SPIXIANA Supplement 1 1 59-108 München, 30. Dezember 1985 ISSN 0177-7424 A review of the genus Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, 1932, with the description of three new species (Diptera, Chironomidae) By Ole A. Saether Museum of Zoology, Bergen, Norway Saether, O. A. (1985): A review of the genus Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, 1932, with the description of three new species (Diptera, Chironomidae). Spixiana, Suppl. 11: 59-108. Generic diagnoses are given to all stages of Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Har-nisch. Keys to all stages of species from the Holarctic region are given. The genus is divisible into two clearly monophyletic groups, subgen. Rheocricotopus s. str. and subgen. Psilocricotopus subgen. nov. Psilocricotopus is characterized by normally undivided female tergite IX; sharply pointed crista dorsalis; pupa with frontal setae on prefons, without abdominal spine patches, and caudal spines on segments VII and VIII, and larvae with long body setae. Rheocricotopus s. str. has divided female ter-gite IX; rounded or vestigial crista dorsalis; pupae with frontal setae on frontal apo-tome, spine patches and lacking caudal spines on segments VII and VIII; and larvae with shorter body setae. Within Psilocricotopus there apparently are three mono-phyletic groups, the atripes group with large rectangular humeral pits, the chalybea-tus group with relatively large usually ovoid pits, and the godavarius group with small pits. Within the nominal subgenus R. effusus (Walk.) and related species form a monophyletic group based on the shape of the superior volsella. R. (R.) tubercula-tus Caldw. forms a group by itself, while the species grouped around R. fuscipes (Kieff.) may not by monophyletic. Three new species are described: Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) conflusirus, R. (R.) amplicristatus, and R. (R.) effusoides. The two firstmentioned species are described as male imagines only while both sexes and all stages are described of i?. effusoides. The male ofi?. (P.) chapmani is described for the first time, the male of R. (P.) glabricollis (Meig.) and the females oi R. (P.) chap-mani (Edw.), R. (P.) robacki (Beck & Beck), R. (P.) chalybeatus (Edw.), R. (P.) glabricollis and i?. (R.) effusus are redescribed while additional notes on some of the remaining species are given. The pupa and larva of R. (P.) robacki (Beck & Beck), R. (P.) chalybeatus, R. (P.) glabricollis and the pupa of R. (R.) effusus and R. (P.) tirolus Lehm, are redescribed. Three new synonyms are given: R. (P.) glabricollis Meig. (syn. R. extatus [Rob.]), R. (P.) robacki (Beck & Beck) (syn. R. kenorensis Saeth.), and R. (R.) effusus (Walk.) (syn. R. striatus [Mall.]). The synonymy of R. (P.) glabricollis with R. gouini (Goethgebuer) is confirmed. Prof. Ole A. Saether, Museum of Zoology, Universityof Bergen, N-5000 Bergen, Norway. 59
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