22 Specimen of the Botany of New Zealand, most probable, they must have been so small, so membrana- ceous, so soft, and so rudimentary, as almost to be useless to the animals for locomotion. The mouth, so analogous to that ofApuSy makes us imagine that theTrilobites were carnivorous; and they may possibly have fed on Acrita, Annelida, or naked Mollusca, That they had to search for their food, and that they possessed some small power of locomotion, is to be in- ferred from their highly organized eyes ; for no truly sessile animal is provided with sight. The Balanus, when it becomes sedentary, loses its eyes, as does also, in like case, the female Coccus, I imagine, therefore, that although the Trilobites were to a certain degree sedentary, more particularly the blind ones, they must have had some power of crawling over a flat surface ; but whether they moved by rudimentary, soft, mem- branaceous feet, or whether it was by means of the undula- tion of setigerous segments, like the earth-worm, or by wrin- kling the under surface of the abdomen like a Chiton, are ques- tions yet to be determined. One thing, moreover, is in my opinion clear, from their longitudinally trilobed form and la- teral coriaceous margin ; namely, that they had the power of adhering to a flat surface, like a Chiton, Bopyrus, or Coccus, While thus sedentary, the hard, although thin dorsal shell, probably saved them in some degree from the attacks of fishes, just as that of Chiton protects such Mollusca from all fishes except the Scaridce, The Trilobites probably, like Ostrece, Chitones, Cocci, and other sedentary animals, adhered in masses one upon the other, and thus formed those conglome- rations of individuals which are so remarkable in certain rocks. IV. — Flora Insularum Nov(S Zelandice Precursor; or a Spe- cimen of the Botany of the Islands of New Zealand, By Allan Cunningham, Esq. [Continued from vol. iii. p. 319.] TILIACE^,/m55. Entelea, R. Br., Juss. Calyx 4i — 5 phylkis. Petala 4. Stamina indefinita uniformia, Antheris subrotundisincumbentibus. Stigma denticiilatum. Capsida sphseroidea, echinata, G-locularis, semi 6-vaIvi3, polysperma. Specimen of the Botany of New Zealand. 23 601. E. arhorescens. 72. 5r. Mss. J5o^ ilfa^r. 2480.— Apeiba australis. A, Rich. FL Nov. Zel. p. 301. t. 34.— Corchorus Sloanoides. Sol. Ms. in Bihl, Banks. Whau or Iwau, indig. R. C. New Zealand (Northern Island).— 1769, Sir Jos. Banks. Shores of the Bay of Islands. — 1826, A. Cunningham. Arhuscula 12 — 15 pedalis, ramis teretibus pubescentibus. Folia alterna, longe petiolata, palmaria, subcordata, palmato 3 — 5 loba, insequaliter eroso- dentata, prsesertim subtus pubescentia, pilis densis stellatis. StiptdcB binae, lanceolatse deciduae. Flores in racemum brevem, pauciflorum, peduncula- tum dispositi. ELiEOCARPEiE, Juss. 1. El^ocarpus, L. {Dicera, Forst.) 602. E. Hinau ; foliis petiolatis alternis oblongis subacuminatis obtusis basi sensim attenuatis dentato-serratis subter pube adpressa sericeis venosis, in venarum axillis ssepe saccato-foveolatis, racemis simplicibus axillaribus folio brevioribus, petiolis trilobatis, drupis ovatis, niicleo sulcato. — E. den- tatus. Fa7i/.%»26, iii.^. 67.— Dicera dentata. Forst. Prodr. n. 226. DC. Prodr. i. p. 520. A. Rich. FL Nov. Zel. p. 303. Hinau ab incolis vulgo nominatur. New Zealand (Northern Island).— 1769, Sir Jos. Banks. Frequent in the forests of Wangaroa, Hokianga, &c. — 1826, A. Cunningham. (Middle Island.) Shores of Queen Charlotte's Sound.— 1773, G. Forster, Arbor procera, 50 — 60 pedalis ; rami teretes, patentes ; cortice brunneo- griseo. Folia alterna, oblonga, vel ovato-lanceolata, dentato-serrata, coriacea glabra, patentia, petiolata, subtus tenuissime sericea, pulchre reticulato-ve- nosa, et in axillis venorum saepe profunde foveolata. Racemi axillares sim- plicissimi, palmares, laxiflores, folio breviores. Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acutis villosis sequalibus patentibus. Petala alba, oblongo- dilatata, 3-lobata, 3-nervia, unguiculata, lobis oblongis obtusis undulatis in- termedio longiore. Stamina circiter 15 — 20. Anther cb lineares, teretiusculo- tetragonae, villoso-scabrae, 2-loculares, filamentis longiores, apice 2-valves dehiscentes, valva unica aristata, altera breviore reflexa. Discus hypogynus 5-glandulosuS; glandulis basi bifidis extus sericeis. Ovarium superum coni- cum sericeum 5-loculare. Stylus subulatus. Stigma simplex. Drupa nu- cleo sulcato 5-loculare ? loculis 4 plerumque abortivis. The wood of the Hinau is remarkable for its whiteness, but it is almost useless on account of the way in which it splits, when exposed either to wet or warmth. Its chief use is that it makes an excellent dye, either a light brown, puce or dark black, not removeable by wash- ing. The natives employ it (that is the outer skin of the bark) for the purpose of dyeing the black threads of their garments. — Yates*s Neiv Zealand, p. 49. 2. Friesia, DC. Calyx profunde 4-partitus, foliolis aequalibus ovatis. Petala 4, cuneata, 24 Specimen of the Botany of New Zealand, subungniculata, apice triloba. Discus glandulosiis. Stamina circiter 12. Anther (B cordato-oblongse, muticas, 2-loculares, poris sub apice debiscentes. Stylus leviter sulcatus, apice 2-vel 4-fidus. Bacca sicca, fragilis, 4-locularis, loculis dispermis. Seniina angulata subtriquetra, testa atra nitida, rugosa, Crustacea. 603. F. racemosa, foliis (oppositis) cordato-ovatis acuminatis petiolatis ingequaliter serratis flaccidis venosis, racemis compositis subpaniculatis pa- tentibus axillaribus ramulisque villosis. — Dicera ? serrata. Forst. Prodr. n. 227. DC. Prodr. i. p. 520. A. Rich. Fl. Nov. Zel. p. 304.— Elseocarpus Di- cera. Vahl. Symh. in. p. 67. Maho-Mako of tbe natives. R. C. New Zealand (Northern Island). — 1769, ^^V Jos. Panics. Shady forests and margins of running streams, shores of the Bay of Islands, and elsewhere on the east coast where it usually flowers in Oct. and Nov. — 1 826, A. Cun- ningham. (Middle Island.) — 1773, G. Forster. Arhuseula erecta pulcherrima, 12 — 15 pedal is : rami paten tes, teretes, suboppositi. Folia membranacea, minute reticulato-venosa, juniora vavie violacea pui-purascentique picta. Flores in racemos patentes dispositi. Calyx villosus ciliatus. Petala albido-rosea vel purpurascentia, sepalis al- terna. Filamenta staminum cinereo-villosa. Stylus deciduus. STERCULIACE^, Kunth. Endl {BomhacecB, D.C?) Plagianthus, Forst. Flores hermaphroditi. Calyx subhaemisphsericus 5-fidus aut dentatus, persistens. Petala 5, cum tubo staminum unita. Stamina 10 — 12, fila- lamenta in tubum cylindraceum unitum. Pistillum solitarium. Ovarium ovatum, 1 — 2 ovulatum, ovuiis suspensis. Stylus crassiusculus. Stigma magnum bilobum, hinc decurrens, papillosum. Capsula subdrupacea 1 — 2 cocca, apiculata indehiscens. Cocculi 1-spermi. Semen pendens. Albu- men carnosum. Embryo immersus, curvatus. Radicula cylindracea, ad hilum seminis versa: Cotyledones majusculas planre subfoliaceae longitudi- naliter undulatse.— Arbores vel Frutices. Folia stipulata, alterna, linearia aut ovata. Flores siihsolitarii paniculatique. 604. P. divaricatus, glaber, foliis fasciculatis lineari-spathulatis obtusis integerrimis patentibus trinerviis floribus solitariis binisve axillaribus, pe- talis obovatis ad basin tubi staminum unitis, lobis stigmatis tubo inclusis, caule fruticoso. Forst. Prodr. n. 254. DC. Prodr. i. p. 477. A. Rich. Fl. Nov. Zel. p. 299. Bot. Mag. 3271 . Runa, indigenis. R. Cunn. New Zealand (Northern Island). — 1769, Sir Jos. Banks. Frequent in salt marshes on low sides of rivers, where it forms dense bushes. — 1826, A. Cunningham. (Middle Island). — 1773, G. Forster. Frutex gracilis, diffusus, 3 — 4 pedalis, ramis virgatis divaricatis altemis teretibus prorsus glabris, cortice atro-brunneo, stipulis procumbentibus. Flores solitarii interdum bini ; pedicellis bvevibus. Calyx cyathiformis, 5- dcntatus, dentibus acutis parvis brevibus divaricatis. Petala ovata, conca- specimen of the Botany of New Zealand. 25 viuscula, patentia, flavescentia. Stigma bilobum, longitudine tubi staminum. Ovarium parce tomentosum, mono-dicoccum, ovulis penduHs. 605. P. betulinus; ramulis foliisque villosis, foliis sparsis petiolatis ovato- lanceolatis acuminatis grosse insequaliterque serrato-trinerviis, floribus ter- minalibus lateralibusve ramoso-paniculatis decompositis, pilis cinereis con- spersis, petalis lineari-spathulatis subciliatis ad medium tubi staminum co- haerentibus, lobis stigraatis patentibus tubum superantibus recurvis, caule arborescenti. New Zealand (Northern Island). A lofty tree on the banks of the Kana- Kana river, near its head, Bay of Islands. — 1833, R. Cunningham. Arhor procera, 70 pedalis. Rami strieti, teretes ; juniores tomentosi, pilis stellatis, cortice iibroso tenaci brunneo. Stipules deciduse. Flores paniculati, ramis patentibus villosis. Calyx 5-fidus ; lacinise ovatae acuminatae, nervosae, coriaceae, rigidae, patentes. Petala alba, spathulata. Stigma bilobum, tubo staminum longius. Ovarium villosum, 1-loculare, uniovulatum. Ovulum pendulum. 606. P. urticinus ; ramulis foliisque canescentibus, foliis sparsis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis attenuatis grosse inaequaliterque serratis venosis, panieulis ramosis terminalibus, petalis lineari-spathulatis elongatis acutis, juxta basin tubi staminum concretis, stylo omnino incluso, caule fruticoso. New Zealand (Northern Island). Among underwood on the banks of the Kana-Kana river, Bay of Islands. — 1 826, A. Cunningham. Frutex 6 — 8 pedalis. Rami virgati, teretes laxiusculi, ramulis altemis brevibus, foliatis. Stipul