PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 109(l):44-52. 1996 Daldorfia Rathbun, 1904 (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Neogene of Japan Hiroaki Karasawa and Hisayoshi Kato (H. Karasawa) Mizunami Fossil Museum, Yamanouchi, Akeyo, Mizunami, Gifu 509-61, Japan; (H. Kato) Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955-2 Aobacho, Chuoku, Chiba 260, Japan Abstract. — Daldorfia nagashimai, new species, is described from the Hi-gashimorogata Formation (Upper Miocene -Lower Pliocene), Miyazaki Group of Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. This species is characterized by a large carapace with irregular, large, granulose tubercles dorsally and without a deep, eroded area behind a longitudinally hexagonal mesogastric lobe. Another specimen representing a second unnamed species is recorded from the Aoso Formation (Upper Miocene) of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. These species represent the first records of Neogene decapod crustaceans from Japan and extend the geologic range of the genus Daldorfia to the Late Miocene age. The subfamily Parthenopinae is a small group including eight Recent genera, Daira de Haan, 1833, Dairoides Stebbing, 1920, Daldorfia Rathbun, 1904, Leiolambrus A. Milne Edwards, 1878, Parthenope Weber, 1795, Solenolambrus Stimpson, 1871, Thy-rolambrus Rathbun, 1894, and Tutankha-men Rathbun, 1925. The fossil record of Parthenope Weber, 1795, is robust in Ce-nozoic deposits throughout the world (Glaessner 1969). Daira is recorded from the Eocene-Miocene of Europe, the Plio-cene of Fiji, and the Miocene of Japan (Glaessner 1969; Muller 1984; Muller & Collins 1991; Karasawa 1993). The only known fossil Leiolambrus was described from the Upper Eocene Bartonian of En-gland (Quayle & Collins 1981) and Tut-ankhamen also has been reported from the Oligocene Gambier Limestone of Australia (Jenkins 1985). The fossil records of the other four Recent genera are unknown throughout the world, but the extinct, Me-solambrus declinatus Muller & Collins, 1991, similar to Thyrolambrus Rathbun, 1894, was described from the Szepvolgy Formation (Upper Eocene) of Hungary; Glaessner (1969) recognised the Upper Eo-cene, Phrynolambrus Bittner, 1893 as the junior synonym of the subgenus Pseudo-lambrus Paulson, 1875, in Parthenope, but subsequently Guinot (1979) separated Phrynolambrus from Pseudolambrus and suggested that Phrynolambrus has a close affinity with Daira and Dairoides. The purpose of this paper is to describe a new species and a related, but unnamed species of Daldorfia from the Neogene de-posits of Japan. The materials were collect-ed from a road cut (Loc. MYZ-4 of Kara-sawa 1993, 31°56'48"N, 131°16'46"E) at Akatani, Uranona, Takaoka-cho, Higashi-morogata-gun, Miyazaki Prefecture (Fig. lA). Siltstone of the Ay a Member of the Higashimorogata Formation, Miyazaki Group (Upper Miocene to Upper Pleisto-cene) is exposed at this locality (Tomida 1991; Karasawa 1993). This formation is assigned to Zones N.17b-18 (latest Mio-cene-earliest Pliocene) of Blow's scale of planktonic foraminifera (Suzuki 1987). Daldorfia nagashimai, new species, is based upon the holotype and two paratype specimens included within calcareous nod-ules. Karasawa (1993) reported two species of crabs from this locality. The decapod as-
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