PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 86(2), 1984, pp. 460-461 Note Pineus boerneri Annand (Homoptera: Adelgidae): A New or Another Record from The People's Republic of China? While sampling pine plantations in Liaoning Province in northeastern China during 1982, I discovered two infestations o{ Pineus boerneri Annand (Homop-tera: Adelgidae) previously recorded only from Formosa, New Zealand and the United States (see Annand, P.N. 1928, A Contribution Toward a Monograph of the Adelginae (Phylloxeridae) of North America). Specimens that I collected on May 13 from Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. at Zheng Chio (123°40'E, 41°15'N) and on May 18 from Pinus thunbergiana Franco at Luta (121°40'E, 39°00'N) are identical to ones I collected in the United States during 1 98 1 and 1982 from dying Pinus resinosa Ait. throughout southern New England (McClure, M. S. 1982, Ann. Entomol. Soc. Amer. 75: 150-157) and from P. thunbergiana and P. den-sijlora Sieb. and Zucc. in Connecticut (McClure, M.S. unpublished data). My studies in Connecticut suggested that this adelgid was introduced into the eastern United States and revealed that it can injure and kill P. resinosa (McClure, M. S. 1982, see above). The sampling sites in Liaoning Province, China were pure stands of 15-year-old pines. I examined four branches each in the lower crown of five trees at both plantations and counted the number of adelgids, living and dead, occurring on 50 cm-of three-year-old growth of each branch. The number of nymphs which had died during winter (these remain firmly affixed to the branch) was compared with the number of living individuals to determine percent overwinter mortality. All 10 trees were infested with P. boerneri. Mean number (± one SD) of living adelgids per 50 cm-of branch was 42.0 ± 7.9 at Zheng Chio and 10.0 ± 1.6 at Luta. All living adelgids (n = 260) were either fourth instar nymphs or adults. Hundreds of eggs of P. boerneri were also present on each branch because adults were ovipositing when samples were taken. Mean (± one SD) percent mortality incurred by nymphs during winter was high at Luta (76.6 ± 2.4) and even higher at the northernmost sampling site, Zheng Chio (97.2 ± 2.8) where the average length of the frost-free season is only 160 days and where minimum winter temperature sometimes reaches — 23°C. I argued in a previous paper (McClure, M.S. 1982, see above) that P. boerneri, first described by Annand (1928, see above) from Pinus radiata Don in California, is probably the same species as Pineus laevis described by Maskell (1885, Trans. New Zealand Inst. 17: 13-19) as Kermaphis pini var. laevis from three exotic pines in New Zealand. In their recent checklist of forest insects of China, Yang and Wu (1981, A Checklist of the Forest Insects of China) also consider P. boerneri to be the same as P. laevis. Regardless of whether or not these names are synonyms, it is certainly reasonable to suspect that the adelgid which I collected in northeastern China in 1982 is the same as the one collected in May 1935 on pines in Shanghai ( 1 2 1°35'E, 3 1°20'N) and in Wenling ( 1 2 1°20'E, 28°20'N), Zhejiang Province, China and subsequently identified as P. laevis (Maskell) by Takahashi (1937, Trans. Natur. Hist. Soc. Formosa 27: 11-14) and the unidentified Pineus illustrated in
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