by the com- 
mon living form, P. gencrosa Gould, 98 which ranges back to the 
Oligocene, but lacks the great breadth of shell found in that living 
species. The very inequilateral form of this new species is a dis- 
98 U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin No. 396, p. 142, pi. 18, fig. 4, 1909. 
WlEDEV — VAQUEROS AND TEMBLOR OF THE CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 155 
tinctive characteristic and serves as a means of separating it from 
/'. ramonensis Clark,'"-' a fossil species from the San Lorenzo forma- 
tion of Oligocene age. This new form is to be distinguished from 
P. estrellanus Conrad luu by the latter's more equilateral shape with 
greater breadth compared to its length. While the type has been 
slightly crushed, its form has not been distorted and its original 
character not obscured. 
Found occurring with this new species were: Agasoma bar- 
kerianum Cooper, Antiplanes piercei Arnold, Crepidula prmceps 
Conrad, Melongena californica Anderson and Martin, Turritella oco- 
yana Conrad, Chione pansana Anderson and Martin, C. temblorensis 
F. M. Anderson, dementia pertennis Gabb, Cytherea dumblei F. M. 
Anderson, Dosinia mathewsonii Gabb, Pecten andersoni Arnold. 
Subkingdom VERMES 
CLASS ANNELIDA 
Order POLYCHAETA 
Suborder Tubicola 
Genus SERPULA Linne 
Serpula careyi Wiedey, sp. nov. 
Plate 20, figure 1 
Individuals of this new species of worm tubes are generally be- 
tween two and three millimeters in diameter and attain lengths of 
over eighty millimeters. The tests are probably not sculptured but 
are rough to a slight degree on the surface and are thin. They are 
not straight but curve slightly, in rare cases they may curve sharply. 
They are often matted closely together in the rock and have their 
interiors filled with some foreign material. 
Holotype: S.D.S.N.H. type collection, type number 42, collected 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 439. This form was collected 
from a piece of float at the confluence of Cantinas Creek with the 
99 University of California Publications, Bulletin of the Department of Geo- 
logical Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 4, p. 106, pi. 10, figs. 2, 3, 1924. 
ioo Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. 7, p. 194, pi. 7, fig. 5, 1857. 
156 San Diego Society of Natural History 
Nacimiento River, San Luis Obispo County, California. L. Wm. 
Wiedey, collector ; Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
These featureless forms of low order of animal life are apparently 
not agglutinated forms, as those described by Dall 101 from the Astoria 
beds of Oregon, of Miocene age. Nor are they as large and massive 
or compact as those described by Dall. Because of the indistinctive 
character of this type of fossil, it is extremely difficult to be certain 
of its systematic position. It is, however, assigned here tentatively 
in the manner considered most expedient. 
101 U.S. Geological Survey, Professional Paper No. 59, p. 138, pi. 20, figs. 1, 2, 
1909. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES 
158 San Diego Society of Natural History 
PLATE 9 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Architectonic a compressa Wiedey, sp. nov 109 
X \y 2 . Holotype No. 12, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 428. Collected two miles 
southeast of El Modena, Orange County, California. Temblor 
formation, middle Miocene. 
2. Architectonica compressa Wiedey, sp. nov 109 
X \y 2 . Umbilical view of figure 1. 
3. Conns jnanensis Wiedey, sp. nov 123 
Natural size. Holotype No. 16, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected from 
eastern San Luis Obispo County, California. Temblor forma- 
tion, middle Miocene. 
4. Rapana serrai Wiedey, sp. nov 116 
Natural size. Holotype No. 13, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 442. Collected in the 
Nacimiento River region of San Luis Obispo County, Cali- 
fornia. Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
5. Rapana serrai Wiedey, sp. nov 116 
Natural size. Apertural view of figure 4. 
6. Rapana serrai Wiedey, sp. nov 116 
Natural size. Back view of figure 4. 
W'ih'iy \ \(uiK(i> knd Temblor of rHE California Miocenb 
I 'I Ml 9 
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PLATE 10 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Turrit ella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 47, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected in east- 
ern San Luis Obispo County, California. Temblor formation, 
middle Miocene. 
2. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size reproduction of one of the type figures of the 
species given by Conrad. 
3. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 43, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. 
4. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size reproduction of another of the type figures of 
the species given by Conrad. 
5. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size reproduction of what is probably the reverse of 
figure 4, given by Conrad along with figures 2 and 4. 
6. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size. Rephotograph of the holotype of T. wittichi 
Hertlein and Jordan. This form is considered intermediate 
between T. bosei Hertlein and Jordan and T. ocoyana Conrad, 
but more closely allied to the latter. 
7. Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 44, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 442. Collected at 
Barker's Ranch, Kern County, California. Temblor formation, 
middle Miocene. This form is intermediate between T. oco- 
yana Conrad and T. bosei Hertlein and Jordan, but more 
closely allied to the latter. 
8. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size. Collected in Lower California. Figured to show 
some of the characteristics of T. bosei Hertlein and Jordan 
and T. ocoyana Conrad in the same individual. It is appar- 
ently closer to the latter species. 
9. Turritella ocoyana Conrad 120 
Natural size reproduction of one of the type figures of the 
species given by Conrad. 
WlEDEV VaQI EROS \NI> TEMBLOR 01 I Mi: CALIFORNIA MlOCENE 
LATE 10 
OCR text unavailable for this page.OCR text unavailable for this page.162 San Diego Society of Natural History 
PLATE 11 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 45, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J .U. locality 428. Collected two 
miles southeast of El Modena, Orange County, California. 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
2. Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 46, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. 
3. Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 427, L.S.J. U. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.SJ.U. locality 442. Collected at 
Barker's Ranch, Kern County, California. Temblor forma- 
tion, middle Miocene. This individual shows the aperture 
and variation found in the species. 
4. Turritella teiubloreusis Wiedey, sp. nov 122 
Natural size. Syntype No. IS. S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. Collected from a 
tributary of Dry Canyon, two miles south of Calabasas, Los 
Angeles County, California. Temblor formation, middle Mio- 
cene. 
5. Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 428, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from the same locality as figures 1 and 2. 
(). Turritella bosei Hertlein and Jordan 117 
X %. Rephotograph of the syntype, from Lower California, 
now in the L.S.J.U. type collection, for the purposes of com- 
paring with other figured individuals. Gerontic whorls of the 
syntype show similarity to whorls of T. ocoyana Conrad. 
7. Turritella temblor ensis Wiedey, sp. nov 122 
Natural size reproduction of a form figured by Arnold as 
T. variata Conrad. 
8. Turritella tcmbloreusis Wiedey, sp. nov 122 
Natural size reproduction of another form figured with figure 
7 as T. ocoyana Conrad. 
9. Turritella teiubloreusis Wiedey, sp. nov 122 
Natural size. Syntype No. 419, L.S.J.U. type collection, from 
the same locality as figure 4. 
W'ikih-y Vaqueros ami Temblor of the California Mioi ene 
Plate 11 
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PLATE 12 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Turritella inezana Conrad, var. pertumida Wiedey, var. nov. 119 
Natural size. Holotype No. 14, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 441. Collected from 
Corral de Piedra, five miles east of San Luis Obispo, San 
Luis Obispo County, California. Vaqueros formation, lower 
Miocene. 
2. Turritella inezana Conrad 119 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 48, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. Typical of the species. 
3. Turritella inezana Conrad 1 19 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 429, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from the same locality as figures 1 and 2. Indicates the di- 
rection and amount of variation of the species. 
4. 'Turritella inezana Conrad, var. sespeensis Arnold 121 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 49, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 445. Collected from 
Squaw Flat, Sespe Oil district, Ventura County, California. 
Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. The individual figured 
is a far better specimen than the type (which seemingly was 
figured upside down), collected from near the type locality. 
5. Turritella variata Conrad 120 
Natural size reproduction of the type figure of the species 
given by Conrad. It shows the tendency toward tabulation of 
the top of the whorl. 
6. Turritella inezana Conrad, var. pertumida Wiedey, var. nov.. 119 
Natural size. Paratype No. 418, L.S.J.U. type collection, from 
the same locality as figure 1. 
7. Turritella inezana Conrad 119 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 430, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. Shows the tendency to- 
ward nearly flat sided whorls. 
8. Turritella variata Conrad 120 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. SO, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. Shows the heavily sculp- 
tured, strongly tabulate topped whorls, considered typical of 
the species. 
W'iiiu.y Vaqueros and Temblor of rHE California Miocene 
Plate 12 
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PLATE 13 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Area scspcoisis Wiedey, sp. nov 125 
Natural size. Holotype No. 17, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 407. Collected from 
the mouth of the Little Sespe Creek, north of Fillmore, Ven- 
tura County, California. Vaqueros formation, lower Miocene. 
2. Area hamelini Wiedey, sp. nov 126 
Natural size. Holotype No. 18, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 1. 
3. Area rivulata Wiedey, sp. nov 128 
Natural size. Holotype No. 20, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 432. Collected in 
eastern San Luis Obispo County, California. Temblor forma- 
tion, middle Miocene. 
4. Area lakei Wiedey, sp. nov : 127 
Natural size. Holotype No. 19, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from the same locality as figure 3. 
5. Area lakci Wiedey, sp. nov 127 
Natural size. Full view of the form illustrated in figure 4. 
6. Area perdisparis Wiedey, sp. nov 131 
Natural size. Holotype No. 23, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 443, from the same 
locality as figure 1, plate 14. 
7. Area abispoana Conrad 131 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 432, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 445. Collected from 
Wagon Wheel Mountain, Kern County, California. Temblor 
formation, middle Miocene. This specimen is figured to illus- 
trate the characteristics of Conrad's species, which has been 
quite disregarded. 
8. Area galei Wiedey, sp. nov 129 
Natural size. Holotype No. 21, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 427. Collected from 
Benedict Canyon, Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles 
County, California. Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
9. Area procumbens Wiedey, sp. nov 132 
Natural size. Top view of the combined valves of this species, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 444. Collected five 
miles north of Yaquina Head, Lincoln County, Oregon. Mid- 
dle ( ?) Miocene. 
10. Area procumbens Wiedey, sp. nov 132 
Natural size. Syntype No. 24, left valve, S.D.S.N.H. type 
collection, from the same locality as figure 9. 
11. Area procumbens Wiedey, sp. nov 132 
Natural size. Syntype No. 420, L.S.J.U. type collection, from 
the same locality as figures 9, 10. 
W'ikdkv — Vaqueros and Temblor of the California Mio< enb 
Plate 13 
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PLATE 14 
FIGURE PAGE 
1. Area perdisparis Wiedey, sp. nov 131 
Natural size. Plesiotype No. 433, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 443. Collected three- 
quarters of a mile southwest of Zayante Station, Monterey 
County, California. These casts are apparently variants of this 
variable species. Monterey formation, middle Miocene. 
2. . lica impavida Wiedey, sp. nov 130 
Natural size. Holotype No. 436, L.S.J.U. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 442. Collected at the 
Barker Ranch locality of Kern County, California. Temblor 
formation, middle Miocene. 
3. Area impavida Wiedey, sp. nov 130 
Natural size. Full view of the individual, figure 1. 
4. Ptcria Jordan i Wiedev, sp. nov 134 
* 
X y A . Holotype No. 25, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. Collected from a small 
canyon which trends westward from the head of Dry Canyon, 
two miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County, California. 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene. 
W'ikdkv -Vaqueros and Temblor ob mi California Miocens 
A I 
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PLATE 15 
FIGURE _ PAGE 
1. Ostrea howelli Wiedey, sp. nov 135 
Natural size. Holotype No. 26, S.D.S.N.H. type collection, 
from S.D.S.N.H and L.S.J.U. locality 446. Collected from a 
locality in the Mt. Pinos quadrangle, five and one-half miles 
northeast of Wheeler's Hot Springs, Ventura County, Califor- 
nia. Middle (?) or upper (?) Miocene. 
2. Ostrea howelli Wiedey, sp. nov 135 
Natural size. Interior aspect of the individual, figure 1. 
3. Pteria jordani Wiedey, sp. nov 134 
X %. Paratype No. 421, L.S.J.U. type collection, from 
S.D.S.N.H. and L.S.J.U. locality 425. Collected from a small 
canyon which trends westward from the head of Dry Canyon, 
two miles south of Calabasas, Los Angeles County, California. 
Temblor formation, middle Miocene.