PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
110(l):74-98. 1997. 
New records of marine Isopoda from Cuba (Crustacea: Peracarida) 
Brian Kensley, Manuel Ortiz, and Marilyn Schotte 
(BK & MS) Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, 
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A.; 
(MO) Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, La Habana, Cuba 
Abstract. — Seven new species are described from localities on both the north 
and south coasts of C ba: Cyathura (Cyathura) esquivel, Mesanthura frances, 
Joeropsis juvenilis, Joeropsis unidentata, Dynamenella nuevitas, Paraimene 
ibarzobalae, Paraimene tumulus. Several new records, including Carpias har- 
rietae, Caecijaera horvathi, and Sphaeromopsis mourei are noted. The material 
was collected from a range of habitats, including shallow coral reefs, man- 
groves, seagrass beds, coastal lagoons, river mouths, rocky and sandy shore 
inter-/and shallow infratidal areas. 
Knowledge of the marine, freshwater, and 
cave isopod fauna of Cuba has grown slow- 
ly, from the earliest records of two species 
of Aega by Schioedte & Meinert in 1879. 
Numerous short papers, often describing a 
single species, have accumulated over the 
years. The first cave isopod was described 
by Hay in 1903; since then several addition- 
al species especially in the genus Cyathura 
have been added to the list. Coineau & Bo- 
tosaneanu (1973) produced the only report 
on interstitial isopods from Cuba. Ortiz et al. 
(1987) provided an updated list of Cuban 
isopods along with a bibliography. From the 
relatively small number of species in this 
list, it is obvious that many more await dis- 
covery, as many regions of the island's shal- 
low and deep waters have not been collect- 
ed. In an attempt to fill some marine distri- 
butional gaps, and to document the diversity 
of several groups of shallow water marine 
organisms, two collecting trips, in April 
1994, and May/June 1995, were carried out 
jointly by Cuban and Smithsonian Institution 
scientists. This work was sponsored chiefly 
by the Center for Marine Conservation, 
Washington, D.C. The 1994 trip was based 
aboard the R/V Ulises, which travelled along 
the north coast through the Archipielago de 
Camagiiey as far as Bahia de Nuevitas, stop- 
ping at several localities to carry out inten- 
sive sampling. The 1995 trip was to the 
south-western part of the island, mainly in 
the region around the Isla de la Juventud. 
The material reported in this paper was 
collected primarily by the authors, although 
several other individuals assisted. K-CUBA 
station numbers refer to field notes for the 
two trips. Holotypes have been deposited in 
the Centro Colecciones Naturales Marinas, 
Instituto de Oceanologia (IO), Havana, 
Cuba; paratypes and additional materials are 
deposited in both the CCNM and the Na- 
tional Museum of Natural History (USNM), 
Smithsonian Institution. An annotated 
checklist of the marine isopod fauna of Cuba 
is being compiled, based on a variety of 
sources of material. 
Dimensions in millimeters are always to- 
tal length measured along the dorsal midline. 
Systematic Section 
Suborder ANTHURIDEA Leach, 1814 
Family Anthuridae Leach, 1814 
Cyathura (Cyathura) esquivel, new 
species 
Figs. 1, 2 
Material. — Holotype, IO- 12.055, 8 2.5 
mm, Allotype, IO- 12.057, ovigerous $ 4.0 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
75 
H 
Fig. 1. Cyathura esquivel, new species. A, Ovigerous female in dorsal view, scale = 1 mm; B, Antenna; C, 
6 Antennule; D, 9 Antennule; E, Mandible; F, Maxilla; G, Maxilliped; H, 9 Pleopod 1 ; I, 6 Pleopod 1 ; J, 6 
Pleopod 2. 
76 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 2. Cyathura esquivel, new species. A, Pleotelson; B, Uropodal endopod and exopod; C, 8 Pereopod 1, 
mesial surface; D, Pereopod 2; E, Pereopod 7; F, 9 Pereopod 1, lateral surface; G, 9 Pereopod 1, mesial surface. 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
77 
mm, Paratypes, IO- 12.056, 4 8, 4 oviger- 
ous 9, 5 non-ovigerous 9; Paratypes, 
USNM 253270, 5 8,4 ovigerous 9, 9 non- 
ovigerous 9, 4 manca, sta K-CUBA-22, 
Cayo Esquivel, north coast of Cuba, coral 
rubble from exposed side of cay, 2-2.5 m, 
12 Apr 1994. — 4 8 2.5 mm, 2 non-oviger- 
ous 9, 12 manca 1.8-2.2-mm, sta K-CU- 
BA-35, Cayo Coco, north coast of Cuba, 
coral rubble from shallow reef area, 1.5-2 
m, 14 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Male: Antennule with pe- 
duncle article 3 shorter than in female, car- 
rying distal band of fine aesthetascs; flagel- 
lum of 2 articles, basal article also carrying 
band of fine aesthetascs. Pereopod 1, mesial 
surface of propodus having row of about 14 
setae. Pleopod 1, endopod shorter than, and 
about V3 width of exopod. Pleopod 2, en- 
dopod having slender, parallel- sided copu- 
latory stylet articulating in proximal half of 
mesial margin, with 3 distal plumose mar- 
ginal setae; exopod with transverse suture 
in distal half, 5 plumose marginal setae dis- 
tally. 
Pigment pattern similar in male and fe- 
male, with large red-brown chromatophores 
in band between eyes and forming 2 pos- 
terior lobes on dorsal cephalon. Pereonites 
each with fine dorsal squiggles, those on 
pereonite 2 forming 2 contiguous rings be- 
ing most characteristic. Pleon with pair of 
irregular lateral rings often with intersecting 
line. 
Ovigerous female: Body proportions: 
C<1>2>3=4=5=6>7>P. Cephalon wider 
than middorsal length, with low rounded 
rostrum. Eyes well pigmented. Body bent 
between pereonites 1 and 2. Anterior fused 
segments of pleon short. Pleotelson with 
broad transparent marginal band, having 6 
pairs of submarginal setae in posterior half, 
slightly bilobed posterior margin with elon- 
gate pair of setae submesially. 
Antennule having 3 relatively large arti- 
cles; flagellum of 3 short articles, together 
shorter than peduncle article 3; terminal ar- 
ticle bearing 2 aesthetascs. Antennal pedun- 
cle with article 2 stout, grooved to accom- 
modate antennule; articles 3 and 4 sub- 
equal; article 5 longer than 4; flagellum of 
2 very short setose articles. Mandibular in- 
cisor of 3 sclerotized cusps; lacinia dentata 
having 8 teeth; molar thin-walled, distally 
rounded; palp with article 2 twice length of 
article 1; article 3 short, bearing 5 stout se- 
tae. Maxilla having single strong spine and 
several slender subsidiary spines. Maxilli- 
ped of 3 articles, article 2 slightly longer 
than 1, with few setae submesially; article 
3 semicircular, with 5 mesial setae; endite 
lacking. Pereopod 1, carpus short, lacking 
free anterior margin, with 2 setae distally; 
propodus expanded, with transparent pal- 
mar flange bearing 6 setae on lateral sur- 
face, with low rounded proximal protuber- 
ance, with row of 5 setae on mesial surface; 
unguis % length of rest of dactylus. Pereo- 
pods 2 and 3 with short triangular carpus 
lacking free anterior margin; propodus 
roughly rectangular, with stout serrate pos- 
terodistal spine; unguis Vi length of rest of 
dactylus, with small accessory spine at its 
base. Pereopods 4-7 similar, carpus trian- 
gular, with short free anterior margin; prop- 
odus with several posterodistal scales and 
stout serrate posterodistal spine. Pleopod 1 
protopod with 2 coupling hooks; exopod 
opercular; endopod subequal to exopod in 
length, between Vi and % width of exopod. 
Uropodal endopod roughly ovate, with 
broad transparent border and numerous 
marginal setae; exopod with broad trans- 
parent border, almost 3 times longer than 
wide, lateral margin crenulate with plumose 
setae set in each gap. 
Remarks. — The only species of the sub- 
genus Cyathura previously recorded from 
Cuba (and from the general Caribbean re- 
gion), is C. cubana Negoescu, 1979, an es- 
tuarine species also known from the main- 
land of Belize (Kensley & Schotte 1989). 
Cyathura cubana differs from C. esquivel, 
which occupies fully marine habitats, in 
having a more heavily pigmented and se- 
tose body, in having an evenly rounded 
posterior margin of the pleotelson, a much 
shorter uropodal exopod, a much shorter 
78 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
endopod of pleopod 1 , and a more elongate 
mandibular palp. Cyathura tridentata Wag- 
ner, 1990, from the interstitial intertidal of 
the Dominican Republic, is a blind and un- 
pigmented species, differing in many ap- 
pendage characters from the present spe- 
cies. 
Etymology. — The specific name derives 
from the type locality, Cayo Esquivel. 
Mesanthura frances, new species 
Fig. 3 
Material. — Holotype, IO- 12.058, non- 
ovigerous 9 8.2 mm,'Paratypes, IO- 12.059, 
2 non-ovigerous 9, Paratypes, USNM 
253271, 3 non-ovigerous 9, sta K-CUBA- 
27, Cayo Frances, from clumps of Hali- 
meda in Thalassia flat, shallow infratidal, 
13 Apr 1994. — Non-ovigerous $ 4.1 mm, 
sta K-CUBA-35, Cayo Coco, coral rubble 
from shallow reef area, 1.5-2 m, 14 Apr 
1994. 
Description. — Non-ovigerous female: Body 
proportions: C<1=2<3<4=5>6>7<P. 
Cephalon having low rostral point; with 
well pigmented eyes. Pleonite 6 short, dor- 
sally demarked by pair of posteromedial 
points. Pleotelson ovate, widest at mid- 
length, posteriorly evenly rounded, bearing 
4 pairs of setae. 
Antennule with basal article subequal to 
2 following articles; flagellum of 3 articles, 
terminal article bearing 3 aesthetascs. An- 
tennal flagellum of 4 articles. Mandible 
with 4 serrations in lacinia dentata; molar 
low, rounded; palp article 3 bearing 6 
fringed setae. Maxilla having 6 distal 
spines. Maxilliped with terminal article set 
lateral to mesial line of rest of articles, bear- 
ing 2 circumplumose setae; short endite 
with short terminal seta present. Pereopod 
1, carpus triangular, with 3 rounded scales 
forming posterodistal apex; propodus ex- 
panded, palm having low lobe formed by 3 
or 4 scales, 6 simple setae along palmar 
margin; unguis about half length of rest of 
dactylus. Pereopod 2, carpus triangular, 
lacking free anterior margin; propodus, 
rectangular, with serrate posterodistal spine. 
Pereopods 4-7, carpus having short free an- 
terior margin, short sensory posterodistal 
spine present; propodus rectangular, bearing 
serrate posterodistal spine. Pleopod 1, exo- 
pod operculiform, with 15 plumose margin- 
al setae; endopod slightly shorter than, and 
about one-third width of exopod, bearing 5 
plumose marginal setae distally. Uropodal 
endopod distally ovate, basal width about 3 A 
greatest length, bearing numerous simple 
marginal setae; protopod bearing 7 plumose 
marginal setae; exopod about twice longer 
than greatest width, with slight subdistal 
notch in lateral margin, bearing numerous 
plumose marginal setae. 
Color pattern: Strong red-brown patches 
on cephalon, pereonites, pleon and telson, 
patches continuous across articulations, 
each having open unpigmented central area 
and one or two lateral lobes extending ven- 
trolaterally on pereonites. 
Male: unknown. 
Remarks. — The color pattern of M. 
frances bears some resemblance to M. biv- 
ittata Kensley, 1987, from Belize, and M. 
looensis Kensley & Schotte, 1987, from the 
Florida Keys, but the shape of the individ- 
ual patches which run together middorsally 
is distinctive. Of the nine species of Mes- 
anthura known from the broad Caribbean 
region, only M. paucidens Menzies & 
Glynn, 1968, and M. reticulata Kensley, 
1982, have six spines on the terminal man- 
dibular palp article. The color patterns of 
these two species are so distinctive as to 
prevent any confusion with the present spe- 
cies. 
Etymology. — The specific name derives 
from the type locality, Cayo Frances on the 
north coast of Cuba. 
Suborder Asellota Latreille, 1803 
Family Janiridae Sars, 1899 
Caecijaera horvathi Menzies, 1951 
Fig. 4 
Caecijaera horvathi Menzies, 1951:3, Figs. 
1-3.— Cooke, 1977:105, Fig. 1.— Mai- 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
79 
Fig. 3. Mesanthura frances, new species. A, Holotype, non-ovigerous 9, scale = 1 mm; B, Antennule; C, 
Antenna; D, Mandible; E, Maxilla; F, Maxilliped; G, Pereopod 1; H, Pleopod 1; I, Pleotelson; J, Pereopod 2; 
K, Uropodal endopod; L, Uropodal exopod; M, Pereopod 7. 
80 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 4. Caecijaera horvathi Menzies, 1951. A, Antenna; B, Antennule; C, Uropod; D, S Pleopod 1; E, 6 
Pleopod 2. 
yutina, 1994:33. 
1994:694. 
-Wilson & Wagele, 
Material.— USNM 253273, 5 6 1.0-1.5 
mm, sta K-CUBA-6, Cayo Mendoza, north 
coast of Cuba, with Limnoria sp. in wood 
of rotten and decaying barges lying in mud, 
0.5 m, 10 Apr 1994. 
Remarks. — Ortiz & Lalana (1993) de- 
scribed Caecijaera cojimarensis from lim- 
noriids in wood pilings from Cojimar Bay, 
close to Havana. The present material dif- 
fers from C. cojimarensis in having four (as 
opposed to three) apical setae on each ra- 
mus of 6 pleopod 1 , a more slender 6 pleo- 
pod 2, and more slender rami of the uropod. 
Menzies (1951) described Caecijaera 
horvathi as a commensal of Limnoria sp. 
from California. The species was later re- 
corded from Hawaii (Cooke 1977). The 
present material closely resembles this spe- 
cies, in overall proportions, and in the de- 
tails of the antennules and antennae, uro- 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
81 
B 
Fig. 5. Carpias harrietae Pires, 1981. A, <5 Pereopod 1, with dactylus enlarged; B, 6 Pleopod 1. 
pods, and especially in the structure of 
pleopod 1 6 as illustrated by Cooke (1977, 
fig. lb), (see Fig. 4D). Wilson & Wagele 
(1994:695), however, suggested that the 
Hawaiian material might be a separate spe- 
cies, based on the structure of pleopod 1 8 . 
Three of the five previously described spe- 
cies of Caecijaera (subgenus Caecijaerella 
Kussakin, 1962), all from the Pacific, are 
characterized by a distally broadly truncate 
pleopod 1 S y and an extremely elongate 
coiled stylet of pleopod 2 6 . C. kussakini 
Malyutina, 1994, from Vietnam, however, 
is very similar to Menzies' species, even 
agreeing in the number of antennular fla- 
gellar articles. Given the commensal habit 
of Caecijaera with the wood-boring Lim- 
noria, a. broad, perhaps disjunct distribution 
would not be surprising. A degree of un- 
certainty must remain regarding the identity 
of both the earlier Cuban species as well as 
the present material. More specimens 
would give some idea of variation, and 
careful dissections may resolve the issue. 
Carpias harrietae Pires, 1981 
Fig. 5 
Carpias harrietae Pires, 1981:206, figs. 
1-20.— Kensley & Schotte, 1989:84, fig. 
38F, G. 
Material. — USNM 253272, 7 6\ 3 oviger- 
ous 9, 6 9, sta K-CUBA-35, Cayo Coco, 
north coast of Cuba, coral rubble from shal- 
low reef area, 1.5-2 m, 14 Apr 1994. 
Remarks. — The Cuban material reported 
here includes males with first pereopods as 
illustrated by Pires (1981), but also two 
males having an even larger first pereopod, 
with a far more expanded posterodistal re- 
gion of the carpus. It is concluded that the 
male of Pires' original description is the 
penultimate stage in the maturation of the 
82 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Table 1 . — Distinguishing characters of Caribbean species of Joeropsis. 
Cephalon margins Pleotelson margins 
Rostrum 
Pigment pattern 
bifasciata 
Entire 
6 teeth 
Convex 
coralicola 
Entire 
5 teeth 
Indented 
juvenilis 
Entire 
6 teeth 
Straight 
nigricanita 
Entire 
5 teeth 
Indented 
paradubia 
Entire 
5 teeth 
Convex 
personata 
Serrate 
7-8 teeth 
Triangular 
rathbunae 
Entire 
5-6 teeth 
Convex 
tayronae 
Entire 
Entire 
Indented 
tobagoensis 
Entire 
3 teeth 
Convex 
unidentata 
Entire 
1 tooth 
Convex 
Cephalon and pereonite 4 
Overall reticulation on dor- 
sum 
Cephalon wider than long 
Cephalon; pereonites 2-4; 
light on pereonites 6 and 
7, pleotelson 
Cephalon 
Cephalon dark, reticulation 
on rest of dorsum 
Overall reticulation on dor- 
sum 
Patches on cephalon, per- 
eonites 1, 2, and 4 
Cephalon 
Dimorphic; 6 cephalon; 9 
cephalon and pereonites 
2-A 
male, the final molt being the one illustrated 
here. 
Family Joeropsidae Nordenstam, 1933 
Joeropsis Koehler, 1885 
Remarks. — The genus Joeropsis is well 
represented in coral reef habitats, often with 
three or more species co-occurring. Five 
primary characters serve to distinguish the 
species: pigment pattern, body setation, 
presence or absence of cephalon serrations, 
presence or absence of pleotelson serra- 
tions, and shape of the rostrum. More subtle 
differences such as the general body pro- 
portions, and the shape of the lateral parts 
of the pereonites are also apparent. Of the 
11 species from the broad Caribbean re- 
gion, eight have a dark pigmented dorsum 
of the cephalon, while three have additional 
dark banding on pereonites 2-4 or just on 
pereonite 4. One of the species described 
here displays sexually dimorphic color pat- 
terns. Dimorphic color patterns are also 
known for an undescribed species from 
Dominica, and an undescribed species from 
the Indian Ocean. In the case of J. uniden- 
tata from Cuba, the three dark dorsal per- 
eonites in the female correspond with the 
position of the brood pouch on the ventrum. 
These pigment patterns presumably have 
some camouflage function in reef rubble 
habitats, and can be seen in a range of reef 
organisms, including the anthurids Minyan- 
thura corallicola and Mesanthura punctil- 
lata, the amphipods Concarnes concavus 
and Anamixus hanseni, as well as in tanai- 
daceans and cumaceans. 
Table 1 distinguishes the 11 species of 
Joeropsis recorded from the Caribbean and 
Bermuda. 
Joeropsis juvenilis, new species 
Fig. 6 
Material. — Holotype, IO- 12.053, 6 2.2 
mm, Paratype, USNM 253274, 6 2.0 mm, 
sta K-CUBA-80, Punta del Este, Isla de la 
Juventud, coral rubble with mixed algae, 2- 
3 m, 11 Jun 1995. — 2 6 1.3-1.6 mm, sta 
K-CUBA-78, Punta del Este, Isla de la Ju- 
ventud, coral rubble and algae between cor- 
al heads, 1.5 m, 11 Jun 1995. 
Description. — Body length slightly less 
than 3 times greatest width. Rostrum 2.5 
times wider than median length, anterior 
margin straight. Lateral margins of cephal- 
on entire. Anterolateral angle of pereonite 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
83 
Fig. 6. Joeropsis juvenilis, new species. A, 6, Dorsal view, scale = 0.5 mm; B, Antennule; C, Uropod; D, 
6* Pleopod 1; E, 6 Pleopod 2. 
1 acute, of pereonites 2 and 3 almost right- 
angled, of pereonite 4 rounded. Lateral 
margins of pleotelson having 6 teeth. 
Antennular flagellum of 3 articles, ter- 
minal article bearing 2 aesthetascs. Antenna 
missing in all specimens. Pleopod 1 of 6 
having 9 setae on distomesial lobe. Pleopod 
2 with row of setae on distolateral margin, 
apex narrowly rounded. Uropod with strong 
mesially directed tooth. 
Female: unknown. 
Color pattern: Dense patch of pigment on 
cephalon, stretching between eyes and cov- 
ering most of dorsum. 
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Remarks. — The very broad rostrum of 
this species is its most distinctive feature. 
Etymology. — The specific name, from 
the Latin 'of youth', refers to the type lo- 
cality, Isla de la Juventud, the Isle of Youth. 
Joeropsis unidentata, new species 
Fig. 7 
Material— Holotype, IO- 12.050, 6 2.0 
mm, Allotype, IO- 12.052, ovigerous 9 1.9 
mm, Paratypes, IO- 12.051, 2 6\ 3 9, 
PARATYPES, USNM 253275, 3 6\ 2 ovi- 
gerous 9,4 9, sta K-CUBA-31, Cayo Fr- 
ances (north coast), intertidal algal turf on 
beach rock, scattered coral in shallow infra- 
tidal, strong wave action; 13 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Body length almost four 
times greatest width. Rostrum broadly 
rounded, semicircular, with anteromesial 
band of short bristles. Lateral margins of 
cephalon entire. Anterolateral angle of per- 
eonite 1 narrowly rounded, of pereonites 2- 
4 broadly rounded. Posterolateral angle of 
pereonites 5-7 broadly rounded. Lateral 
margin of pleotelson with single tooth. 
Antennular flagellum of 3 articles, ter- 
minal article bearing 2 aesthetascs. Anten- 
nal flagellum of 6 articles. Pleopod 1 of 8 
having 8 or 9 setae on distomesial lobe. 
Pleopod 2 with dense band of setae on lat- 
eral margin. Uropod with strong mesially 
directed tooth. Operculum of 9, width 
slightly less than median length, distally ta- 
pered, apically rounded. 
Color pattern: Dimorphic; male with 
most of dorsum of cephalon strongly pig- 
mented; dorsum of pereonite 4 with solid 
band posteriorly across segment, becoming 
more diffuse anteriorly. Female with most 
of dorsum of cephalon strongly pigmented; 
pereonites 2-4 with most of dorsum strong- 
ly pigmented. 
Remarks. — The single tooth on the pleo- 
telsonic margin is the most distinctive fea- 
ture of this species. 
Etymology. — The specific name refers to 
the abovementioned single tooth on the lat- 
eral margin of the pleotelson. 
Suborder FLABELLIFERA Sars, 1882 
Family Sphaeromatidae H. Milne 
Edwards, 1840 
Dynamenella nuevitas, new species 
Fig. 8, 9 
Material.— Holotype, IO- 12.048, 8 2.4 
mm, Allotype, IO- 12.049, non-ovigerous 9 
2.4 mm, Paratypes, IO- 12.047, 6 immature, 
north coast of Cuba, sta K-CUBA-1, Cayo 
Mendoza, off La Isabela, algal turf on scat- 
tered intertidal rocks, 10 Apr 1994, coll. 
BK, MS et al.— Paratype, USNM 253276, 
8 , sta K-CUBA-17, Cayo Esquivel near La 
Isabela, 80°03'30"W, 23°02'12"N, algal turf 
on intertidal mangrove roots, 12 Apr 
1994.— Paratype, USNM 253277, 1 non- 
ovigerous 9, sta K-CUBA-47, Bahia de 
Nuevitas, mouth of Saramaguacan River, 
intertidal rocky beach, hand net, coll. MS, 
16 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Male: Eubranchiate sphae- 
romatid with posterolateral margins of pleo- 
telson curved ventrally to form closed, pos- 
teriorly-directed tube. Body length approx- 
imately twice greatest width; surface of ce- 
phalon, pereonites and pleotelson smooth 
and unornamented. Pereonites 2-6 subequal 
in length, pereonite 7 shortest. Coxal su- 
tures distinct. Two pleonal sutures extend- 
ing to posterior margin of pleon only. Pleo- 
telson strongly domed, tapering to relative- 
ly short tube, in ventral aspect about 17% 
length of pleotelson. Pleotelsonic tube en- 
tirely closed ventrally in mature specimens, 
foramen broadly oval to circular in shape. 
Antennular peduncle articles colinear, ar- 
ticle 1 not extended anteriorly; articles 1 
and 3 subequal in length, article 2 consid- 
erably longer; article 3 with 2 plumose se- 
tae. Antennular flagellum of 7 articles, 
aesthetascs present on articles 5 and 6. An- 
tennal peduncle with article 5 longest; fla- 
gellum of 9 articles. 
Epistome somewhat triangular in shape 
with small lateral bulges; anterior margin 
truncate, length about 1.7 greatest width, 
somewhat shorter than labrum. Right man- 
dible with four-cusped incisor, lacinia mob- 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
85 
-&* 
Fig. 7. Joeropsis unidentata, new species. A, 8 Dorsal view, scale = 0.5 mm; B, Ovigerous 9 dorsal view; 
C, Antennule; D, Antenna; E, 8 Pleopod 1; F, Rostrum; G, 8 Pleopod 2; H, Uropod; I, $ Operculum. 
86 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 8. Dynamenella nuevitas, new species. A, 8 Dorsal view, scale = 1 mm; B, 8 Lateral view; C, Posterior 
pleotelson in ventral view; D, Posterior pleotelson viewed end-on; E, Epistome; F, Maxilliped; G, Left Mandible; 
H, Right mandible; I, Maxilla 1; J, Maxilla 2; K, Penes; L, Pleopod 1; M, Pleopod 3; N, 6 Pleopod 2; O, 
Pleopod 4; P, Pleopod 5. 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
87 
Fig. 9. Dynamenella nuevitas, new species. A, Pereopod 1, with dactylus enlarged; B, Pereopod 2; C, 
Pereopod 3; D, Pereopod 4; E, Pereopod 5; F, Pereopod 6; G, Pereopod 7. 
ilis with 3 cusps, spine row of 5 setae, 3 or 
4 of which fringed; molar process as fig- 
ured; palp of 3 articles, decreasing in length 
distally, terminal article bearing 5 setose 
spines, penultimate article with 3 dentate 
spines. Left mandible with incisor of 4 
cusps, molar as figured. Maxillule, inner ra- 
mus with 4 fringed setae and single short 
spine; outer ramus with 7 rather blunt 
spines and 3 sharper, dentate spines. Max- 
illa, outer ramus of exopod with 3 fringed 
spines, inner ramus with 4 simple spines, 
endopod bearing 6 shorter spines, 2 or 3 
fringed. Maxillipedal endite somewhat nar- 
row, with one coupling hook; several small, 
blunt spines on distal margin and setose dis- 
tally; palp with 5 articles, ail setose on dis- 
tomedial margins; lobes 2 and 3 somewhat 
produced distomedially. 
Pereopods 1-7 with simple accessory 
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
spine on dactylus and 2 setae between un- 
guis and accessory spine; all pereopods 
with fringe of short setae on posterior mar- 
gin of propodus, carpus, and merus. Pereo- 
pod 1, propodus with 2 dentate spines at 
posterodistal margin; merus having 1 long, 
simple on anterodistal margin and 1 dentate 
spine on posterolateral margin. Pereopod 2, 
longer and more slender than pereopod 1, 
bearing single plumose seta each at anter- 
odistal corners of propodus and carpus. Pe- 
reopod 3, shorter than pereopod 2, having 
single plumose seta each on anterodistal 
margin of propodus and carpus. Pereopods 
4 and 6, single plumose seta each at anter- 
odistal margin of propodus and carpus. Pe- 
reopod 5, 2 long and 1 shorter spine on an- 
terodistal margin of merus. Pereopod 7, sin- 
gle plumose seta at anterodistal margin of 
propodus; dentate spine at posterodistal 
corner of carpus; 4 dentate spines, 2 long 
and 2 short, plus single plumose seta on 
distal margin of propodus. 
Penes long (length five times greatest 
width) and slender, fused at base, fused area 
about 1/6 of total length; rami narrowing at 
about V 5 of length and tapering to narrowly 
rounded apices. 
Pleopod 1 neither indurate nor triangular, 
3 coupling hooks on peduncle; exopod and 
endopod subequal in length, endopod much 
narrower, width less than one-half of length. 
Pleopod 2, peduncle with 3 coupling hooks; 
appendix masculina slender, more than 
twice length of endopod and bearing short 
marginal setae on distal half of length. Ex- 
opod of pleopod 3 without articulation. 
Pleopod 4, both rami with pleats; exopod 
with several setae on outer margin, apex 
produced into acute tip. Pereopod 5, exopod 
with distal suture and 3 spinulose bosses; 
endopod with setae on proximal half of out- 
er margin; both rami pleated. 
Uropodal rami unornamented, setose 
along external margin and apically, shorter 
than pleotelson; exopod broadly rounded at 
apex, % to 3 4 length of endopod; endopod 
narrowly rounded apically. 
Female: Sexual dimorphism not appar- 
ent. Ovigerous female unknown. 
Remarks. — The new species is clearly re- 
lated to members of the large subfamily 
Dynameninae Bowman, 1981, in having a 
pleotelsonic apex in the male with a notch 
or foramen, the exopod of pleopod 4 un- 
jointed, and usually with branchial folds on 
pleopods 4 and 5. Those species having a 
posteriorly-directed pleotelsonic tube were 
most often assigned to the genus Cymodo- 
cella, but Bruce (1995) has shown that the 
pleotelsonic tube in sphaeromatids may be 
a homoplasic character that evolved more 
than once. Because pleotelsonic foramina 
are variable within genera (e.g., Ischyro- 
mene), Bruce (1995) and Harrison & Hold- 
ich (1982) do not regard that character as 
useful for generic separation. 
With regard to characters for the Ischy- 
romene group enumerated by Bruce (1995), 
D. nuevitas seems not to fall within this 
cluster of genera. Placement of this new 
species in Dynamenella is provisional, 
since it differs in a number of supposedly 
significant generic characters. Like those 
species of Dynamenella s.s., D. nuevitas 
possesses long, tapering fused penial rami, 
a simple unguis on all pereopods, and lacks 
dorsal processes. Differences include the 
lack of sexual dimorphism, a posteriorly- 
directed pleotelsonic tube instead of a dor- 
sally-directed foramen, and a tapering but 
elongate appendix masculina. The new spe- 
cies differs from Paradella for the same 
reasons. The lack of information on the 
morphology of the brood pouch and oos- 
tegites in the ovigerous female further ob- 
scures its correct placement. Discovery of 
similar specimens and the description of the 
female sexual features may justify erecting 
a new genus in the future. 
The samples containing this species 
were all collected in the intertidal on ex- 
posed sides of islands with strong wave ac- 
tion, either among pebbles on a rocky 
beach, on algal-covered rocks (with Padi- 
na, Caulerpa, etc.) or on Rhizophora man- 
grove roots. 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
89 
Etymology. — The specific epithet is part 
of the name of a paratypic locality, Bahia 
de Nuevitas, on Cuba's northern coast. 
Paraimene ibarzabalae, new species 
Fig. 10, 11 
Material. — Holotype, IO-12.045, 6 2.8 
mm, Allotype, IO- 12.046, 3.0 mm, sta 
K-CUBA-74, Punta Frances, Isla de la Ju- 
ventud, coral rubble with mixed algal turf 
in spoil bank near reef flat, 2-4 m, 10 Jun 
1995. Paratypes, USNM 253279, 1 6\ 1 
ovigerous 9, 25 9,9 immature, sta K-CU- 
BA-22, Cayo Esquivel, large chunks of 
dead coral rubble from exposed side of cay, 
2-2.5 m, 12 Apr 1994.— 1 9, sta K-CUBA- 
35, Cayo Coco, rubble from hollows in 
shallow reef area, 1.5-2 m, 14 Apr 1994. — 
1 6\ sta K-CUBA-38, off Cayo Coco, coral 
rubble encrusted with coralline algae, 12- 
15 m, 14 Apr 1994. Other material — 1 6\ 
sta K-CUBA-45, Bahia de Nuevitas, algae 
on rocks and pebbles, 0.5 m, 16 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Male: Body length 2.1 
times greatest width; dorsal integumental 
surface smooth, with scattered setae at lat- 
eral margins and on pleotelson. Cephalon 
with rostral point dorsally visible; epistome 
broadly rounded, crescent shaped, "arms" 
barely extending over labrum; labrum very 
setose distally; eyes large, dorsal. Pereonal 
tergites 1-4 without ornamentation; pereon- 
ites 5 and 6 each with single, low, trans- 
verse carina, extending nearly full width of 
segment; pereonite 7 shorter than, and over- 
lapped by, 6. Suture lines on pleon reaching 
posterior margin only. Pleotelson markedly 
domed with 8 small protuberances in 2 
rows of 4 each, all bearing a single short 
seta; posterior half tapering to narrow apex 
in dorsal view, edges of pleotelson folding 
ventrally to form vertical slit when viewed 
posteriorly. Lateral margins of tergites 2-7, 
pleon and anterior pleotelson upcurved to 
produce concave submarginal area. 
Antennule with 3 basal articles subequal 
in length; flagellum with 7 articles, 5-7 
bearing aesthetascs. Antenna slender, with 
9 setose articles in flagellum. Mandible 
bearing incisor with 3 cusps; lacinia mobilis 
of 5 cusps, spine row of 2 fringed spines; 
palp of 3 articles, article 2 with 3 fringed 
setae on distolateral margin, article 3 bear- 
ing 5 fringed setae distolaterally. Maxilla 1, 
inner ramus with 4 fringed setae; outer ra- 
mus bearing 10 blunt spines. Maxilla 2, in- 
ner ramus with 7 spines, 3 of which fringed; 
outer lobes with 3 and 5 spines each. Max- 
illipedal endite with 4 blunt spines plus 3- 
4 slender, fringed spines on distal margin; 
1 coupling hook; palp with 5 articles, arti- 
cles 2-5 with distomesial lobe bearing nu- 
merous setae. Pereopod 1 shortest, with 
stout spines on posterodistal margin of 
propodus, carpus, and merus. Pereopod 2 
with plumose seta at anterodistal margin of 
propodus and several small, slender setae 
on posterior margins of propodus, carpus, 
merus and ischium. Pereopod 3, with dense 
fringe of setules on posterior margins of 
propodus, carpus, merus and posterodistal 
margin of ischium; 2 long spines each on 
anterodistal margins of propodus and me- 
rus. Pereopod 4, dense fringe of setules on 
posterior margins of propodus, carpus, me- 
rus, and posterodistal margin of ischium; 
plumose seta on anterodistal margin of 
propodus; two strong spines on anterior 
margin of merus. Pereopod 5, fringe of se- 
tules on posterior margin of propodus, car- 
pus, and merus; anterior margin of ischium 
indented to accomodate merus, having two 
long spines on anterodistal margin. Pereo- 
pod 6, fringe on setules on posterior margin 
of carpus, merus, and posterodistal margin 
of ischium. Pereopod 7, fringe of setules on 
propodus and merus; carpus with 6 fringed 
spines at distal margin. Penes short, unfus- 
ed, and distally rounded. Pleopod 1 with 3 
coupling hooks on basis; strong spine on 
anterolateral margin of endopod. Pleopod 2, 
appendix masculina articulating basally, 
width ca. 9 times length, tapering to round- 
ed apex, extending beyond endopod by 1/6 
of length. Pleopod 3 with 3 coupling hooks 
on basis; complete transverse suture in dis- 
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 10. Paraimene ibarzabalae, new species. A, 6 Dorsal view, scale = 1 mm; B, Lateral view; C, Posterior 
pleotelson viewed end-on; D, Antennule; E, Antenna; F, Epistome; G, Left mandible; H, Maxilla 1; I, Maxilliped; 
J, Maxilla 2; K, Pleopod 1; L, 6 Pleopod 2; M, Pleopod 3; N, Pleopod 4; O, Pleopod 5; P, Penes; Q, Uropod. 
tal fifth. Pleopod 4, both rami membranous, 
pleated, endopod acute distally. Pleopod 5, 
both rami membranous, pleated; exopod 
with 3 spinulose bosses, sparse setae on 
outer margin; endopod with setae distally. 
Endopods of uropod distally setose, up- 
turned distally to meet at midline; mesial 
margin deeply grooved to accommodate 
margin of pleotelson. Exopod densely 
fringed on lateral and distal margins, ex- 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
91 
Fig. 11. Paraimene ibarzabalae, new species. A, Pereopod 1; B, Pereopod 2; C, Pereopod 3; D, Pereopod 
4; E, Pereopod 5; F, Pereopod 6; G, Pereopod 7. 
tending somewhat beyond endopod; both 
rami of uropod reaching well beyond apex 
of pleotelson. 
Female: Differs from male in absence of 
carinae on tergites 5 and 6. 
Color pattern: Brown pigmentation 
somewhat variable, sometimes dense, often 
on pereonites 1, 6, 7, pleon and pleotelson; 
scattered chromatophores sometimes on 
rami of uropods. 
Remarks. — The present species is the 
second to be discovered in the western 
hemisphere, following Paraimene charle- 
sae Kensley & Schotte, 1994, from Dom- 
inica. Paraimene ibarzabalae is easily sep- 
arated by the presence of eight protuber- 
ances on the pleotelson, upturned lateral 
margins of the tergites, uropodal endopods 
with distomesially upturned margins which 
meet at midline of body, and by the pres- 
ence of low carinae on pereonites 5 and 6 
in the male. 
Further differences in the epistome, man- 
dible, maxilla 2 and in the relative length 
of the appendix masculina are also noted. 
As in the type species P. tuberculata Javed 
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 12. Paraimene tumulus, new species. A, 6 Dorsal view, scale =1.5 mm; B, 6 Lateral view; C, 9 
Pleotelson; D, Posterior pleotelson viewed end-on; E, Posterior pleotelson in ventral view; F, Epistome; G, 
Antennule; H, Antenna; I, Left Mandible; J, Maxilliped; K, Maxilla 2; L, Maxilla 1; M, Pleopod 1; N, 6 Pleopod 
2; O, Pleopod 3; P, Pleopod 4; Q, Pleopod 5. 
& Ahmed, 1988, from Pakistan, the second 
pereopod in both Caribbean species is lon- 
ger, more slender and less sclerotized than 
either pereopods 1 or 3. This feature is 
probably a generic feature. In the generic 
diagnosis the coxa of pereopod 7 is de- 
scribed as a narrow dorsally curved tubular 
structure. In both Caribbean species, it is a 
subtriangular and not overlapped by the 
coxa of pereopod 6. Differences between 
the new species and the Pakistani type are 
most readily seen in the ornamentation of 
the pleotelson and pereonites. 
Etymology. — The species is named for 
Mrs. Diana Ibarzabal, who kindly aided us 
in field work and collected the new species. 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
93 
Fig. 13. Paraimene tumulus, new species. A, Pereopod 1; B, Pereopod 2; C, Pereopod 3; D, Pereopod 4; 
E, Pereopod 5; F, Pereopod 6; G, Pereopod 7. 
Paraimene tumulus, new species 
Fig. 12, 13 
Material— Holotype, IO-12.060, 6 3.0 
mm, Allotype, USNM 253280, 9 2.6 mm, 
Paratype, USNM 253281, 6\ sta K-CUBA- 
3 1 , Cayo Frances, algal turf on beach rock 
on exposed side of cay, shallow infratidal, 
13 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Male: Body length twice 
greatest width; dorsal integument of pereon 
smooth, glabrous. Cephalon domed, tiny 
rostral point barely visible in dorsal view; 
epistome nearly semi-circular anteriorly, di- 
verging extensions squared distally; eyes 
large, dorsolateral. Pereonites unornament- 
ed; pereonite 6 with slightly raised trans- 
verse ridge posteriorly. Lateral margins of 
pereonites 6 and 7 slightly upcurved. Pleon- 
ite short with posterior midsection project- 
ing dorsally, lateral margins upcurved. 
Pleotelson anteriorly bulbous, granular and 
pitted, bearing row of 4 rounded bosses an- 
teriorly and 4 elongate bosses posteriorly; 
posterior half tapering to rounded apex. 
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Antennule with peduncular articles de- 
creasing in relative length distally; flagel- 
lum of 7 articles, second and fourth articles 
each bearing 2 aesthetascs, articles 3 and 5 
with single aesthetasc. Antenna subequal in 
length to antennule, fifth article longest; fla- 
gellum with 11 articles. Mandible with in- 
cisor of 3 cusps, sclerotized lacinia mobilis 
with 2 cusps; spine row of 4 fringed setae; 
molar broad with marginal teeth and few 
setae; palp of 3 articles, article 2 with 3 
fringed setae, article 3 with 5 fringed setae 
distally. Maxilla 1 , inner ramus with 4 stout 
fringed setae; outer ramus with 9 blunt 
spines, 4 of which faintly dentate. Maxilla 
2, inner ramus bearing 6 setae on disto- 
mesial margin and 2 setae distolaterally; 
both lobes of outer ramus with 4 fringed 
spines. Maxillipedal endite with one cou- 
pling hook and single fringed spine on me- 
sial margin, distal margin with 8 stout, 
fringed setae; palp of 5 articles, each with 
developed distomesial setose lobe. Pereo- 
pod 1 with dense fringe of setules on pos- 
terior margins of propodus, carpus, ischium 
and merus; single stout fringed seta at pos- 
terodistal margin of propodus, carpus, and 
merus. Pereopod 2 markedly more slender 
and less setulose than pereopods 1 or 3. 
Pereopods 3-6 with fringe of short setae on 
posterior margin of propodus, carpus, me- 
rus, and posterodistal margin of ischium; 
long setae as figured on anterior margins of 
carpus, propodus, merus and ischium. Pe- 
reopod 4, ischium indented to receive car- 
pus. Pereopod 7, fringe of setules on pos- 
terior margin of propodus and merus; stout 
dentate spines on posterodistal margins of 
carpus and merus. Penes unfused, short, 
stubby, rounded distally. Pleopod 1, 3 cou- 
pling hooks on distomesial margin; endo- 
pod triangular, exopod elliptical. Pleopod 2, 
basis with 3 coupling hooks; exopod ellip- 
tical and shorter than endopod; endopod 
with appendix masculina attached basally, 
extending beyond apex of ramus by one- 
third of length, with fine setae on anterior 
half of mesial margin. Pereopod 3, exopod 
with complete transverse suture in distal 
fifth; row of fine setae on mesial margins 
of basis and endopod and lateral margin of 
exopod. Pereopod 4, both rami membra- 
nous, endopod distally narrow. Pleopod 5, 
both rami membranous, exopod with distal 
transverse suture and 3 spinulose bosses. 
Uropodal rami subequal, extending some- 
what beyond apex of pleotelson, not meet- 
ing in midline; exopod rounded apically; 
endopod slightly emarginate distally with 
distomesial edges upturned against pleotel- 
son. 
Female: Lacking raised ridges on poste- 
rior margins of pereonite 6 and pleonite; 
sculpturing on pleotelson less distinct than 
in male; uropodal rami subequal in length 
to pleotelson, endopod lobed distomesially 
and strongly upturned against pleotelson. 
Remarks. — This second Paraimene from 
Cuba is most closely related to P. dianae 
but differs in the sculpturing of the pleotel- 
son, the length of the uropods, the shape of 
the epistome, and in the relative length of 
the appendix masculina. The uropodal en- 
dopod differs in shape and is not grooved 
along the inner margin to fit against the 
pleotelson as in the male of P. dianae. The 
absence of strong carinae on pereonites 5 
and 6 in the latter species helps further to 
distinguish the new species. Paraimene 
charlesae Kensley & Schotte, 1994, de- 
scribed from Dominica, can be readily iden- 
tified by three protuberances on each side 
of the pleotelson in the male. The bifid ac- 
cessory dactylar spine found in P. charle- 
sae and in the type P. tuberculata Javed & 
Ahmed, 1988, from Pakistan is not a con- 
sistent feature in the two species from 
Cuba, although in both of these there is at 
least one spine placed between the unguis 
and accessory spine in all pereopods. 
The habitat of the P. tumulus is similar 
to that of the type species and of P. char- 
lesae, namely, algal turf in the infra-inter- 
tidal zone of rocky beaches. 
Etymology. — The specific name, used as 
a noun in apposition, is from the Latin tu- 
mulus, a raised mound or hillock, and refers 
to features on the pleotelson. 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
95 
Fig. 14. Sphaeromopsis mourei (Loyola e Silva, 1960). A, 6 Dorsal view, scale = 2 mm; B, Antennule; C, 
Epistome and antenna; F, Maxilla 1; G, Maxilla 2; H, Maxilliped; Pleopod 1; K, S Pleopod 2; L, Pleopod 3; 
M, D, Penes; E, Uropod; F, I, Left mandible; J, Pleopod 1; K, 6 Pleopod 2; L, Pleopod 3; M, Pleopod 4; N, 
Pleopod 5. 
96 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 
Fig. 15. Sphaeromopsis mourei (Loyola e Silva, 1960). A, Pereopod 1; B, Pereopod 2; C, Pereopod 3; D, 
Pereopod 4; E, Pereopod 5; F, Pereopod 6; G, Pereopod 7. 
Sphaeromopsis mourei 
(Loyola e Silva, 1960) 
Fig. 14, 15 
Pseudosphaeroma mourei Loyola e Silva, 
1960:138, figs. 22, 23.— Menzies & 
Glynn, 1968:66.— Holdich & Jones, 
1973:393. 
Sphaeromopsis mourei: Holdich & Harri- 
son, 1981:295. 
Material— USNM 253282, 5 6 9 2 ovi- 
gerous 9,2 9,2 juveniles, sta K-CUBA- 
16, Cayo los Dromedarios near La Isabela, 
algae and sponges on mangrove roots, 0.5- 
1 m, 11 Apr 1994. 
Description. — Male: Body length ap- 
proximately 1.9 times width. Cephalon 
broader than long, smooth, convex. Epi- 
stome visible in dorsal view. Frontal lamina 
with broadly rounded apex and concave lat- 
eral margins, somewhat more than twice 
length of clypeus. Pereonites smooth. Pleon 
having single free pleonite with two incom- 
plete sutures. Pleotelson very broadly 
rounded apically, almost truncate, smooth. 
Pigment of brown chromatophores, densest 
at margins of tergites and pleotelson, absent 
in medial a reas, especially of telson. 
Antennular basal article 1.5 times length of 
VOLUME 110, NUMBER 1 
97 
article 2, both bearing plumose setae; flagel- 
lum of 7 articles, articles 4-7 each bearing 
single aesthetasc. Antenna with peduncle ar- 
ticle 3 longest, articles 2 and 3 with plumose 
setae; flagellum of 9 articles. Mandible with 
4 cusps on incisor, spine row with 3 fringed 
spines; palp with 5 stout, dentate spines on 
penultimate article, distalmost article with 7 
fringed setae. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 4 
fringed setae; outer ramus having 9 blunt 
spines, innermost 3 dentate. Maxilla 2, inner 
ramus bearing 2 simple and 3 fringed spines 
as well as thin marginal setae; outer lobes 
with 4 and 6 fringed spines respectively. 
Maxillipedal endite with single coupling 
hook, distal margin having several plumose 
and simple setae and 4 stout spines; palp of 
5 articles, article 3 shortest, all setose. 
Pereopods increasing in length posterior- 
ly. Pereopod 1 with 2 stout, bidentate spines 
on posterior margin of propodus and single 
bidentate spine on carpus. Pereopod 2 mark- 
edly longer and more slender than pereopods 
1 and 3; pereopods 2 and 3 each with single 
plumose seta on posterior margin of carpus, 
stiff setae on merus and ishium. Pereopod 3 
more setose than previous 2 with many short 
setae on posterior margin of basis. Pereo- 
pods 4-7 each with long, stiff spines on pos- 
terodistal margins of ischium and merus; 
carpus in each with several fringed spines 
on distal margin; merus, carpus and propo- 
dus of each with dense fringe of long, fine 
setae. Penile rami fused at base, tapering to 
narrow apices and with small patches of 
short setae on lateral margins at middle one- 
third of length. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 cou- 
pling hooks; fine setae on and near mesial 
margin of endopod. Pleopod 2, endopod tri- 
angular, appendix masculina attached basally 
and tapering gradually to very narrow apex, 
not reaching apex of endopod. Pleopod 3, 
basis with 3 coupling hooks, both rami un- 
divided and with fringe of fine setae on me- 
sial margins. Pleopod 4, both rami with 
transverse pleats and setae on outer distal 
margin of exopod. Pleopod 5, exopod with 
fine setae on outer margin and 3 spinulose 
bosses distally. Uropods extending slightly 
beyond pleotelson, both rami bearing short, 
fine setae distally; endopod faintly crenulate 
apically, slightly shorter than exopod. 
Female: Tergites as in male; pigment pat- 
terns not as pronounced or, largely absent. 
Previous records. — Off several beaches in 
Brazil from Fortaleza in the north to Flori- 
anopolis in the south, 6-15 m. 
Remarks. — It was thought useful to redes- 
cribe and figure this species, as the original 
description is sometimes difficult to obtain, 
and given this great range extension of about 
5000 kilometers. 
Acknowledgments 
Several individuals assisted us with col- 
lecting and sorting, and in numerous ways 
helped to make the two field trips on which 
this paper is based, a scientific success. 
These included Kristian Fauchald, Diana 
Ibarzabal, the crew of the R.V. Ulises, and 
especially Dr. Rodolpho Claro, expedition 
leader from the Institute of Oceanology, Ha- 
vana. The logistics and financial support for 
the two trips were arranged by Dr. Michael 
Smith of the Center for Marine Conserva- 
tion, Washington, D.C., as part of the U.S./ 
Cuban Scientific Exchange program, sup- 
ported by the MacArthur Foundation, and 
the Office of Biodiversity Studies, National 
Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian In- 
stitution. To all of these, our sincere and 
grateful thanks. 
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