PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 92(4), 1979, pp. 671-676 NOTES ON WESTERN ATLANTIC PIPEFISHES WITH DESCRIPTION OF SYNGNATHUS CARIBBAEUS N. SP. AND COSMOCAMPUS N. GEN. C. E. Dawson Abstract. — The North Atlantic is shown to be the type locahty of Syng-nathus pelagicus Linnaeus. Syngnathus rousseau is a junior synonym of 5. pelagicus and the so-called Caribbean Pipefish is described as S. caribbaeus n. sp. Cosmocampus n. gen. (type-species Corythoichthys albirostris Kaup) is proposed for western Atlantic species formerly referred to Corythoichthys Kaup. A review of western Atlantic pipefishes is nearing completion but some delay in publication is anticipated. Certain matters pertinent to this review have been treated previously (Dawson, 1977a, 1977b, 1978; Dawson and Allen, 1978) and this report introduces new names and information which may be of immediate interest to other workers. I here discuss the type locality and distribution of Syngnathus pelagicus, describe the presently innominate "Caribbean Pipefish" (Herald, 1965) and diagnose a new genus to accommodate western Atlantic species formerly referred to Corythoich-thys Kaup and provisionally transferred to Syngnathus Linnaeus by Daw-son (1977a). Methods follow Dawson (1977a); materials examined are de-posited in collections of the Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Museum (GCRL), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) and National Museum of Natural His-tory, Smithsonian Institution (USNM). Syngnathus pelagicus Linnaeus Linnaeus (1758:337) described S. pelagicus from Osbeck (1757) and in-dicated the habitat, often accepted as the type locality, as "in Fuco na-tante." Jordan and Evermann (1896) cited Osbeck's locale as "open sea in floating seaweed," whereas Weber and de Beaufort (1922), Herald (1943) and others, apparently misled by the title of Osbeck's report, considered the type locality to be the East Indies. Reference to Osbeck (1757, 1771) shows clearly that his material was found among Sargassum (as Fucus natans or Sargazo) collected in the North Atlantic between 17.5°N, 37°2rW (of London) and 24.5°N, 39°09'W (of London) during the period 7-25 May 1752. The Sargassum Pipefish has been reported from most temperate, sub-
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