Vol. 83, No. 47, pp. 527-544 9 February 1971 
PROCEEDINGS 
OF THE 
BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
SOME POLYCHAETES OF THE SUPERFAMILY 
EUNICEA FROM THE NORTH PACIFIC 
NORTH ATLANTIC OCEANS^ 
FEB 9 1971 
FIC AND^HS0/V7>s 
By Katharine D. Hobson 
Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological LaZ?ora*e^^RARl^^ 
Woods Hole, Massachiisetts 
One new species of Onuphis is presented together with a 
discussion of and key to five other species of this genus and 
five new records of species of Lumbrineridae, Arabellidae, and 
Dorvilleidae. Most of the polychaetes from Washington were 
collected from the Strait of Juan de Fuca by the author while 
on Brown Bear cruise #365 (June 1965); from near Orcas 
Island by H. L. Sanders (July 1967), and obtained from the 
collections of K. Banse, K. D. Hobson, and F. H. Nichols from 
Puget Sound (February, April, and August 1963; October 1965). 
Some of the polychaetes from New England were collected 
from the slope off New England by H. L. Sanders ( May 1961, 
August 1962); and from Cape Cod Bay by the Biotic Census 
of the Systematics-Ecology Program (February 1966 through 
October 1969). The latter are now deposited in the Gray 
Museum of the Marine Biological Laboratory ( CM ) . Supple- 
mentary material was obtained from the following museums 
or institutions: the AUan Hancock Foundation (AHF), through 
O. Hartman and K. Fauchald; the British Museum of Nat- 
ural History (BMNH), through J. D. George; the Bmreau of 
Commercial Fisheries ( BCF ) , through R. L. Wigley ; the Mu- 
seum of Comparative Zoology (MCZ), through H. W. Levi; 
1 Contribution No. 215 from the Systematics-Ecology Program, Marine Biological 
Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543. This research was supported primar- 
ily by a grant from the Whitehall Foundation to the Systematics-Ecology Program. 
Collection of material was supported by NSF grant GB-747 and by Contract Nonr 
3070(03) from the Office of Naval Research to the Systematics-Ecology Program. 
47— Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., Vol. 83, 1970 (527) 
528 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Fig. 1. Onuphis elegans (collection of Banse, Hobson, and Nichols, 
Puget Sound): a, Anterior view of 1st parapodium; b, anterior view of 25th 
parapodium; c, slender pseudocompound hook from 1st parapodium; 
d, stout pseudocompound hook from same. 
the Pacific Marine Station Museum (PMS), through J, A. 
Blake; and the Smithsonian Institution (USNM), through 
M. L, Jones. The manuscript benefitted from discussions and 
correspondence with K. Fauchald and K. Banse. 
Eunicean Polychaetes 529 
SUPERFAMILY EUNICEA 
Onuphidae 
Onuphis Audouin and Milne Edwards 
All species of Onuphis with cirriform branchiae that begin on the 
first setiger were reviewed in order to better characterize O. elegans and 
O. iridescent. In some species important specific characters, such as 
first occurrence of branchiae and of subacicular hooks, were found to 
vary with the size of the worm. Although the species discussed below 
are very closely related, they can be distinguished by considering this 
variation together with other characters. 
Onuphis elegans (Johnson) 
Figure la-d 
Northria (sic) elegant Johnson 1901, p. 406, pi. 8, figs. 77-85. 
Nothria elegans. — Hartman 1968 (in part), p. 675, figs. 1, 2, 5 only. 
Not Hartman 1944, p. 88, pi. 5, figs. 113-117. 
Nothria sp. near N. elegans and JV. iridescens. — Banse, Hobson, and 
Nichols 1968 (in part, Form A only), p. 534. 
Onuphis elegans.— E. Berkeley 1927, p. 408.— C. Berkeley 1967, p. 1056. 
—Berkeley and Berkeley 1932, p. 312; 1948, p. 93, fig. 141. 
Material examined: WASHINGTON, syntypes of N. elegans (AHF; 
MCZ 1895) from Puget Sound. — Collections of Banse, Hobson, and 
Nichols from Puget Sound (10-23 m). CALIFORNIA, Tomales Bay 
(PMS 180241). — Velero station 3048 near Los Angeles Lighthouse 
(19 m) and five localities in central and southern California (intertidal 
to 18 m) (AHF). BRITISH COLUMBIA, Long Bay, E. Berkeley, col- 
lector (intertidal) (USNM 38275). 
Description: Pigmentation, when present, is usually as described by 
Johnson. The first 5 or 6 setigers are cylindrical, then the body becomes 
flattened. The inner paired antennae usually extend only to setiger 3-7 
(range, 3-11). 
The branchia of the first parapodiimi (Fig. la) is longer than the 
dorsal cirrus and becomes relatively longer farther posteriorly. The 
branchiae are thick (Fig. lb) in setigers 10 through 60-80, rather than 
slender as in the other species treated here (c.f.. Figs. 2d, 3b, 5a). Ventral 
cirri are usually cirriform through setiger 5, (setiger 6 in the specimens 
from Long Bay, B.C. ) . 
Pseudocompound hooks occur in the first four setigers ( rarely 3 ) . The 
hooks are usually tridentate ( Fig. Ic, d ) but the third tooth may be very 
small (as in Fig. 2f). I have found bidentate hooks without a trace of a 
third tooth only in the specimens from Long Bay, B. C. and in a speci- 
men from Tomales Bay, California. These specimens also have a few 
quadridentate hooks. Supraacicular narrowly limbate setae are present 
from the first setiger, appearing faintly hairy. Pectinate setae are present 
INSTITUTiOW FEB 9 WH 
530 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Fig. 2. Onuphis farallonensis new species: a, Dorsal view of anterior 
end of holotype (AHF), setae omitted (stippling indicates location of 
pigment); b, anterior view of 1st parapodium; c, anterior view of 5th 
parapodium; d, anterior view of 26th parapodium; e, tip of slender pseu- 
docompound hook from 1st parapodium; f, stout pseudocompound hook 
Eunicean Polychaetes 531 
from the first setiger, are distally slightly oblique, and have about 14 
teeth. There are no compound spinigers. Subacicular hooks usually begin 
on setiger 9 ( occasionally on 10 or 11 ). 
The tube is parchmentlike with adherent sand grains. 
Remarks: There does not seem to be any variation of specific char- 
acters with size of this species. Onuphis elegam is characterized by its 
short antennae, thick branchiae, and first occurrence of subacicular hooks 
from setiger 9 ( occasionally 10 or 11 ) . 
Distribution: British Columbia to southern California, intertidal to 
23 meters. 
Onuphis farallonensis new species 
Figure 2a-g 
Nothria elegam.— Hartm&n 1944, p. 88, pi. 5, figs. 113-117; 1968 (in 
part), p. 675, figs. 3-4 only. Not IV. elegans Johnson, 1901. 
Material examined: CALIFORNIA, Vehro station 887, east of Middle 
Farallon Island (68 m), Holotype and 6 Paratypes (AHF); Paratype 
(USNM 42026). 
Description: None of the specimens are complete. The holotype is 
3.8 cm long for about 80 setigers, 1.2 mm wide at the 20th setiger. The 
body is subcylindrical. There are dorsal transverse reddish brown bands 
of pigment on the anterior margin of anterior segments (Fig. 2a) and 
traces of pigment on the bases of the prostomial appendages and on the 
dorsal surface of the parapodia. This pigmentation pattern occurs on 
about the first 30 setigers. 
The prostomivun is triangular, and the frontal antennae are elongate- 
oval. The ceratophores of the occipital antennae are distinctly annulated. 
The styli of the inner paired anteima are the longest and reach to setiger 
10 to 13. The palpi are large and globular. 
The presetal lobes of the first few setigers are rounded and have a 
transverse fold (Fig. 2b, c). Postsetal lobes are elongate through about 
the first 10 setigers and gradually diminish in size posteriorly. Ventral 
cirri are cirriform through setiger 3 to 5, depending on size of the worm, 
and are padlike thereafter. The branchiae begin on the first setiger, ex- 
cept in the smallest worm (0.6 mm wide at the first segment) where 
they begin on setiger 4. When fully developed the branchiae are longer 
than the dorsal cirri ( Fig. 2c, d ) . 
The hooded pseudocompound hooks occur in the first 4 to 6 setigers. 
Their distribution in a paratype is as follows: the first setiger has 11 
slender hooks, most of which are bidentate (Fig. 2e), the length of the 
blade is about 40 to 50 times the width of the blade at midlength, there 
from same; g, tip of subacicular hook from 26th parapodium (teeth 
broken). Figures b-g from dissected paratype (AHF). 
532 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Fig. 3. Onuphis iridescens ( F. H. Nichols' collection, Puget Sound ) : 
a, Anterior view of 1st parapodium; b, anterior view of 25th parapodium; 
c, pseudocompound hook from 1st parapodium; d, pseudocompound 
hook from 2nd parapodium of another specimen. 
are 2 stout barely tridentate hooks (Fig. 2f), the second setiger has at 
least 8 slender hooks (7 bidentate, 1 tridentate) and 1 stout bidentate 
hook, the third setiger has 8 slender and 1 stout bidentate hook, the fifth 
setiger has 3 fairly slender and 3 stouter bidentate (or barely tridentate) 
hooks and 2 supraacicular limbate setae. The long slender pseudo- 
compoimd hooks are most noticeable in the first 3 setigers. Hartman 
(1944) has given additional figures of the pseudocompound hooks. 
Eunicean Polychaetes 533 
There are no compound spinigers. Pectinate setae are distally slightly 
oblique, have about 11 teeth, and are first evident on the fifth setiger. 
Subacicular hooks (Fig. 2g) begin on the 10th setiger. 
The mandibles of some specimens are calcified anteriorly. Maxilla I of 
a paratype is falcate. MaxiUa II has 9 teeth on the left and 10 teeth on 
the right. Left maxilla III has 10 teeth and left maxilla IV has 6 teeth. 
The fused right maxilla III and IV has 11 teeth. Both maxillae V have 
a single tooth. 
Sand grains of various sizes (0.1 to 2.0 mm diameter) adhere to the 
parchmenthke tube. 
Diagnosis: An Onuphis species with reddish brown dorsal bands, 
cirriform branchiae from the first setiger, ventral cirri cirriform through 
the 5th setiger, mostly bidentate pseudocompound hooded hooks with 
very long slender blades, and subacicular hooks from the 10th setiger. 
Remarks: This species most resembles O. shirikishinaiensis (Ima- 
jima) in having bidentate pseudocompound hooks Mdth long slender 
blades. Onuphis farallonensis differs from O. shirikishinaiensis in having 
mostly bidentate hooks in the first 4 to 6 setigers, and in the first occur- 
rence of subacicular hooks. 
Distribution: Southern California, in 68 meters. 
Onuphis irtdescens (Johnson) 
Figm-es 3a-d; 4a-c 
Northia (sic) iridescens Johnson 1901, p. 408, pi. 8, figs. 86-87, pi. 9, 
figs. 88-92. 
Nothria sp. near N. elegans and N. iridescens. — Banse, Hobson, and 
Nichols 1968 (in part. Form B only), p. 534. 
Nothria iridescens. — Fauchald 1968, p. 24, pi. 7, fig. a. — Hartman 1944 
(in part), p. 87, pi. 5, figs. 99-104; 1968, p. 681, figs. 1-3.— Moore 
1911, p. 255. Not Hartman 1965, p. 104. 
Onuphis iridescens. — ^E. Berkeley 1927, p. 408. — C. Berkeley 1967, p. 
1056.— Berkeley and Berkeley 1948, p. 93, fig. 140. 
Material examined: BRITISH COLUMBIA, Holotype of N. iridescens 
from Victoria (MCZ 1887). — Off Ruxton Passage, E. Berkeley, collector 
(USNM 38283). WASHINGTON, two specimens from Orcas Island 
(40 m) H. L. Sanders, collector. — Many specimens collected by the 
author from the Strait of Juan de Fuca ( 140-170 m ) . — Banse, Hobson, 
and Nichols' collections from Puget Sound (13-200 m). SOUTHERN 
CALIFORNIA, Vehro stations 893, 981, 1130, 1133, 1135, 1137, 1157, 
1348, 2175, 2354, 4785, 7028 (25^30 m) (AHF). 
Description: The inner paired antennae of this species usually reach 
to setiger 13 to 20 (range, 7 to 25). The branchiae begin on the first 
setiger except in smaller specimens (see Fig. 4a). The first few pairs of 
branchiae are shorter than the dorsal cirri ( as in Fig. 3a ) , but exceed the 
dorsal cirri in length thereafter. The branchiae are slender throughout 
534 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
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Fig. 4. Variation in specific characters of O. iridescens versus width 
of 1st segment (ram) : a, First setiger with branchiae; b, last setiger with 
cirriform ventral cirrus; c, first setiger with subacicular hooks. 
Eunicean Polychaetes 535 
(Fig. 3b). The ventral cirri are usually cirriform through setigers 5 to 7, 
but through only 2 to 4 on smaller specimens (see Fig. 4b). 
The first 3 to 5 setigers have tridentate pseudocompound hooks (Fig. 
3c, d ) . The distal tootli of these setae usually extends further than in the 
setae of O. elegans; however, this character does not separate the species 
reliably. Narrowly limbate setae are present from the first setiger and 
appear faintly hairy. I have found pectinate setae no earlier than the 4th 
setiger. Subacicular hooks usually begin on setigers 11 to 14, but as 
early as 8 to 10 in smaller specimens (see Fig 4c). 
The tube is parchmentlike with adherent sand grains or a thick coating 
of mud. 
Remarks: The size of individuals of O. iridescent must be considered 
when defining this species because of the size-dependent variation of 
some important characters (summarized in Figm-e 4). The juveniles 
( :^ 0.6 mm viddth at first segment) depicted in Fig. 4a-c all have slender 
branchiae, and were collected from stations where the only Onuphis 
species known to occur are O. iridescens or O. iridescens and O. elegans. 
Therefore these specimens probably do represent juveniles of O. irides- 
cens. 
Onuphis iridescens occasionally has been regarded as being close to 
O. elegans, if not synonymous (Hartman 1944, 1961; Monro, 1930). In 
Washington and British Columbia the adult specimens of the two species 
are easily distinguished by the shape of their branchiae, the first occur- 
rence of subacicular hooks, and the length of the inner paired antennae. 
In California, however, some specimens have been found that appear to 
be intermediate between the two species (see below). 
Onuphis iridescens occurs in deeper water than does O. elegans. 
Moore (1911) reports the former species from as deep as 1460 m in 
Monterey Bay; Fauchald (1968) reports it from as deep as 2400 m in 
western Mexico; Ushakov (1950) reports it from 252-1643 m in the Sea 
of Okhotsk; and Monro (1930) reports it from 650 m near the southern 
tip of South America. I have not verified the records from the western 
Pacific or southern Atlantic by examination of material. 
Distribution: British Columbia to western Mexico, possibly also in the 
Sea of Okhotsk and the South Atlantic Ocean. In 13 to 2400 meters. 
Onuphis sp. "intermediates" 
Onuphis iridescens. — Hartman 1944 (in part), p. 87. 
Material examined: CALIFORNIA, Tomales Bay (PMS 180240, 
180242).— Southern California, Velero stations 887, 893, 1126, 2114, 2314, 
3048, and 4842 (8-143 m) (AHF). 
Description: These specimens range from 0.6 to 1.4 mm in width at 
the first segment. They may have either no pigmentation pattern or dorsal 
transverse reddish brown bands of pigment on the posterior part of each 
segment or in the intersegmental grooves. The inner paired antennae reach 
to setigers 7 to 17; tlie branchiae are slender throughout; ventral cirri are 
536 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Fig. 5. Onuphis opalina (BCF): a. Anterior view of 24th para- 
podium; b, pseudocompound hook from 1st parapodium. 
cirriform through setigers 5 or 6; hooded pseudocompound hooks are 
tridentate and occasionally have long slender blades; pectinate setae 
occur from the 5th setiger; and subacicular hooks begin on the 9th 
setiger. 
Remarks: The "intermediates" resemble O. iridescens (see above) in 
the shape of the branchiae and O. elegans (see above) in the first 
occurrence of subacicular hooks. These specimens have been found 
in samples with O. iridescens, O. elegans, or O. farallonensis. How- 
ever, I have found no samples from California in which one of these three 
species co-occurs with another. "Intermediates" are not known for 
Washington and British Columbia. In Puget Sound, O. iridescens and 
O. elegans do co-occur in the same grab sample. The "intermediates" 
may result from interbreeding between O. elegans and O. iridescens ( and 
perhaps also O. farallonensis); they may represent a new species; or they 
may belong to a highly variable O. iridescens. Only through a laboratory 
Eunicean Polychaetes 537 
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Fig. 6. First setiger with subacicular hooks versus width of first 
segment (mm) for four species of Onuphis. Values of, say, 13.5 are ob- 
tained from an individual whose subacicular hooks begin on setiger 13 
on one side and 14 on the other side. 
study involving interbreeding of the species in question can this problem 
be resolved. 
Distribution: Southern and central California, in 8 to 143 meters. 
Onuphis opalina (Verrill) 
Figure 5a-b 
Nothria opalina Verrill 1873, p. 102. 
Onuphis (Nothria) opalina. — Pettibone 1963, p. 245, fig. 64. 
Nothria iridescens. — Hartman 1965, p. 104. Not N. iridescens Johnson, 
1901. 
Material examined: NEW ENGLAND, numerous specimens from the 
shelf (26-229 m) (USNM 6110, 6114, 6137, 6144, 6764, 16038; BCF).— 
Four specimens from the slope, H. L. Sanders collector (station Slope 3, 
300 m, 39°58'24"N, 70°40'18"W [AHF]; station Fl, 1500 m, 39°47'N, 
70°45'W). 
Description: There is no noticeable pigment pattern. The inner 
paired anteimae reach setigers 10 to 19. Anterior presetal lobes have a 
transverse fold. Branchiae are slender throughout (Fig. 5a). They 
begin on the first setiger in all specimens examined, except in the two 
specimens from 1500 meters, which have branchiae from the second 
setiger. Ventral cirri are cirriform through setigers 5 to 7, depending on 
the size of the worm. Pseudocompound hooks have 3 stout teeth (Fig. 
5b) and occur on the first 4 to 5 setigers. Subacicular hooks begin on 
setigers 13 to 14, but on 11 in a smaller worm. 
Remarks: Onuphis opalina is very closely related to O. iridescens, 
and its distribution in the northwest Atlantic parallels that of O. iridescens 
in the northeast Pacific. It differs from the latter species in having 
pseudocompound hooks with stouter teeth and a more pointed hood. 
538 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Also, for a worm of a given size, the subacicular hooks begin further 
posteriorly in O. opalina than in O. iridescens (see Fig. 6). Augener 
( 1906 ) reports O. opalina from the West Indies, but his specimens can- 
not be found at the MCZ, so this record cannot be verified. 
Distribution: From the Gulf of St. Lawrence to off Chesapeake Bay, 
possibly also the West Indies. In 26 to 2300 meters. 
Key to Species of Onuphis with Cirriform Branchiae 
from Setiger One 
This key should be used only for specimens wider than 0.6 mm at the 
first segment, because of the size dependency of some of the characters 
in O. iridescens, O. opalina, and possibly O. farallonensis. Because I 
have seen no specimens of the two Japanese species, O. shirikishinaiensis 
(Imajima) 1960, and O. holohranchiata Marenzeller (1879), original 
descriptions were studied for their inclusion in the key. Types of the 
latter species cannot be foimd in Japan, and the species has not been 
collected again from the type locality (M. Imajima, personal communi- 
cation). The four species studied also are distinguished by the first 
occurrence of subacicular hooks with respect to size (see Fig. 6). 
1. Pseudocompound hooded hooks occur in setigers 1 through 4 to 6 
and are mostly bidentate (Fig. 2e) with a few barely tridentate 
(Fig. 2f ) O. farallonensis 
- Pseudocompound hooded hooks tridentate in first 2 setigers and 
mostly bidentate in setigers 3 to 7 O. shirikishinaiensis 
- Pseudocompound hooded hooks mostly tridentate (Figs. Id; 3c, d) 
and rarely a few bidentate or quadridentate 2 
2. Branchiae of setigers 10 through 60 to 80 are thick (Fig. lb) — . 
O. elegans 
- AU branchiae are slender (Figs. 3b; 5a) 3 
3. Presetal lobes on first 4 parapodia digitate. Subacicular hooks 
begin on setiger 18 O. holohranchiata 
- Presetal lobes on anterior parapodia rounded (Fig. 3a). Sub- 
acicular hooks begin before setiger 15 4 
4. Pseudocompound hooded hooks with short stout teeth and pointed 
hood (Fig. 5b). Subacicular hooks begin on setiger 13 to 14 
(Fig. 6) O. opalina 
- Pseudocompound hooded hooks with more slender teeth and less 
pointed hood (Figs. 3c, d) 5 
5. Subacicular hooks begin on setiger 9 Onuphis sp. "intermediates" 
- Subacicular hooks begin on setigers 11 to 14 (Fig. 6) .— O. iridescens 
LUMBRINERIDAE 
Lumhrineris Blainville 
Lumhrineris pallida Hartman 
Figure 7a-e 
Lumhrineris pallida Hartman 1944, p. 166, pi. 12, figs. 270-274, pi. 13, 
figs. 275-277; 1968, p. 773, figs. 1-6. 
Eunicean Polychaetes 
539 
0.1 mm 
Fig. 7. Lumbrineris pallida ( USNM 42661 ) : a, Dorsal view of 
anterior end; b, anterior view of 20th parapodium ( some setae missing ) ; 
c, compound hook from 7th parapodium; d, dorsal view of pygidium 
slightly from left side; e, dorsal view of maxillae. 
Material examined: CALIFORNIA, Hartman's type specimens from 
Velero station 1205 (AHF), and specimens from Velero stations 1388 and 
4802 (AHF). WASHINGTON, two specimens collected by the author 
from 140 m depth in gravelly mud in the Strait of Juan de Fuca (48°22.4' 
N, 124°26.3'W) (USNM 42661; AHF). 
Description ( specimens from Washington ) : A complete specimen 
has about 105 setigers and is about 0.8 mm wide without parapodia. 
The prostomivmi ( Fig 7a) is bluntly conical. 
The postsetal lobes of the parapodia (Fig. 7b) are longer than the 
540 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
presetal lobes. In posterior segments, the postsetal lobes are only 
slightly longer than in anterior segments. In the California material the 
postsetal lobes are distally broader than in the Washington specimens. 
The compound hooded hooks (Fig. 7c) occur from the first setiger 
through the 14th and 18th setigers. Capillary setae begin on the first 
setiger, gradually increase in length posteriorly and disappear at the 
37th setiger. They appear to be longest at about the 20th setiger. In 
this region, a typical parapodimn has four long limbate setae (the lower 
two being the longer ones) dorsal to and three simple hooded hooks 
ventral to the aciculae. The aciculae are black throughout the body. 
The pygidiimi (Fig. 7d) terminates in four cirri, of which the dorsal 
pair is the longer one. 
MaxiUa I is falcate; II has 4 teeth on each side, or there may be a 
small fifth tooth on the right side; III and IV appear vmidentate ( Fig. 7e ) . 
Maxilla IV lacks the broad base depicted by Hartman ( 1944 ) . 
Distribution: Washington, in 140 meters (new record); southern Cali- 
fornia and Todos Santos Is., Mexico in 44 to 104 meters. 
Ababellidae 
Drilonereis Claparede 
Drilonereis longa Webster 
Drilonereis longa Webster 1879, p. 240, pi. 7, figs. 84-88. — Hartman 
1968, p. 801, fig. 1.— Pettibone 1963, p. 272, fig. 72. 
Material examined: WASHINGTON, one specimen (USNM 42662) 
collected by the author from 140 m depth in gravelly mud in the Strait 
of Juan de Fuca (48°22.4'N, 124°26.3'W). MASSACHUSETTS, speci- 
mens from nvimerous stations in Cape Cod Bay (now deposited in Gray 
Museum ) . 
Description: The specimen from Washington is 0.8 mm wide without 
parapodia and in several pieces. There appear to be 5 and 6 teeth on 
maxiUae I and II, respectively. Maxillae III and IV are imidentate. The 
mandibles are missing, a condition which Webster noted in some of his 
specimens. The anterior parapodia are inconspicuous, and the far 
posterior parapodia are noticeably bilabiate. 
Distribution: Washington (new record), southern California, and 
Massachusetts to Georgia. Intertidal to 2452 meters. 
DORVILLEIDAE 
Dorvillea Parfitt 
Dorvillea caeca (Webster and Benedict) 
Staurocephalus caecus Webster and Benedict 1884, p. 721, pi. 4, figs. 
44-48.— Ushakov 1955, p. 246, fig. 83. 
Stauronereis caecus. — Pettibone 1963, p. 233, fig. 61; — 1961, p. 181. 
Material examined: WASHINGTON, near Orcas Island, 76 specimens 
collected by H. L. Sanders from muddy sediment in Massacre Bay (15 m). 
Eunicean Polychaetes 541 
Hamey Pass (27 m), and West Sound (40 m) (14 specimens, USNM 
42663; 62 specimens, in reference collection of Friday Harbor Labora- 
tories). MASSACHUSETTS, numerous stations in Cape Cod Bay 
(4-58 m) (CM). 
Description: The specimens from Washington have the furcate setae 
characteristic of this species, and seem to be identical to the Cape Cod 
Bay specimens. 
Distribution: Washington (new record), Sea of Okhotsk, Bering Sea, 
Gulf of St. Lawrence to Massachusetts. Low water to 155 meters. 
Protodorvillea Pettibone 
Protodorvillea gracilis (Hartman) 
Stauronereis gracilis Hartman 1938, p. 100, figs. 36-38. 
Protodorvillea recuperata Banse and Nichols 1968, p. 225, fig. 1. 
Dorvillea gracilis. — Hartman and Reish 1950, p. 25. 
Dorvillea kefersteini. — ^Berkeley and Berkeley 1960, p. 791. — C. Berkeley 
1967, p. 1056. Not Staurocephalus kefersteini Mcintosh 1869. 
Protodorvillea gracilis. — ^Pettibone 1961, p. 180. — Hartman 1968, p. 825, 
figs. 1-3. 
Material examined: WASHINGTON, Puget Sound, Holotype of P. 
recuperata (USNM 36282). CALIFORNIA, Holotype of S. gracilis 
(USNM 20364; Paratype, AHF). —Velero stations 905, 1451, and 2788 
(AHF). WESTERN CANADA, E. and C. Berkeleys' specimen from 
plankton (50-0 m) (USNM 39304). 
Description: The structure of the parapodial lobe of P. gracilis and 
the emergence of the setae are as described below for P. kefersteini. The 
lobe from which the compound setae emerge may be withdrawn and 
appear as in Fig. 37 of Hartman (1938) or it may be extended as in 
Fig. 8b. 
The Berkeleys' specimen, taken from a plankton sample, has very long 
capillary setae in its median parapodia. 
Remarks: Banse and Nichols (1968) also noted that some parapodial 
lobes of a specimen may be withdrawn. The only difference that I have 
observed between the specimens of P. gracilis from Washington and 
specimens of P. kefersteini from Massachusetts and Ireland is the prom- 
inence of the subterminal spines on the compound setae of the former 
(see Banse and Nichols, 1968, Fig. Ih, i); I could discern subterminal 
spines only on the superiormost compound setae of the latter, where they 
are fairly indistinct. 
Although the minor difference between P. kefersteini and P. gracilis 
probably is not of specific importance, it seems best at present to retain 
the latter name for the populations of the northeastern Pacific. 
Distribution: British Columbia (new record, by Berkeleys 1960, as 
D. kefersteini), Washington (new record, by Banse and Nichols 1968, as 
P. recuperata), Oregon and California. Intertidal zone and shelf depths. 
542 Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 
Fig. 8. Protodorvillea kef ersteini {GM 1412) -. a, Dorsal view of ante- 
rior end; b, posterior view of 10th parapodium; c, furcate seta; d, com- 
pound seta (next to uppermost). 
Protodorvillea kef ersteini (Mcintosh) 
Figure 8a-d 
Staurocephalus kefersteini Mcintosh 1869, p. 417, pi. 16, fig. 11. — South- 
em 1914, p. 84. Not Darvillea kefersteini Berkeley and Berkeley 1960. 
Protodorvillea kefersteini. — ^Pettibone 1961, p. 180. 
Material examined: SCOTLAND, Lochmaddy, a type specimen of 
S. kefersteini (BMNH). IRELAND, Blacksod Bay, R. Southern col- 
lector (BMNH). MASSACHUSETTS, Cape Cod Bay in gravelly sand 
(St. 1412, 15 m, 41°54.5'N, 70°8.0'W and St. 1514, 18 m, 41°53.5'N, 
70°10.7'W) (200+ specimens, CM; 8 specimens, USNM 42027). 
Description: The complete specimens are about 5 mm long for 50 to 
60 setigers. They differ from the specimens of Mcintosh and Southern in 
lacking eyes. The antennae are clavate and very indistinctly articulated 
(Fig. 8a). In many specimens, there is no noticeable articulation. The 
parapodial lobes are usually prolonged (Fig. 8b), but may be so with- 
drawn that they do not extend much beyond the acicula. The dorsal cirri 
are variable in form and may be more prolonged than is shown in Fig. 
8b. The fiurcate setae have two nearly equal branches (Fig. 8c). The 
compound setae (Fig 8d) emerge from the tip of the parapodium; thus 
there are neither presetal nor postsetal lobes. 
Eunicean Polychaetes 543 
The antennae of Mcintosh's and Southern's specimens are clavate and 
as indistinctly articulated as in Fig. 8a. The structure of the parapodium 
and the emergence of the setae are as described for the Cape Cod Bay 
specimens, although the parapodial lobes are not quite as prolonged as 
in the latter. 
Distribution: Massachusetts (new record) and Europe. Intertidal to 
44 meters. 
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