Proceedings of the United States National Museum SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION • WASHINGTON, D.C. Volume 125 1968 Number 3660 Neotropical Microlepidoptera, XVII ^ Notes and New Species of Phaloniidae By J. F. Gates Clarke Senior Entomologist, Department of Entomology For several years I have been engaged, somewhat sporadically, on a revision of the American Phaloniidae. Because this revision will not be completed for several more years — indeed, there is yet much to be done — I wish to make known the new taxa described below and to clarify the status of several previously described forms. None of the previously published species have been illustrated before (except Phalonia embrithopa Meyrick; Clarke, 1963, pi. 13: figs. 1-la), but all the species included in this paper are being figured. In recent years several investigators (Busck, 1939 ; Razowski, 1964) have attempted classifications of this family, but for the most part the treatments have been based on characters of the male genitalia. Not only have the females been neglected but also, when they have been used, the accessory bursa has generally been omitted from the figures and it has not been employed in classification. Actually, the value of this feature and its origin in relation to associated structures are not presently known. The reason for this state of affairs is that * See list at end of paper. 2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUIVI vol. 125 apparently it is seldom seen by the investigators, is destroyed during the preparation of the genitaUa mounts, and is now missing from most slides. Busck (1939) illustrated the accessory bursa of several species but did not use it in his classification. His keys are based on male genitalia and wing venation. Kazowski (1964) does not Ulustrate the accessory bursa at all, nor does he aUude to it anywhere in liis papers. At this time I am not using it in classification, although I am illustrating it wherever it could be found, but I believe that many more preparations of many species in numerous genera must be made before we can evaluate its true significance. In most species of most genera the accessory bursa has its inception posteriorly, either from the bursa copulatrix or the ductus bursae. In the species group consisting of vesta, tornosema, and charma this structure emerges anteriorly. Surely such differences are significant. The male vesta, the only male known for this group, suggests afiinity with Phalonidia and Amallectis, but the females of these two genera do not exhibit the anterior origin of the accessory bursa. Since it is not clear at this time to what genus these three species are referable, I am placing them in the genus Phalonia until aU the genera have been examined properly and revised. Unfortunately, phaloniids seldom are collected in sufficient series to permit exhaustive study, and aU too frequently one or the other sex is missing. The state of our knowledge, therefore, is imperfect but it is hoped that papers such as this wiU point out the need for more material so that more complete treatments can be presented. There is an appalling lack of biological information on the New World species, particularly the Neotropical representatives, but it will be a long time before microlepidopterists will be able to devote time to life history studies in the latter region. In the meantime we must content ourselves with making known the existing taxa. The drawings of the genitalia were made by Mr. Andre del Campo Pizzini, staff artist. The photographs of the wings were made by Mr. Jack Scott and Mr. Victor Krantz. Hysterosia Stephens Hysterosia gigantica Busck Figure 1; Plate 1 (fig. 5) Hysterosia gigantica Busck, 1920, Ins. Insc. Mens., vol. 8, nos, 4-6, p. 87. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11621. Ostium broad, slitlike, with posteroventral edge curved ventrally. Antrum membranous. Inception of ductus seminalis from deep concavity in side of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae very short; anterior portion ridged, the ridges con- tinuing into bursa copulatrix. Bursa copulatrix studded with spicules MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE Figure 1. — HysUrosta gigantica Busck: lateral aspect of female genitalia. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL IVIUSEUM in anterior third, strongly sclerotized in posterior two-thirds. Accessory bursa not evident in this example (may have been destroyed). Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis rather strongly sclerotized. Type: U.S. National Museum. Type-locality: Mexico, Mexico City. Distribution: Mexico. In his description of this species, Busck did not mention the niunber of specimens he had before him. In the U.S. National Museum collection there are four specimens from Mexico: one 9 marked "TYPE" in Busck's handwriting; one 9 marked "Cotype" and a cf and 9, the latter from Tehuacan, with red "cotype" labels. All bear USNM type number 22307 and aU have a small white label with the number 3958. The type and first cotype indicated above are conspecific, but the third and fourth specimens, the cf and the 9 from Tehuacan, are what was described as Hysterosia perspicuana Barnes and Busck, from Arizona. The known range of perspicuana is thus extended into Latin America. Hysterosia iodes, new species Figure 2; Plate 1 (fig. 3) Alar expanse 28 mm. Labial palpus fuscous, the scales laterally sparsely white tipped, and strongly so dorsally on second segment. Antenna ochraceous buff with fuscous scaling dorsaUy at base; scape fuscous. Head and thorax Aid re 2izzini Figure 2. — Hysterosia iodes, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; h, aedeagus. NO. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 5 fuscous with a sprinkling of white-tipped scales; posterior tuft of thorax with mixture of reddish-brown and white-tipped scales. Fore- wing ground color grayish fuscous, much of the area overlaid with violaceous-metallic scales; on inner angle a narrow, longitudinal, ferruginous dash; at basal fifth an inwardly oblique, blackish-fuscous patch to fold, then outwardly to dorsum; from middle of costa, to dorsum at basal third, a blackish-fuscous transverse band, strongest about midway across wing; at end of cell a small, blackish-fuscous spot; slightly beyond end of cell, obliquely, a blackish-fuscous trans- verse band extends nearly to tornus; from apical third of costa a blackish-fuscous transverse band, broadest at vein 7, extends to and narrows at tornus; along costa several small patches of white-tipped scales; cUia fuscous. Hindwing ocherous white, heavily mottled with fuscous; cUia grayish fuscous with a very narrow, lighter, basal line. Foreleg pale ochraceous buff; femur and tibia strongly overlaid with fuscous exteriorly; tarsal segments almost wholly fuscous. Midleg similar to foreleg but not so strongly marked with fuscous; hindleg ochraceous buff with slight fuscous irroration and small fuscous patches at tibial spurs. Abdomen dull buff, suffused and irrorate with fuscous. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11622. Harpe subrectangular; cucullus bluntly pointed; ventral edge of harpe produced into a slender pointed process before cucullus. Transtilla with long, smooth, median process. Uncus curved, slender. Vinculum evenly rounded, coalesced. Tegumen about two-thirds the length of harpe. Anellus a strongly sclerotized, curved, oval plate. Aedeagus stout, distaUy terminating in a sharp poiut ventrally; dorsally, from about middle, a long, curved process; cornuti, three long, closely compact, clusters of spines. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69729. Type-locality: Guatemala, Volcan Santa Maria. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the unique male holotype (Schaus and Barnes, "10."). This species resembles the North American Hysterosia birdana Busck but lacks the unbroken, dark apical area of that species; moreover, the median portion of the transtilla of birdana is broad and armed with numerous, small, dentate processes, the cornuti are one or two, and the aedeagus lacks the long, curved, dorsal process of iodes. 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Hysterosia turialba Busck Figure 3; Plate 1 (fig. 1) Hysterosia turialba Busck, 1920, Ins. Insc. Mens., vol. 8, nos. 4-6, p. 86. Male genitalia slide AB Dec. 21, 1925. Harpe triangular; cucullus pointed; costa moderately sclerotized; from base of saceulus a long, irregular, sclerotized arm, free at distal extremity and ornamented with short ridges on each side. Uncus broad, divided, each lateral element terminating in a sharp point; socii recurved, slender. Vinculum a -%\ ■id re izzini Figure 3. — Hysterosia turialba Busck: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. NO. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 7 not coalesced. Tegumen short, about half the length of harpe. Anellus a broad, oval, sclerotized plate. Aedeagus stout, curved, with a dorsodistal, pointed, curved element and a pointed ventrodistal part expanded basally as a flat plate. Female genitalia slide AB Dec. 2, 1925. Ostium transverse, narrow, ventral lip slightly concave; lamella antevaginalis heavily sclerotized laterally. Antrum broad, flattened, sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis posterior, from a depressed area within a sclerotized ring in side of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae ribbed, short. Bursa copulatrix ribbed posteriorly, the ribs confluent with those of ductus bursae. Type: U.S. National Museum. Type-locality : Costa Rica, Juan Vinas. Distribution: Costa Rica, Guatemala. Busck's type is a 9 from Juan Vinas as indicated in the original description. There are three other specimens (2 99, Turrialba, Costa Rica, Wm. Schaus; d^, Volcan Santa Maria, Guatemala, Schaus and Barnes) not mentioned by Busck, which are marked "Cotype." Presumably these three were before Busck when he described the species and are, therefore, paratypes, not cotypes. In addition, there is another specimen, 9, from Volcan Santa Maria, Guatemala. The name of this species is a misspelling of Turrialba. The illustrations of this species are presented for comparative purposes because the species has not been figured previously. Hysterosia alphitopa, new species Figure 4; Plate 1 (fig. 2) Alar expanse 22-26 mm. Labial palpus creamy white; second segment with ocherous-buff scaling basally on outer side. Antenna gray with white scaling dorsaUy at base of shaft; scape creamy white. Head creamy white with slight grayish-ocherous suffusion. Thorax creamy white; anteriorly burnt sienna; dorsally, two irregular but conspicuous black spots. Forewing ground color gray, basal third pale, ochraceous buff; at end of ceU, and at extreme base of wing small, but conspicuous, yellow spots of raised scales; inner angle yellow; costa, to middle, broadly fuscous marked by dashes of leaden-metaUic scales; beyond the fuscous basal portion a conspicuous, large, white blotch with a distinct black spot on costa at center of blotch; from the outer edge of the costal white blotch, at about vein 8, an oblique, outwardly curved, ocherous-white line extends to termen at vein 4, is preceded inwardly by an irregular patch of burnt sienna, the latter to tornus, with two small, black dashes costad, and followed by an irregular, outwardly oblique, black- ish band, this bounded by narrow lines of metallic scales; at apex 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM and around termen, a series of burnt sienna spots; between dorsum and fold, at about basal third, a triangular burnt sienna spot with two small black spots costad; underside strongly overlaid with black- ish fuscous, except whitish outer half of costa, the latter with several blackish spots; cilia burnt sienna mixed with gray and ochraceous buif. Hindwing gray strongly mottled with fuscous, in female almost wholly fuscous ; cilia gray with darker subbasal line. Foreleg blackish fuscous outwardly with scattered white scales ; inwardly creamy white; midleg femur white, irrorate with fuscous; tibia and tarsus fuscous, narrowly banded with whitish; hindleg creamy white, blotched and irrorate with fuscous. Abdomen fuscous dorsally, creamy white ven- trally, speckled with fuscous. b^ M 'ftJ^ Andre . iJizzini Figure 4. — Hysterosia alphitopa, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; h, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. NO. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 9 Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11612. Harpe broad, saccular process extending to about half the length of harpe; posterior edge of process strongly setaceous. Uncus broad, divided into two flat elements, each terminating in a curved point. Vinculum narrow, lateral elements not coalesced in middle. Tegumen about half the length of harpe. Anellus cup shaped. Aedeagus stout, curved, with a long, narrow, dorsodistal projection. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11613. Antrum strongly sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis from a fovea in posterior part of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae very short, broad. Bursa copulatrix strongly rugose on right side. Signum absent. Ostium broad, slitlike, transverse. Lamella antevaginalis moderately sclerotized; lamella postvaginalis with two strongly sclerotized lateral areas. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69730. Type-locality: Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m. Distribution : Known only from the type-locality. Described from the male holotype (16-23.X.66. S. S. and W. D. Duckworth), 5 cT cf and 1 9 para types with same locality and dates, from 16-31.X.66. This taxon is strikingly similar to turialba but is a smaller insect with more strongly mottled hindwings. The saccular process of alphi- topa is much shorter than that of turialba and the aedeagus is much more slender (see figs. 3, 4). The two lateral, sclerotized areas of the lamella postvaginalis of turialba are larger and the rugose portion of the bursa copidatrix is smaller than in alphitopa. Hysterosta melasma, new species Figure 5; Plate 1 (fig. 4) Alar expanse 22-24 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment fuscous ventrally and apically and irrorate with fuscous; third segment fuscous on outer side. Antenna gray, suffused with fuscous basally. Head mixed gray and sordid white. Thorax gray, irrorate with fuscous; tegula tipped with white; pos- terior tuft with white scales mixed. Forewing ground color gray, transversely marked with numerous fine, fuscous strigulae; from costal two-fifths, obliquely to inner angle, a straight, narrow, whitish line; from apical third of costa, a transverse, triangular whitish patch extends to center of wing; between this and the basal whitish line, a black, longitudinal dash; from apical third of costa, and confluent with the tip of the triangular patch, a double, narrow, whitish, transverse line extends outwardly to vein 3, then turns inwardly to tomus; outer edge of this pale line bordered with a very thin line of fuscous; subapically, a whitish line extends around termen; underside of costa spotted with white; cilia gray basally, white apically. Hind- 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM wing whitish, strongly mottled with grayish fuscous; cilia gray basally, white apically. Foreleg ocherous white, overlaid with fuscous ; hindleg ocherous white, suffused and irrorate with grayish fuscous, particu- larly on outer side. Abdomen ocherous white with grayish-fuscous suffusion and irroration. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11623. Harpe moderately broad, cucullus rounded; sacculus very broad basally and heavily sclerotized, terminating in a sharp point. Uncus rather short, compressed, sharply pointed. Vinculum evenly rounded, narrow. Tegumen short, stout. Transtilla terminating in a median, stout, strongly spined process. AneUus subrectangular, broader than long. Aedeagus stout, distally terminating in a sharp, slightly curved, point; vesica armed with two long and two short cornuti. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69731. Type-locality: Guatemala, Chejel. Distribution : Guatemala. Described from the male holotype (June, Schaus and Barnes) and 3 c^cf paratypes, all with the same data. Male genitalia figured from the holotype. Apparently melasma is closely related to H. perspicuana Barnes and Busck but is immediately distinguished from it by the four cornuti, there being only three in perspicuana. The uncus of melasma is less than half the length of that of perspicuana and the sacculus is much wider. Figure 5. — HysUrosia melasma, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus. NO. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 1 1 Phalonia Hiibner Phalonia embrithopa Meyrick Plate 1 (figs. 6, 7) Phalonia embrithopa Meyrick, 1927, Exotic Microlepidoptera, vol. 3, p. 366. — Clarke, 1963, Catalogue of the type specimens of Microlepidoptera in the British Museum (Natural History) described by Edward Meyrick, vol. 4, p. 27, pi. 13, figs. 1-la. Meyrick described embritJiopa from three specimens stated by him to be females. One specimen has disappeared but the remaining two, the lectotype and a paralectotype, the latter before me, are males. In addition to these, I have three males from Colombia that are obviously this species but that are atypical. For two of these specimens I append the following description. Alar expanse 26-28 mm. Labial palpus clay color; first segment with conspicuous fuscous spot exteriorly; third segment mixed with fuscous. Antenna clay color; scape infuscated distally. Head light clay color. Thorax and tegula light clay color; posterior tuft fuscous mixed with sordid white. Forewing ground color sordid white, heavUy overlaid and strigulated with tawny olive; from basal third of costa, obliquely to inner angle, a tawny-olive line delimiting a mixed tawny-olive and whitish basal patch; on middle of costa a tawny-olive spot continued indistinctly and transversely to cell, then obliquely and inwardly to dorsum; apical fourth tawny olive mixed with white and fuscous scales ; at end of cell, between veins 2 and 4, an outwardly oblique, indistinct fuscous blotch extends to tornus; on dorsal edge a series of fuscous spots; underside strongly infuscated except apical two-fifths of costa; cilia sordid white mixed with gray, fuscous, and tawny olive. Hind- wing sordid white, transversely striated and mottled with grayish fuscous, underside more strongly so; cilia whitish mixed with gray. Foreleg ocherous white strongly overlaid with fuscous outwardly; midleg similar to foreleg but banded with tawny olive; hindleg ocherous white suffused and irrorate with fuscous. Abdomen clay color infuscated ventrally. These two, from Paramo de Purace, are larger than the two remain- ing Meyrick types and the pattern of the forewing is less blotched and the reticulations are finer. The basal patch and median transverse fascia are more pronounced. The hindwing of the original embrithopa is darker and the mottling is heavier than in the two from Paramo de Purac^. The third additional specimen from Volcan Galeras is smaller than the types (22 mm) and the forewing is paler in color. The hindwing of this specimen is intermediate between the originals and the two from Pdramo de Purace. 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 All of the specimens are from high altitudes. Mt. Tolima (3846 m), Pdramo de Purac6 (3570 m) and Volcan Galeras (2900 m). The differences in altitude are not great but may weU account for the varia- tion that exists. All of the specimens are indistinguishable on genitalia. Type: British Museum (Natural History). Type-locality: Colombia, Mt. Tolima. Distribution: Colombia: 2cf d^, Mt, Tolima; 2cf cf , Cauca, Pdramo de Purac^, Lake San Rafael, 3570 m, 27.1.1959, J. F. G. Clarke; d" Narino, Volcan Galeras, 2900 m, 13.1.1959, J. F. G. Clarke. Phalonia tornosema, new species Figure 6; Plate 2 (fig. 7) Alar expanse 12-13 mm. Labial palpus white; basal half of second segment fuscous on outer side; third segment vnih a few scattered fuscous scales. Antenna fuscous; scape white except fuscous apex. Head white with grayish scales laterally. Thorax gray, mixed with russet and fuscous; anterior margin narrowly white; posterior tuft ochraceous orange. Forewing ground color pale gray; on each side of fold a series of four (total 8) round spots of mixed russet and leaden gray scales; on tornus a conspicuous ochraceous-orange spot; basal patch indistinct, indi- cated mostly by ochraceous-tawny scales; inner angle fuscous; from middle of costa an ill-defined, brown, transverse fascia with a small fuscous spot on each edge in cell; beyond this fascia a costal whitish area followed by short, transverse whitish and russet fasciae; under- side grayish fuscous except from fold to dorsal edge; cilia light tawny mLxed with gray, lighter around tornal area. Hindwing grayish fuscous; cilia light grayish with darker sub-basal band. Foreleg sordid white strongly infuscated on outer side; tarsus banded with fuscous; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg ocherous white; tibial spurs and tarsus minutely spotted ^\dth fuscous. Abdomen grajdsh fuscous dorsally; ocherous white ventrally, UTorate and suffused with fuscous. Female genitalia slide JFGC nos. 11223, 11630. Ostium transverse, narrow. Antrum sclerotized in a narrow band. Inception of ductus seminalis from anterior end of bursa copulatrix; accessory bursa from near inception of ductus seminalis. Ductus bursae very short, about one-third the length of bursa copulatrix. Bursa copulatrix membranous. Signum absent. Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis very lightly sclerotized. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69740. Type-locality: Guatemala, Volcan Santa Maria. Distribution: Guatemala. Described from the female holotype and seven 9 9 paratypes all MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 13 FiGXTRE 6. — Pkalonia tornosema, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 j from the type-locality (June, July, November; Schaus and Barnes). : Under vesta I have indicated the close similarity, and the apparent | close relationship of vesta and tornosema. The eight round spots of leaden gray scales on the forewing of tornosema are not apparent on the forewing of vesta. Phalonia vesta, new species Figure 7; Plate 4 (fig. 7) Alar expanse 12-13 mm. Labial palpus white; basal two-thirds of second segment strongly overlaid mth grayish fuscous; third segment sparsely irrorate with grayish fuscous. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape white, irrorate with grayish fuscous. Head white, laterally suffused grayish. Thorax grayish, mottled with white, russet and ochraceous-tawny scales. Forewing ground color grayish, largely obscured by tawny, grayish- fuscous and leaden-metallic scales; on costa, three russet bars alter- nating with leaden-metallic, transverse fasciae; inner angle narrowly marked black; along fold a series of scattered black scales; at costal two-thirds an ill-defined whitish area; at end of cell a conspicuous elongate, oval, ocherous-white spot preceded and followed by black scales; tornus ochraceous orange; apex marked by several ill-defined transverse, russet fasciae; cilia clay color mixed with gray. Hind wing grayish fuscous; cilia pale gray with darker basal line. Foreleg sordid white overlaid with blackish fuscous on outer side; tarsal segments with only narrow bands of white showing on outer side; midleg similar but with less blackish fuscous on tibia; hindleg sordid white, faintly irrorate with gray. Abdomen grayish fuscous dorsally, sordid white, suffused with cinereous ventrally; anal tuft light ocherous gray. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11638. Harpe about twice as long as tegumen, widest about middle, tapering to a blunt point; sacculus slightly thickened. Uncus a minute nodule. Vinculum not coalesced, narrow laterally. Tegumen broadly arched, dome shaped. Anellus subrectangular, lightly sclerotized. Aedeagus rather slender, curved; vesica without cornuti. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11639. Ostium narrow, trans- verse. Antrum narrowly sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis from near anterior end of bursa copulatrix; accessory bursa adjacent to inception of ductus seminalis. Ductus bursae mainly membranous with narrow longitudinal ridges in anterior half. Bursa copulatrix membranous with weak sculpturing posteriorly. Signum absent. Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis very lightly sclerotized. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69755. \ Type-locality: Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m. IVnCROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 15 ^ izzini Figure 7. — Phalonia vesta, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removedj h, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 Distribution : Venezuela. Described from the male holotype, and one 9 paratype, all from the same locality (16-23.X.1966, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth). In general appearance vesta is very similar to tornosema but differs from that species by the presence of a large, oval, ocherous-white spot at end of cell in forewing. No males of tornosema are known but the ductus bursae of tornosema is very short; that of vesta is nearly four times as long (cf. figs. 6, 7). Phalonta charma, new species Figure 8; Plate 3 (fig. 7) Alar expanse 14 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment suffused grajdsh and sparsely irrorate with fuscous on outer side; third segment with fuscous dash dorsally and ventrally on outer side. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape sordid white with fuscous irroration. Head sordid white; face suffused grayish. Thorax sordid white with band of fuscous anteriorly and posteriorly; tegula fuscous anteriorly and irrorate with fuscous on remainder of surface. Forewing ground color sordid white; basal two- fifths of costa gray; on middle of costa a rectangidar gray spot; at apical fourth of costa an ohve-buff blotch; apical fifth of wing gray, strongly marked with blackish-fuscous spots and blotches; on mid- dorsum an olive-buff shade extending into cell, preceded basally by a blackish-fuscous blotch; on dorsum, before tornus a small, but con- spicuous, blackish-fuscous spot; underside strongly infuscated except on apical half of costa; cilia sordid white with contrasting, dark gray basal line. Hindwing sordid white with pale grayish-fuscous mottling; cilia pale grayish with darker subbasal hne. Foreleg white; femur and tibia fuscous on outer side; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg sordid white. Abdomen ocherous white with grayish-fuscous suffusion and irroration dorsally; ventrally sparsely irrorate with fuscous. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11634. Ostium crescentic, broad. Antrum strongly sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis at middle of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae short, broad. Bursa copulatrix membranous; accessory bursa extending well beyond anterior end of bursa copulatrix. Signa consisting of very fine spicules; lamella post- vaginalis moderately sclerotized. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69744. Type-locality: Argentina, Tucumto, Ciudad Universitaria, 800 m. Distribution: Argentina. Described from the unique female holotype (17.11.59. J. F. G. Clarke). In general aspect charma is similar to the North American Phalonia glaucojuscana (Zeller), but the terminal dark area of charma is less MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 17 Figure 8. — Phalonia charma, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 288-584—68 2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. m extensive than in glaucojuscana and the hindwing of the former is much hghter than that of the latter. The actual affinities of charma are not clear but the broad ostium and short ductus bursae charac- terize this species. Cochylis Treitschke CochyJis caesiatOy new species Figure 9; Plate 3 (fig. 4) Alar expanse 10-12 mm. Labial palpus ochraceous buff; second segment sparsely irrorate with fuscous; thu'd segment with shght infuscation. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape buff. Head buff; laterally, scales shghtly darker. Thorax buff, posteriorly a few tawny scales ; tegula light clay color anteriorly. Foremng ground color buff; basal two-fifths clouded with clay color; across middle of wing a broad, leaden-gray, transverse band variously marked with brown and fuscous; within this broad band, from dorsum, along inner side of band, a large blackish-fuscous patch extending two-thirds distance to costa; outer margin of median band narrowly edged with brown ; along extreme costal edge a series of small blackish dots, the last slightly before apex; sub terminal pale area with a few scattered brown scales; underside with broad grayish-fuscous median band; terminal area tawny; cilia buff. Hindwing ocherous white basaUy, followed by a grayish fuscous band; sub terminal and apical areas Ught tawny. Foreleg buff, irrorate and shaded with fuscous; midleg buff, femur and tibia each with a proximal and distal blotch of fuscous; first tarsal segment with fuscous spot, remaining segments with scattered fuscous scales. Hindleg buff, tarsal segments slightly more ochraceous. Abdomen pale grayish dorsally; ventraUy buff with a median longitudinal line of fuscous spots. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11614. Ostium very broad, convex; anterior edge armed with sharp teeth. Inception of ductus seminalis at middle of bursa copulatrix, from an alveole at the anterior end of a sclerotized bar, the latter \vith one crenulate edge. Ductus bursae very short, hardly differentiated from bursa copulatrix; accessory bursa from posterior edge of bursa copulatrix. Bursa copulatrix membranous mth spiculate inner surface. Signum absent. Lamella antevaginalis depressed, sclerotized; lamella postvaginalis lightly sclerotized. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69742. Type-locality: Venezuela, Ai-agua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the female holotype (16-23.X.66. S. S. and W. D. Duckworth) and two 99 paratypes, all from the type-locality. Para- types dated 11-19.L66. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 19 kmnk. Figure 9. — Cochylis caesiaia, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 288-584—68 3 20 PROCEEDINGS 01' THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 In appearance quite similar to Euxanthis amphimnesta Meyrick, from Kumaon, but the median fascia of caesiata is broader and the tricolored hindwing immediately distinguishes the latter from the former. In female genitalia caesiata is nearest the North American C. hospes Walsingham. Cochylis serena, new species Figure 10; Plate 4 (fig. 6) Alar expanse 15-17 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment irrorate with fuscous on outer side; third segment suffused fuscous apicaUy. Antenna grayish fuscous; basal fifth black dorsally; scape white. Head white with some gray scaling posterolaterally. Thorax gray, mixed with fuscous and leaden-metaUic scales; tegula whitish to gray mixed with fuscous. Forewing ground color white; basal three-fifths fuscous mixed with leaden gray and tawny; in some specimens the basal dark area becomes attenuated so that dorsum is almost whoUy white; on costal edge of ceU, near middle of wing, two black spots and a third black spot beyond end of cell; from outer fifth of costa a crescentic, gray fascia to vein 4 at termen ; on term en from vein 4 to vein 2 a narrow, tawny, transverse fascia; apical sixth of wing marked with several kregular strigulae and spots of mixed gray, fuscous and tawny; underside fuscous except a costal area at two-thirds; cilia ochraceous bufi with a strong gray basal line around apex and termen. Hindwing sordid white mottled with grayish fuscous in male; in female grayish fuscous, the darker mottling ill-defined; cilia ocherous white with gray sub- basal line. Foreleg ocherous white; femur and tibia blackish fuscous on outer side; tarsal segments broadly banded blackish fuscous; midleg similar but not so strongly marked; hindleg ocherous white lightly suffused and irrorate with fuscous. Abdomen grayish fuscous dorsally somewhat paler ventraUy; anal tuft ocherous white. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11659. Harpe broad, tapering to a bluntly pointed cucuUus. TranstiUa with flattened dentate median process. Socii fleshy lobes. Vinculum narrow, lateral elements not coalesced, Tegumen a moderately narrow band. AneUus a broad sclerotized saucer-shaped plate. Aedeagus stout, acutely pointed; vesica armed with a single stout cornutus. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11660. Ostium broad, anterior edge concave. Antrum moderately sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis ventrally from posterior third of bursa copulatrix; accessory bursa extending slightly beyond anterior end of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae short, broad with sclerotized ring near middle. Bursa copulatrix membraneous except an irregular area posteriorly. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69754. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 21 Type-locality: Brazil, Santa Catharina, Nova Teutonia. Distribution: Known from the type-locality only. Described from the male holotype (VII. 1963, F. Plaumann), 4 cf cf and one 9 paratypes all from the same locality (June to December dates). This species is nearly allied to the following consiantia, but the apical third of the forewing of serena is whitish except for a narrow, Kzzini Figure 10. — Cochylis serena, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral v\qw of female genitalia. 22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 dark, sub terminal line. In constantia only the extreme apex is white, the remaining part of the apical third is largely filled with fuscous and leaden-gray scales. The female genitalia of constantia show much more sculpturing and spining in the bursa copulatrix than is present in Serena. No comparison of the male genitalia can be made because the male of constantia is unknown. Cochylis constantia, new species Figure 11; Plate 4 (fig. 8) Alar expanse 17 mm. Labial palpus fuscous, paler on inner surface of second segment. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape sordid white strongly suffused fuscous. Head fuscous. Thorax mottled fuscous and pale gray; posterior edge white; apex of tegula white. Forewing ground color sordid white; basal patch ill-defined, indicated mainly by fuscous and gray motthng; costa marked by gray spots and short bars; at middle of costa a subquadrate, gray blotch; on dorsal edge six small, fuscous spots; from mid-dorsum a large gray blotch extending into cell and super- imposed over it an outwardly obhque fuscous band; from tomus to termen at vein 5, thence obliquely to costa before apex, a gray suffusion mixed with fuscous at its middle; apex white with three small, grayish- fuscous spots at edge; ciHa grayish fuscous mixed with cinerous. Hindwing sordid white contrastingly mottled with grayish fuscous. Foreleg ocherous white overlaid with fuscous on outer side; midleg ocherous white suffused mth grayish fuscous; tibia with fuscous spot distaUy on outer side; tarsal segments narrowly edged whitish distally; hindleg ocherous white with only slight suggestion of infuscation. Abdomen grayish fuscous. Female genitaha sKde JFGC no. 11593. Ostium shtlike; anterior edge slightly concave. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis from slight depression in side of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae short, membranous. Bursa copulatrix membranous except for longitudinal sculpturing posteriorly and spiculate inner surface. Accessory bursa from juncture of ductus bursae and bursa copulatrix. Lamella antevaginalis membranous; lameUa postvaginalis scobinate. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69756. Type-locahty: Peru, Cusco, Machu Picchu, 2700 m. Distribution: Peru. Described from the unique female holotype (6. II. 1959, J. F. G. Clarke). Under the foregoing, serena, I have discussed the apparent rela- tionship of the two species, but much additional material will be required before a proper alignment can be made. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 23 Figure 11. — Cochylis constantta, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Cochylis mendora, new species Figure 12; Plate 3 (fig. 2) Alar expanse 14-15 mm. Labial palpus sordid white; second segment tinged ocherous on outer side; third segment tipped with fuscous. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape sordid white. Head sordid white tinged with ocherous posteriorly. Thorax sordid white, sparsely irrorate with brownish and ocherous; tegula fuscous anteriorly. Forewing ground color sordid white; base of costa narrowly fuscous, followed by several small dots and a bar of the same color at middle; basal fifth of wing Ught clay color form- ing an ill-defined basal patch; from middle of dorsum to middle of cell, a broad, outwardly oblique brown fascia followed at outer end by a clay-colored shade; on dorsum, four fuscous spots, the larger of the four astride the base of the transverse fascia; sub terminally a clay- colored transverse shade; extreme terminal edge marked with clay ^1 idre teini Figure 12.^ — Cochylis mendora, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. NO. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 25 color; underside, except costal two-fifths, fuscous; cilia white mixed with clay color and fuscous. Hindwing grayish fuscous, lighter basally; cilia pale gray with darker subbasal Une. Foreleg ocherous white; femur and tibia shaded with fuscous on outer side; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg ocherous white. Abdomen grayish fuscous dorsally, ocherous white ventrally. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11632. Harpe slender; cucullus narrow, bluntly pointed; base of sacculus dilated. Vinculum very narrow, but coalesced medially. Tegumen broad, rounded, Anellus a broad, concave plate. Aedeagus moderately stout, curved, sharply pointed; vesica armed with a single, long, slender cornutus. Female genitalia slide JFGC nos. 11633, 11217. Ostium wide; ventro-anterior lip concave. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Ductus seminalis from anterior half of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae short, broad. Bursa copulatrix membranous; accessory bursa extending well beyond anterior end of bursa copulatrix. Signa many small spinules. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69743. Type-locality: Chile, Santiago Prov., Cajon de Maypo, Cordillera, El Centro. Distribution: Known only from Chile. Described from the male holotype (12-20 Jan. 1948, Tito Ramirez), and one 9 paratype with same data, and one 9 paratype, El Principal (11.1888, V. Izquerdo). In general appearance mendora is similar to the North American Cochylis Jelix (Walsingham) but is smaller, lighter, and lacks the dark subterminal spot of that species. The harpe of felix is more evenly rounded and broader ventrally than that of mendora and the aedeagus is stouter. The ostium of mendora is twice as broad as that oi felix and the spining of the bursa copulatrix is much less exten- sive than in the latter. Cochylis laetitia, new species FiGUEE 13; Plate 3 (fig. 3) Alar expanse 15 mm. Labial palpus ocherous white, light ochraceous buff on outer side; second segment sparsely irrorate with grayish basally. Antenna pale grayish buff; scape with grayish-fuscous irrorations. Head ocherous white with slight, pale infuscation. Thorax ocherous white, sufiPused ochraceous buff; tegula ochraceous buff anteriorly, Forewing ground color bufif; costa and dorsum marked with small grayish-fuscous spots; at basal two-fifths a triangular yeUow-ocher spot astride fold; a similarly colored triangular spot, its base on dorsum slightly beyond middle, extending to fold; in apical third several ill-defined trans- verse fasciae composed of narrow yellow-ocher spots and the whole 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM area finely irrorate with grayish fuscous; underside lightly mottled with grayish fuscous; ciha mixed gray and yellow ocher with dark gray basal line. Hindwing sordid whitish mottled with grayish fuscous; cilia ocherous white with gray subbasal line. Foreleg ocherous white; femur and tibia overlaid with fuscous on outer side; tarsal segments broadly banded with grayish fuscous; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg ocherous white; femur sparsely irrorate with grayish fuscous. Abdomen pale buff; dorsally suffused with grayish fuscous; ventrally with slight, fuscous, median irroration. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11635. Harpe triangular, broad basally, tapering to a pointed cucullus. Vinculum coalesced, with median point. Tegumen rounded, broad. Anellus a broad, sclerotized plate. Aedeagus moderately stout, sharply curved at distal third, sharply pointed; vesica armed with a single, slightly curved, slender comutus. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69745. Type-locality: Argentina, Tucumdn, Ciudad Universitaria, 800 m. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the unique male holotype (20.11.59, J. F. G. Clarke). Similar to Phalonia suhlimis Meyrick from Peru, but lacking the contrasting transverse fascia of the forewLug of that species. Figure 13. — Cochylis laetitia, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 27 Amallectis Meyrick Amallectis nephelodes, new species Figure 14; Plate 2 (fig. 3) Alar expanse 16-21 mm. Labial palpus creamy white overlaid with ocherous buff on outer side; second segment infuscated basally. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape fuscous. Head ocherous buff with grayish scales laterally; in female, head gray. Thorax brownish gray ; apex of tegula grayish buff. Forewing ground color, light clay color in basal half, gray in apical half; basal third of wing overlaid with ochraceous buff; from basal ^ izzini Figure 14. — Amallectis nephelodes, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; h, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. 28 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 third of dorsum to well beyond middle of cell, an outwardly oblique ochraceous-tawny, transverse band with fuscous scales at base and apex; beyond this fascia, on middle of dorsum, an elongate, trans- verse, grayish-olive patch with its apex near end of cell; on tornus a small fuscous spot; beyond end of cell a large, irregular, transverse, fuscous blotch followed by a curved line of ground color, the latter followed by a broadly crescentic, subapical, fuscous, transverse bar; cilia mixed ocherous, fuscous and gray. Hindwing grayish fuscous, somewhat paler basally. Foreleg ocherous buff strongly infuscated on outer side; midleg similar to foreleg but with less fuscous; hindleg ocherous buff lightly spotted with gray on femur and tibia; tarsal segments marked with blackish fuscous on outer side. Abdomen grayish fuscous dorsally, ocherous white ventrally. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11625. Harpe long, slender, without ornamentation; cucuUus narrowly rounded. Transtilla long, termi- nating in two widely separated, acutely sharp, points. Uncus absent. Vinculum narrow, bluntly pointed. Tegumen broad, about haK the length of harpe; socii long fleshy lobes. Anellus sub triangular. Aedea- gus moderately slender, apically flattened and pointed; vesica armed with one cornutus, slightly more than half the length of aedeagus. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11626. Ostium small with concave ventro-anterior lip. Antrum broad, wider than long. Inception of ductus seminalis at about middle of ductus bursae; accessory bursa a rounded, sclerotized sac dorsal to bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae wide, mostly membranous. Bursa copulatrix with finely granular sur- face. Signum absent. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69737. Type-locality: Bolivia, Cochabamba, Incachaca, Tropical cloud area, 2100 m. Distribution: Bolivia. Described from the male holotype (27.VIII-5.IX. 56. L. Pena), and one 9 paratype with identical data. The female is the larger of the two specimens and has paler hind- wings than the male. This species is near anaxia and penai but differs from both by the larger size and generally darker color. Amallectis peiiai, new species Figure 15; Plate 2 (fig. 2) Alar expanse 14 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment, except apical portion, ochra- ceous buff on outer side. Antenna ochraceous tawny. Head sordid white with some ochraceous-buff scales around eye. Thorax grayish fuscous; apex of tegula sordid white. Forewing ground color white MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 29 Figure 15. — Amallectis penai, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 (clearly visible only in apical area), heavily overlaid with ochraceous buff and olivaceous gray; basal half of costa ochraceous buff; from basal thu'd of dorsum to cell, an oblique subrectangular blackish- fuscous and tawny patch bounded on each side with a narrow whitish line; basad of this shade an olivaceous shade parallels it and extends well into cell; beyond the dark dorsal mark a grayish shade, termi- nated by a few leaden scales, extends to tornus; on tornus a rounded, olivaceous spot extends to vein 6 and is bounded outwardly by ochra- ceous-tawny and blackish-fuscous scales; from apical third to termen at vein 4, an outwardly curved crescentic fascia, broadest in middle, shaded with ochaceous tawny on costa and edged with blackish fus- cous in terminal half; on costa, on each side of the crescentic mark, a small patch of leaden scales; cilia buff with slightly darker basal band. Hindwing ocherous white basally shading to light ochraceous buff apically; cilia ocherous white becoming darker around apex. Foreleg ochraceous buff suffused with fuscous on outer side; midleg similar; hindleg buff. Abdomen ocherous white to buff, suffused with grayish. Female genitaUa slide JFGC nos. 11219, 11629. Ostium moderately broad, shtlike, anterior edge concave. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Ductus bursae nearly as long as bursa copulatrix with weak sculptur- ing in the form of longitudinal ridges. Bursa copulatrix membranous with weak sculpturing in posterior portion, the ridges confluent with those from ductus bursae; inner surface of bursa copulatrix clothed with very fine, weak spicules. Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis membranous. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69734. Type-locahty : Bohvia, Cochabamba, Incachaca. Tropical cloud area, 2100 m. Distribution: Bolivia and Peru. Described from the female holotype (27.VIII. to 5.IX.56, L. Pena), and one 9 paratype, Peru, Cusco, Machu Picchu, 2700 m. (6.II.59, J. F. G. Clarke). This taxon is nearest anaxia and is discussed under that species. It is with great pleasure that I dedicate this species to its collector, Mr. Luis Pena, who has contributed much material toward a better knowledge of the Neotropical microlepidopterous fauna. Amallectis frangulUf new species Figure 16; Plate 2 (na. 8) Alar expanse 16 mm. Labial palpus ocherous white; second segment shaded ochraceous buff basally on outer side; third segment brown dorsoposteriorly. Antenna grayish fuscous, basally suffused tawny; scape tawny. Head MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 31 P',^'W^JC'>' > ->\ \ 'til > : ■ ~ . ,^j^/;.r.:.v: Figure 16. — Amallectis frangula, new species: ventral view of female genitalia 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEU]VI vol. 125 ocherous white shaded ochraceous buff laterally and posteriorly. Thorax olivaceous with slight brassy hue. Forewing ground color ocherous white; extreme costal edge ochraceous tawny to two-thirds, shading to olivaceous brown for a short distance toward cell, parallel to costa ; at two-thirds the olivaceous brown coloring forms a triangle, the apex of which extends nearly to end of cell; from near base to tornus a broad gray shade with tiny, short, transverse strigulae on dorsal edge and toward tornus two transverse brassy bars; apical third russet, interrupted by an oblique bar of ground color suffused pale russet, and an apical area of same color; from dorsal edge near base, an olivaceous shade extending weU into cell; cilia ochraceous buff mixed with some paler scales. Hindwing fuscous; cUia grayish fuscous. Foreleg ocherous white strongly overlaid fuscous outwardly; midleg ocherous white; tibia suffused tawny on outer side; tarsal segments fuscous on outer side; hindleg ocherous white with small, ill-defined fuscous spot on tibia, and tarsal segments with slight infuscation. Abdomen fuscous dorsally, ocherous white ventrally. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11637. Ostium moderately broad, ventral edge concave. Antrum broadly sclerotized for short distance. Inception of ductus seminalis from side of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae membranous. Accessory bursa from near junction of bursa copulatrix and ductus bursae. Bursa copulatrix clothed with fine spines. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69733. Type-locality: Venezuela, Aragua, Rancho Grande, 1100 m. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the holotype female (16-23.X.1966, S. S. and W. D. Duckworth). The three species peilai, anaocia, and frangula are closely similar and obviously closely related. Of these, penai can at once be distin- guished from the other two by its very pale hindwing ; and frangula can be distinguished from anaxia by tlie extensive gray dorsal patch, absent in the latter species. It is strange that not a single male of any of the three species has appeared although the dates of collection cover much of the year. This suggests some peculiar behavioral pattern for the males, an interesting subject for investigation. Amallectis anaxia, new species Figure 17; Plate 2 (fig. 1) Alar expanse 17 mm. Labial palpus ocherous white; second segment ochi'aceous buff on MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 33 Figure 17. — Amallectis anoxia, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 outer side; third segment with ocherous-fuscous spot on outerside. Antenna pale brown; scape ochraceoiis buff. Head light buff; laterally ochraceous buff. Thorax pale grayish olive; tegula ochraceous buff anteriorly. Forewing ground color pale buff; costa ochraceous buff on basal fifth followed by gray then ochraceous buff, the three areas of equal length; from inner angle a slightly curved ochraceous-buff fascia extends to end of cell, where it terminates in a few leaden-gray scales ; dorsally this fascia is separated from a fuscous and ochraceous-buff blotch by a narrow line of the ground color; before tornus an ochra- ceous-buff triangular spot followed by a few leaden-gray scales, then a larger blotch of ochraceous buff, the latter edged along vein 5 by fuscous; from apical fourth of costa to termen, between vein 5 and 6, an outwardly oblique ochraceous-buff fascia terminating in a fuscous spot; outer half of dorsal margin marked with several short fuscous dashes; cilia buff with slightly darker basal band. Hind wing grayish fuscous, paler basally; cUia pale grayish fuscous with a darker sub- basal line. Foreleg ocherous white suffused with fuscous on outer side ; midleg similar; hindleg light buff; tibial spurs faintly tipped brown. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11216. Ostium very broad; anterior edge deeply V-shaped. Ductus bursae very broad, short, slightly sclerotized, lightly sculptured, hardly differentiated from bursa copulatrix. Bursa copulatrix membranous, with slight sculpturing posteriorly and clothed with short, small spines ; accessory bursa from juncture of ductus bursae and bursa copulatrix. Lamella antevaginalis and lamella postvaginalis lightly sclerotized. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69735. Type-locality: Guatemala, Volcan Santa Maria. Distribution: Kecorded only from the type-locality. Described from the unique female holotype (Schaus and Barnes. VH). This and the foregoing penai are very closely related but differ markedly in the color of the hindvnng, which is ocherous white in penai and grayish fuscous in anaxia; the gray dorsal patch of the forewing of penai is absent in anaxia and the curved crescentic subapical fascia of the former is replaced in the latter by a straight band ; the ground color of the apical part of the forewing is strongly contrasted against the darker markings in penai, not so in anaxia. Amallectis domna, new species Figure 18; Plate 2 (fig. 4) Alar expanse 15 mm. Labial palpus olive buff; second segment deep olive buff on outer side, except apex; third segment almost wholly deep olive buff. Antenna fuscous basally shading to gray apically. Head pale olive buff, some- MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 35 what darker laterally, thorax deep olive buff suffused with fuscous; tegula pale olive buff apically. Forewing ground color very pale olive buff; basal fourth of costa, inwardly to cell, deep olive buff suffused with fuscous; from inner angle, well into cell, an oblique, narrowly triangular olive-gray shade; from basal third of dorsum to middle of cell a well-defined, outwardly oblique, blackish-fuscous fascia followed outwardly to tornus by an olive shade; from the apical corner of the dark fascia a slender blackish-fuscous line parallels dorsum to end of cell, where it broadens into an area irrorate with blackish- fuscous scales; from apical thu-d of costa to tornus an irregular, indistinct, olive-buff fascia; apical area grayish with scattered olive- buff and fuscous scales; dorsal edge marked with a few small fuscous points; cilia composed of mLxed olive-buff, gray, and fuscous scales. Hind wing ocherous white basaUy shading to fuscous apically; cilia very pale, whitish basally shading to grayish fuscous apically. Foreleg buff strongly overlaid with fuscous on outer side; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg buff, tibial spurs and tarsal segments with faint infuscation. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11617. Harpe moderately narrow, unornamented ; cucullus rounded; sacculus dilated basaUy. Uncus absent. Socii large, fleshy. Vinculum not coalesced. Tegumen broad, about half the length of harpe. Anellus a broadly oval, sclerotized plate. Aedeagus stout, slightly curved, pointed; vesica armed with one large cornutus. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69736. Type-locality: Colombia, Narino, Volcan Gal eras, 3100 m. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the unique male holotype (14 Jan. 1959. J. F. G. Clarke). V Figure 18. — Amallectis domna, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; b, aedeagus. 36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 This species is very close to A. devincta Meyrick, from Peru, but is a slightly larger species. The prominent, fleshy socii at once set domna apart from devincta. It is further distinguished from devincta by the large cornutus, which is nearly half the length of the aedeagus; that of devincta is less than one-third the length of the aedeagus. Phalonidia LeMarchand Phalonidia heterophaea, new species Figure 19; Plate 4 (fig. 1) Alar expanse 11 mm. Labial palpus pale buff; second segment suffused clay color with scattered brownish irrorations on outer side. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape buff, lightly suffused with fuscous. Head buff, tinged clay color laterally. Thorax buff; tegula grayish buff. Forewing ground color buff variously marked and suffused with dark olive buff; basal half of costa suffused grayish; on middle of costa a blackish-fuscous rectangular patch ; two short transverse bars of the same color slightly before and at end of cell; before middle of termen two or three short, slender blackish-fuscous transverse dashes; from base of blackish- fuscous costal patch an irregular dark olive-buff' transverse fascia reaching middle of dorsum; from apical fourth of costa an outwardly curved, crescentic, dark olive-buff bar ending at about vein 6; dorsum marked with scattered blackish-fuscous scales; underside strongly infuscated except outer half of costa; cilia olive buff. Hindwing shining grayish buff, darker toward margins; cell very thinly scaled; cilia grayish, darker around termen and apex. Foreleg buff, heavily over- laid with fuscous on outer side; midleg similar but less strongly marked fuscous; hindleg buff with slight grayish-fuscous suffusion on outer side. Abdomen grayish fuscous dorsaUy; ventrally buff except seg- ments 5 and 6, which are grayish fuscous; anal tuft ochraceous buff. The sixth sternum is developed into a hollow evagination terminating in two divergent arms, turned upward on each side of the seventh segment. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11645. Harpe broad basally narrowing abruptly slightly beyond middle, terminating in a very narrow, bluntly pointed cucullus. Transtilla with long median pointed process. Uncus tubular, enclosing anal tube. Vinculum narrow. Tegumen broad, rounded. Anellus an oval sclerotized plate. Aedeagus more than twice the length of harpe, curved and pointed distally; vesica armed with a long (almost as long as the entire aedeagus), undulating cornutus. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69749. Type-locality: Colombia, Antioquia, La Estrella, 1730 m. Distribution : Known only from the type-locality. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 37 Figure 19. — Phdonidia heUrophaea, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; h, aedeagus. 288-584—68- 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 Described from the unique holotype male (13. XII. 59, F. Luis Gallego M.). This species is of particular interest because of the modified sixth sternum and the enormous cornutus, which has been demonstrated elsewhere only in the family by Razowski (1964: 367, figs. 28, 29), where he figures P. ichthyochroa (Walsingham) from St. Croix. Ra- zowski's figure 28 does not correspond to other species in Phalonidia, nor does it match heterophaea. The enormous aedeagus and cornutus, however, relate heterophaea and ichthyochroa, which will probably require a new genus. Irazona Razowski Irazona icogratnma, new species Figure 20; Plate 4 (fig. 2) Alar expanse 12-13 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment tinged ocherous on outer side of basal half. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape white in distal half. Head white. Thorax fuscous. Forewing ground color white; dorsum broadly marked with leaden gray strigulae and blotches; basal patch, except dorsal half, tawny; at outer third of dorsum a conspicuous, large, fuscous spot reaching slightly beyond fold; from middle of costa to tornus an ill-defined, irregular, outwardly oblique, ochraceous- tawny fascia preceded and followed by scattered blackish-fuscous and leaden-gray scales; from apical third of costa, to termen at vein 5, a leaden-gray fascia with spots of ochraceous-tawny and fuscous scales along edges; apex and a spot between veins 2 and 4 similarly colored; costal scales elongate, clay color, at one-third; underside strongly infuscated; cilia light clay color. Hind wing grayish fuscous; cUia a pale grayish with darker subbasal line. Foreleg white, overlaid with grayish fuscous on outer side; midleg white with grayish suffusion on tarsal segments; hindleg white. Abdomen grayish dorsally, white ventraUy. Female genitalia slides JFGC nos. 11221, 11642. Ostium broad. Antrum strongly sclerotized. Inception of ductus seminalis at middle of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae short, strongly sclerotized except for small membranous band anterior to antrum. Bursa copulatrix with sclerotized, rounded evagination on right side posteriorly; inner wall clothed with sharp spines; accessory bursa extending beyond bursa copulatrix. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69750. Type-locality: Guatemala, Volcan Santa Maria, October. Distribution: Guatemala. Described from the female holotype (October) and one 9 paratype MIC:?OLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 39 Figure 20. — Irazona icogramma, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 (July), Schaus and Barnes, from the same locality. Similar in appearance to Irazona cognata (Walsingham) but gener- ally darker and with a much darker hindwing. No comparison of the genitalia can be made because cognata is represented by a male and icogramma is known only from females. Irazona turbula, new species Figure 21; Plate 4 (fig. 3) Alar expanse 16 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment with slight buff suffusion on outer side. Antenna grayish fuscous with some white scaling dorso- basally; scape white. Head white. Thorax white, suffused grayish. Forewing ground color white; dorsum broadly marked with wood- brown and gray bars, all confluent; basal patch, from one-fifth of costa to dorsum, grayish fuscous; on costa, slightly beyond middle, a pale grayish blotch with two small, darker gray spots on extreme costal edge; at end of cell a short, irregular, longitudinal grayish dash with a small spot of fuscous scales at outer end; from costa, slightly before apex, to vein 6 an outwardly oblique gray bar narrowly edged with grayish-fuscous and yellowish scales; extreme apex narrowly gray; between end of cell and subapical bar several irregular, faintly gray transverse strigulae; costal scales elongate beyond basal patch and also beyond middle; underside moderately infuscated; cilia pale gray at apex, white around termen and tornus. Hindwing grayish fuscous, paler basally; cUia sordid white to pale gray with darker subbasal line. Foreleg ocherous white suffused grayish fuscous on outer side; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg ocherous white. Abdomen gray; first to third segments paler ventrally. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11641. Ostium broad, slitlike. Antrum not developed. Ductus seminalis from center of right side of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae membranous in posterior half; anterior half ornamented with very fine sclerotized ridges. Bursa copulatrix irregularly ornamented with very fine sclerotized ridges and with a small sclerotized evagination posteriorly; accessory bursa not extending beyond end of bursa copulatrix; lamella antevaginalis crescentic. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69751. Type-locality: Guatemala, Volcan Santa Maria. Distribution : Known only from the type-locality. Described from the unique female holotype (July, Schaus and Barnes) . Similar to icogramma but without the conspicuous subtornal spot and with a short subapical, transverse fascia. The female genitalia are similar, and the close relationship is indicated by the sclerotized MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 41 Figure 21. — Irazotia turbula, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 125 evagination from the posterior side of the bursa copulktrix. The ornamentation of the inner wall of the bursa copulatrix differs, being composed of fine spines in icogramma and fine ridges in turbula. Irazona ademonia, new species Figure 22; Plate 4 (fig. 4) Alar expanse 16 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment tinged ochraceous buff on outer side; third segment gray apically. Antenna grayish fuscous; scape grayish buff basaUy, white apically. Head white with some grayish scales posterolaterally. Thorax grayish fuscous, paler pos- teriori}' ; tegula pale grayish posteriorly. Forewing ground color white; dorsum broadly marked leaden gray and white mixed; basal patch, from basal fifth of costa to dorsum, grayish-fuscous; on dorsum, before tornus, a ring of fuscous scales surrounding a leaden-gray area ; on costa, at middle, a pale leaden-gray spot edged posteriorly and anteriorly with buff; between dorsal and costal spots several pale gray spots and short dashes mixed with buff; subapicaUy, from costa to vein 4, a curved, pale leaden-gray transverse fascia edged with buff; apex narrowly grayish fuscous; costal scales elongate beyond basal patch and beyond midcostal spot; underside moderately infus- cated; cilia mixed gray and white. Hindwing grayish fuscous; cilia very pale gray with darker subbasal line. Foreleg ocherous white, suffused fuscous on outer side; midleg ocherous white with slight fuscous suffusion on outer side of tibia; hindleg ocherous white. Abdomen gray; ventrally first three segments paler. Female genitalia slide JFGC no. 11640. Ostium very broad; anterior edge concave. Antrum broadly sclerotized. Inception of ductus semi- nalis from center of bursa copulatrLx ventrally. Ductus bursae lightly sclerotized except for narrow membranous area anterior to antrum. Bursa copulatrix ornamented with fine spines and with a strongly sclerotized bulge dorso anteriorly on right side. Accessory bursa not extending beyond anterior end of bursa copidatrix. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69752. Type-locality: Costa Rica, La Florida, 500 feet. Distribution: Known only from the type-locality. Described from the female holotype (William Schaus). This species is very near turbula but the latter lacks the subtornal dorsal ring, and the subapical fascia is much longer in ademonia than in turhula; the forewing of ademonia is broader than that of turbula. Further differences may be seen in the genitalia, particularly in the position of the sclerotized sweULng, or evagination, from the bursa copulatrix. The characters of the ductus bursae are widely different, also, as may be seen by a comparison of the figures. MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 43 Figure 22. — Irazona ademonia, new species: ventral view of female genitalia. 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM Irazona melanoleiica, new species Figure 23; Plate 1 (fig. 8) Alar expanse 21-22 mm. Labial palpus white; second segment fuscous on outer side of basal half. Antenna fuscous; basal half of scape white. Head white. Thorax fuscous; tip of tegula white. Forewing ground color white, variously suffused and marked with gray; basal sixth of costa blackish fuscous continuing across fold, forming a dark, triangular basal patch containing some leaden gray scaling; from middle of costa a broad gray blotch to cell where, in some specimens, it becomes con- fluent with a blackish-fuscous band, the latter extending to dorsum well before tornus; on costa, between basal patch and gray blotch, 3 or 4 short gray dashes; from outer fourth of costa to vein 5 a rec- tangular patch of mixed gray and blackish fuscous continued from its outer extremity as a narrow, curved, fuscous line, to tornus; apical area beyond the rectangular patch spotted with fuscous and .#f IW, /If I fi ^- ^1 dre . izzini Figure 23. — Irazona melanoleuca, new species: a, ventral view of male genitalia with left harpe and aedeagus removed; h, aedeagus; c, ventral view of female genitalia. wo. 3660 MICROLEPIDOPTERA, XVII — CLARKE 45 gray; cilia white with broad gray basal band. Hindwing grayish fuscous, paler basally; cilia gray with darker basal band. Foreleg white on inner side, fuscous outwardly; tarsal segments narrowly banded white; midleg white, suffused with fuscous on outer side of femur and tibia; tarsus with spots of fuscous; hindleg ocherous white, faintly marked with grayish. Abdomen white, suffused grayish dorsally and ventrally. Male genitalia slide JFGC no. 11211. Harpe triangular, very broad basally; cucullus bluntly pointed; sacculus with a sharp, curved spine near base on inner side and a conspicuous hairpencil on outer side. Uncus a very short, digitate process, Transtilla widely ex- panded laterally; median area narrowed and armed with a few sharp teeth. Vinculum not coalesced at middle; lateral elements curved and thickened anteriorly. Tegumen short and broad. Anellus an elongate, sclerotized plate. Aedeagus stout basally, curved, terminating in a point; vesica armed with a single slender cornutus, dilated basally. Female genitalia slides JFGC nos. 11624, 11212. Ostium broad, slitlike, posteroventral edge slightly convex. Inception of ductus seminalis dorsally from about middle of bursa copulatrix. Ductus bursae broad, short, ornamented with sclerotized ribs that extend into bursa copulatrix posteriorly; signum absent. Accessory bursa not reaching beyond anterior end of bursa copulatrix. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69732. Type-locality: Mexico, Pue. Distribution: Mexico. Food plant: Pinus species. Described from the male holotype and 2 99 para types all with identical data (January 1960. Guevara. Rf. Pinus). There appears to be no known close relative of this species except the following, newly described platina. Irazona platina, new species Figure 24; Plate 2 (fig. 5) Alar expanse 16 mm. Labial palpus fuscous; third segment white on inner side. Antenna fuscous; scape white. Head white. Thorax fuscous with some white posteriorly. Forewing ground color silvery white with pale greenish- yellow reflections; basal fifth of costa, to fold, fuscous; on midcosta a broad, truncated triangular mark extends across end of cell; on costa, between midcostal mark and apex, two grayish-fuscous spots; on dorsum before tornus an elongate, transverse triangular spot preceded and followed by small fuscous dashes; from apex, along termen, a broad fuscous band interrupted by white spots; underside of forewing fuscous; cilia mixed ochraceous buff and fuscous. Hind- 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM wing sordid white with a fuscous shade around termen and mottled with fuscous inwardly. Foreleg fuscous; tarsal segments narrowly banded with white; midleg similar to foreleg; hindleg ocherous white faintly irrorate with fuscous. Abdomen removed before description. Male genitalia slide 63-Obr., 1963. Harpe triangular, very broad basally; cucullus narrow, bluntly pointed. Socii two broad, fleshy lobes. Uncus a short, digitate process. Transtilla very broadly ex- panded laterally, constricted before middle, then expanded; median section armed with many sharp teeth. Vinculum not coalesced. Tegumen about as long as harpe. Anellus a deeply concave plate, fused with base of harpe by a long sclerotized rod, the latter dentate along most of its length. Aedeagus stout, curved, terminating in a pair of sharp points; vesica armed with one large and numerous spiculate cornuti. Holotype: U.S. National Museum No. 69738. Type-locality: Costa Rica, Mount Poas. Distribution: Costa Rica. Described from the unique male holotype (May). In appearance similar to melanoleuca, but the dark basal patch does not extend across the wing as in that species, and there are pale yellow-green reflections, absent in melanoleuca. The genitalia of platina lack the strong hairpencil that is present in melanoleuca, and the median area of the transtilla is much broader and armed with many spines. The fused anellus and harpe are a distinguishing char- acter of platina.