THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENCE BULLETIN Vol. XLVI Pages 753-936 Jan. 6, 1967 No. 21 A Revision of the Bee Genus Calliopsis and the Biology and Ecology of C. andreniformis (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae)^ Alvin F. Shinn" ABSTRACT This is a taxonomic revision of the bee genus Calliopsis; information concerning distribution and biology is incorporated in the treatment of each species. Calliopsis occurs throughout North and Central America from southern Canada to southern Panama. Four subgenera are recognized, including one new one: Callopsima. Thirty-eight species are included. One species is placed in synonymy; one is removed from synonymy; one is left as a nomen nudum; one is declared a nomen dubium; and two are transferred to other genera. About 7,000 specimens were examined. Twenty-four new species are described: C. granti, C. mourei, C. penmsularts, C. sonora, C. empelia, C. zora, C. helenae , C. rogeri, C. syphar, C. limbus, C. gilva, C. fulgida, C. yalea, C. rozeni, C. pectidis, C. timberlal{ei, C. unca, C. azteca, C. crypta, C. deserticola, C. hurdi, C. quadiidentata, C. \ucalumea, and C. micheneri. The biology and ecology of Calliopsis andreniformis were studied intensively at nesting sites in Lawrence, Kansas, and auxiliary observations were made on the species at Nacogdoches, Texas. It is primarily a summer bee which is active from May to September, and it forages mostly on legumes, especially alfalfa and clovers. It passes the winter underground as a prepupa. Emergence is in May about two weeks after the start of transformation to the pupa. Females typically make nest burrows in hard-packed clayey soil near or among clovers, and excavated soil is left as a closed mound on top of each burrow. The finished nest burrow of the fe-male is a slanting, winding tunnel with one to ten short lateral burrows radiating around it at successively deeper levels. Each lateral burrow ends in a polished, waxed cell containing a spherical pollen ball within a thin, transparent membrane. ^Contribution number 1324 from the Department of Entomology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence. 'Present address: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.
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