PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 92(3), 1979, pp. 589-600 A NEW SPECIES OF PRIMARY BURROWING CRAYFISH OF THE GENUS CAMBARUS FROM THE RIDGE AND VALLEY PROVINCE IN TENNESSEE Raymond W. Bouchard and David A. Etnier Abstract. — Cambarus {Depressicambarus) deweesae, a new species of primary burrowing crayfish, is described from the Ridge and Valley province in Anderson and Roane counties, Tennessee (Tennessee River basin). The known localities lie near the foot of Walden Ridge, an escarpment that delimits the eastern margin of the Cumberland Mountains and Cumberland Plateau sections of the Appalachian Plateaus province. Color notes describ-ing its reddish color pattern, relationships with its closest ally C. (D.) stria-tus Hay, distribution, life history notes and ecological data are presented. The burrowing habits of North American crayfishes were noted as early as 1817 by Constantine S. Rafinesque in his description of Cambarus fossor (suppressed senior synonym of C. {Lacunicambarus) diogenes Girard (1852:88), see Hobbs, 1967:126). The fossorial Cambarus diogenes and chimneys marking its burrows were illustrated in the early 1800's by John James Audubon in a portrait of the white ibis. He later included a description of the methodology employed by this bird to extract crayfish from burrows. Despite an early knowledge of burrowing crayfishes (the first epigean species from North America was described by Fabricius in 1798), our knowl-edge concerning life history aspects and distributions of many primary bur-rowers remains incomplete. A number of new species of primary burrowers, all with Hmited ranges, have been described recently (see Hobbs, 1973:463, 469; Hobbs, 1975:24, 28; Schuster, 1976:225; Bouchard, 1978:37), and al-though many thorough crayfish surveys have been conducted in the south-eastern United States and neighboring areas it seems certain that additional species of primary burrowing crayfishes will be discovered here. Cambarus {Depressicambarus) deweesae, new species Figs, la-1 Cambarus {Cambarus) diogenes. — Ortmann, 1931:154, 156, 157 [all in part]. Diagnosis. — Body and eyes with pigment. Rostrum without spines or tu-bercles. Areola 41.8 to 44.6 percent of total length of carapace (47.2 to 50.5 percent of postorbital carapace length) and obliterated or nearly so with space for no more than 1 punctation. Cervical spines reduced to small.
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