218 Bull. zool. Norn., \ol 39, pt 3, September 1982 HYBOSORUS ILLIGERIREICUE, 1853 (INSECTA, COLEOPTERA): PROPOSED CONSERVATION BY USE OF THE PLENARY POWERS. Z.N.(S.)2296 By P.G. AIlsopp (Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Toowoomba, 4350, Australia) Abstract. — Hybosorus laportei Westwood, 1845; H. thoracicus Westwood, 1845; H. roei Westwood, 1845; H. pinguis Westwood, 1845; and H. carolinus Le Conte, 1847, all predate and have been synonymized with H. illigeri Reiche, 1853. H. illigeri can be conserved by giving it precedence over the above five names. In 1803 Illiger (Magazin filr Insektenkunde vol. 2, p. 210) described Scarabaeus arator, the neotype of which is in the collection of the Entomological Institute of the University of Lund, Sweden (Landin, 1964, Opusc. ent. vol. 29, p. 136). Macleay (1819, Horae entomol., p. 120) subsequently erected the genus Hybosorus for this species. However, as Reiche (1853, Annls. ent. Soc. Fr. (3) vol. 1, p. 87) realized, arator Ilhger is a junior primary homonym of Scarabaeus arator Fabricius, 1775. Reiche proposed the new name Hybosorus illigeri. 2. At the same time, Reiche synonymized laportei Westwood, 1845 {Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. ser. 1, vol. 15, p. 440) and thoracicus Westwood, 1845, p. 440 with illigeri. Hence the new name illigeri was unwarranted and either laportei or thoracicus should have been used as a replacement for arator Illiger. The problem is further confounded as roei Westwood, 1845, p. 440, synonymized by Arrow, 1912 (Coleopt. Cat. vol. 43, p. 36); pinguis 'Westwood, 1845, p. 440, synonymized by Endrodi, 1957 (Explor. Pare. natn. Upemba Miss. G.F. de Witte vol. 46, p. 45) and carolinus Le Conte, 1847 (/. Acad. nat. Sci. Phil. vol. 1 (1), p. 84), synonymized by Le Conte, 1862 (Smithson, misc. Collns vol. 3, p. 127) all predate and have been synonymized with illigeri. 3. The species has been known as 'arator' or 'illigeri'' since 1853 (arator must be rejected as a junior primary homonym of arator Fabricius). In accordance with Article 79(b) of the Code, the following are a selection of 'at least 5 different authors and in at least 10 different publications' in which illigeri has been used during the past 50 years: Cartwright, O.L. 1934, Entomol. News, vol. 45, p. 239 Paulian, R. 1937, Bull. Acad, malgache n.s. vol. 19, p. 139 1944, Explor. Pare natn. Albert Miss. G.F. de Witte (1933-1935) vol. 46, p. 4
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