240 Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 56{4) December 1999 Case 3131 Hybognathus stramineus Cope, 1865 (currently Notropis stramineus; Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes): proposed conservation of the specific name Reeve M. Bailey Museum of Zoology, The Universitv of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1079. U.S.A. Abstract. The purpose of this application is to conserve the specific name of Notropis stramineus (Cope, 1865) for a freshwater fish known as the sand shiner (family CYPRINIDAE) from eastern and central North America. The name is widely used and almost universally accepted but is threatened by the little used Cyprinella ludihiunda Girard, 1856 which in 1989 was rendered a senior subjective synonym. It is proposed that the name ludibunda be suppressed, together with the unused putative senior synonym Alburnus lineolatus Putnam, 1863. Keywords. Nomenclature; taxonomy; Osteichthyes; Cypriniformes; cyprinidae; freshwater fish; North America; sand shiner; Notropis stramineus; Cyprinella ludibunda. 1. Girard (1856; see BZN 51: 262-263, September 1994, for the date of publica-tion) described 23 new genera and 133 new species of catostomid and cyprinid fishes, chiefly from the central and western United States, but including some from the eastern U.S. and northern Mexico. Girard's work is cited repeatedly and, although a majority of the new taxa are currently in synonymy, many are presently accepted as valid (nine genera, 37 species and several subspecies). No holotypes were designated, but syntypes were preserved and deposited in the United States National Museum (now the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution) and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia ( ANSP). From these, specimens were distributed to several other museums, especially the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. The materials were collected by naturalists attached to the expeditions of the United States and Mexican Boundary Commission and the Pacific Railroad Survey. Collection data are often vague or obviously in error, and specimens are often poorly preserved. Subsequent study of syntypes indicates that many series are composite, including two or more species (see Suttkus, 1958; Bailey & Uyeno, 1964; C.R. Gilbert, 1978). Many descriptions are readily identifiable, but the quality of others is debatable, and some species were described under several names (about 12 for Cyprinella lutrensis). 2. Girard (1856, p. 35) described Cyprinella ludibunda as a new species. All the specimens found were said to be immature and the locality was 'not precisely known'. In 1989. R.L. Mayden and C.R. Gilbert discovered a long overlooked syntype (ANSP 2841, ex USNM 132) of C. ludibunda which they designated as the lectotype. The lectotype is, however, a specimen of Notropis stramineus (Cope, 1 865), the sand
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