176 Mr. E. Doubleday on some new Diurnal Lepidoptera. 
but the very strong hooked bill and remarkable teeth displayed 
in the mandible are at variance with the most powerfully-billed 
pigeons, and we can form at present no opinion as to the pro- 
bable use or adaptation of the latter structure. The position and 
linear form of the nostril agree with that of Megapodius as well 
as the bare space in front of the eye, and the indication of the 
want of feathers on the sides of the throat. The form of the wing 
approaches to that of Penelope. The tail of fourteen feathers is 
square and comparatively short, while the colouring of the plu- 
mage reminds us of some of the ground doves. The tarsi are 
short, and are naked very shortly above the tarsal joint ; the out- 
ward covering has beeu destroyed, but in front appears to have 
consisted of rounded scales. The feet are of moderate size, and 
the outer and inner toes, quite unconnected at the base, are of 
equal length. 
From a careful consideration of the general characters, we are 
inclined then to place this singular bird with the Peneloponince or 
Megapodina, probably the latter. We are aM^are of no existing 
description, though there is one allusion made to a bird which 
may eventually turn out to be this. In Mr. Strickland's Report 
on the Recent Progress and Present State of Ornithology, read 
before the British Association at York, it is stated, " The recent 
American voyage of discovery will extend our knowledge of Poly- 
nesian zoology, and its researches will be made known by Mr. 
Titian Peale, who is said to have discovered among other rarities 
a new bird allied to the dodo, which he proposes to name Diduncu- 
lus '," and we believe " strigirostris " has been applied specifically. 
In that part of these voyages already published there is no zoology 
given, so that we cannot now ascertain the value of this discovery, 
and from the specimen before us possessing no characters in com- 
mon with a struthious bird, we have ventui'ed to characterize it 
as a new generic form. 
July 30, 1845. 
XIX. — Descriptions of new or imperfectly desa'ibed Diurnal 
Lepidoptera. By Edward Doubleday, Esq., Assistant in the 
Zoological Department of the British Museum, F.L.S. &c. 
Fam. PAPILIONID^. 
Genus Papilio. 
P. Bromius. P. alis omnibus nigris, fascia communi lata punctisque 
marginali viridibus ; subtus fuscis, posticis fascia maculari pallida 
aurea. Exp. alar. 3 unc. 9 lin. vel 95 millim. 
Hab. Ashanti. P. Bromius, Cat. of Lep. of Brit. Mus. 147. 
Wings above black, traversed by a broad bright green fascia di- 
Mr. E. Doubleday on some neiv Diurnal Lepidoptera. 177 
vided by the nervures, commencing in the discoidal cell of the an- 
terior wing, and teraiinating on the inner margin of the posterior 
wings, of which it occupies fully two-thirds. This band is nearly 
straight on its inner side, but externally it is suddenly widened be- 
low the radial nervure of the anterior wings, and much dentated on 
the posterior wings. It is preceded on the costa by a large sub- 
quadrate spot of the same colour divided into fom- by the nervures. 
At the apex of the anterior wings ai'e two elongate green spots, 
followed on the outer margin by a series of geminate spots and 
a simple round one at the anal angle of the same colom'. On 
the posterior wings, towards the outer margin, are three romided 
green spots, each followed by a small dot of the same colour 
(sometimes very inthstinct). These are succeeded by three ge- 
minate spots ; the first rounded, the second elongate, the third 
rounded, i»ear the anal angle and almost touching the transverse 
band. Below fuscous, the anterior wings darker at the base ; to- 
wards the anal angle a marginal series of five or seven small 
white spots ])laced in pairs between the nervules, between which 
and the margin are two or three very minute white dots. Pos- 
terior wings with three black strife in the cell, a macular band 
of a pale gold colour near the outer margin, and two points of 
the same colom* near the anal angle. 
Head and thorax black, spotted with white. 
Abdomen fuscous, above with the edges of the segments paler, 
below with five series of white spots ; anal valves rounded. 
This species is closely allied to P. Nireua, but has the band 
much wider and somewhat different in its direction, and the anal 
valves are much rounder. 1 may here remark that the P. Nireus 
of Cramer, t. 378. f. F. G, from the Cape of Good Hope, is quite 
a distinct species from the true Nireus of the west coast of Africa. 
The distinctions were clearly pointed out to me by Dr. Boisdu\al, 
who had placed the name Charopus to it in his cabinet about four 
years ago. This name having been lately used by Mr.Westwood 
for a species in my bi"0ther's collection, the name cannot be now 
used for the Cape insect. I therefore propose for it the name of 
Lyaus. It may be known from P. Nireus by its generally smaller 
size, its cilia spotted with white, the apex of the anterior and disc 
of the posterior wings below clouded with silvery gray, and by 
the band of the posterior wings not being macular. This band is 
wanting in the females, the whole of the disc and outer margin 
of the posterior wings, and the apex of the anterior being clouded 
with light browm with silvery reflections. Only having seen im- 
perfect specimens, when I drew up the catalogue of the Papilionidce 
in the collection of the British Museum, I was afraid to sepa- 
rate the Cape specimens, not being then aware that Dr. Boisduval, 
from the examination of numerous perfect specimens, had become 
Ann. 6j- Mac/. N. Hist. Vol. xvi. 
178 Mr. E. Doubleday on some new Diurnal Lepidoptera. 
convinced of their being a separate species. To secure the name 
of Lyaus, it may be well to add the following short character : — 
P. Lyceus. P. alis omnibus supra nigris, fascia transversa communi, 
macula costali, nervis divisa, maculisque duabus apicalibus alarum 
anticarum octoque submarginalibus posticarum viridibus subtus 
fuscis, nebulis apicis anticarum, discique posticarum argenteo- 
albidis, fascia submarginali haud maculari, maculisque duabus ad 
angulum ani pallida aureis : fcemina alis omnibus subtus fuscis, ar- 
genteo-brunneo nebulosis, ciliis in utroque sexus albo maculatis. 
Exp. alar. 3 unc. 7 lin. vel 93 millim. 
Hub. Africa Australiori. 
P. Aidoneiis. P. alis anticis elongatis, fuliglnosis, striis nigris ; pos- 
ticis angustis, dentatis, nigris, immaculatis ( (^). Exp. alar. 3 unc. 
10 lin. vel 95 millim. 
Hab. Montibus Himalayis. * 
Anterior wings elongate^ fuliginous; the nervures and ner^alles, 
the inner margin^ four longitudinal striae in the discoidal cell and 
eight between the nervules^ black. Posterior wings long, narrow, 
dentate, the abdominal fold broad ; entirely black, with purple 
and greenish reflections. Below all the wings as above, but 
paler. 
Head rose-coloured, occiput black, forehead with a few black 
hairs. Antennae black. 
Thoi'ax with the sides below rose-colom'ed. 
Abdomen black above, rose-coloured below ; the anal valves 
very large, rose-coloured. 
This interesting species belongs to the same group as P. Nax 
and Varuna, close to which should be placed P. Rhetenor, Pro- 
tenor, &c. The anterior wings have the inner margin very short, 
not being nearly one-half the length of the anterior margin : the 
posterior resemble in form those of P. Rhetenor, but like those 
of P. Varuna have no disco-celkdar nervure, the median and sub- 
costal actually anastomosing. 
In the collection of H. G. Harrington, Esq. 
Fam. APATURID^. 
Genus Apatura. 
A. Namouna. A. aiis omnibus supra fuscis, splendide caeruleo nitente, 
fascia transversa punctisque marginalibus albis, subtus argenteo- 
albis fimbria, fasciaque transversa, rufis. 
All the wings above fuscous black, with a transverse pure white 
band slightly bordered with bluish, commencing by three rounded 
dots at the extremity of the discoidal cell of the anterior wings, 
afterwards widening and attauiing the abdominal margin of the 
Mr. E. Doubleday on some new Diurnal L^idoptera. 1Z9 
posterior wings ; beyond this band are three white dots towards 
the apex of the antei'ior wings, and one or two indistinct ones 
towards theii* anal angle, and on the posterior a series of seven 
whitish dots : anal angle rufous. The whole disc and inner mar- 
gin of the anterior wings, and the whole of the posterior, except 
the pure white part of the transverse band and the white dots, 
are in certain lights of the most splendid metallic light blue. Be- 
low silvery white with pearly reflections, a faint indication of the 
band above ; the costa of the anterior wings except at the base, 
the outer margins of all the Things, a transverse band beyond the 
middle much widened towards the anal angle of the anterior 
wings, rufous. This band is marked at its widest part by a round 
black spot, and bordered there externally with two sublunidate 
black spots and a sagittate one. In addition to this are two small 
black spote in the discoidal cell followed by two short black per- 
pendicular lines, below this is a black spot and two black Imiules, 
and on the posterior wings a black dot near the anal angle, pre- 
ceded in the band by a similar one. 
Head fuscovis ; the orbits of the eyes, the palpi below, and four 
spots on the vertex white. Anteuns fuscous. 
Thorax and abdomen fuscous above, paler below ; legs silveiy 
white. 
In the collection of the British ^luseum. Presented by W. 
W. Saunders, Esq. 
Fam. ADOLIAD^. 
Genus xVdolias, Boisd. 
A. Eiithymius. A. alis omnibus supra Isete aurantiacis anticis puncto 
discoidali, margine externo, strigaque submarginali valde angulata, 
fuscis ; posticis strigis duabus, submarginalibus, lunulatis, nigris 
{^). Exp. alar. 3 unc. 7 lin. vel 90 millim. 
Hub. Montibus Himalayis, 
All the livings bright orange-red above, the anterior with a 
large spot on the disco-cellular nervure, followed by two small 
ill-defined ones on the lower discoidal nervule ; the outer margin 
broadly fuscous black, with faint indications of fom* or five red- 
dish lunules ; this black border dilated towards the apex, much 
dentate internally, preceded by a broad zigzag striga, commencing 
near the anterior and extending nearly to the inner margin ; 
the median nervules each ^nth a round fuscous spot before their 
middle. Posterior wings clothed at the base vnXh. long hairs ; a 
discoidal spot, two lunulate bands, and the outer margin slightly 
fuscous. 
Below paler, all the wings marked at the base with some in- 
distinct fuscescent spots, beyond which is an undulating striga 
crossing the middle of the discoidal cell of the anterior wings, 
02 
180 Mr. E. Doubleday on some new Diurnal Lepidoptei'a. 
and reaching the inner margin of the posterior wings near the 
middle. Beyond this is a less curved band commencing on the 
costa beyond the middle and reaching nearly to the anal angle, 
followed by a space rather paler than the rest of the Avings. Be- 
yond the middle are four black dots, the first and fourth largest, 
the latter pupiled with white. Faint indications of the bands 
above are visible below. 
Head rufous ; antennae brown, darker towards the apex ; palpi 
red. 
Thorax and abdomen brick -red. 
In the collection of H. G. Harrington, Esq. 
Fam. NYMPHALID^. 
Genus Diadema, Boisd. 
The genus Diadema of Boisduval is a most interesting one, 
from the resemblance which many of the species bear to those of 
other families. In general we find a Papilio and cither an Eu- 
jjlcea, Danaus or Acrcea always of the same country, which they 
much resemble in form, colour and character of the markings, — 
in some species so close as to have caused some confusion as to 
their identity with the older figures. In D. Bolina it is only the 
female which offers this resemblance to species of other groups, 
and as yet there has not been found representatives for two or 
three species, but probably some day these will occur. 
D. Boisduvalii. D. alis subdiaphanis, anticis fuscescentibus, suj)ra 
basi margineque interne pallida rufescentibus, maculis basalibus 
discoidalibusque decern, striolisque marginalibus septem nigris ; 
posticis rufis basi maculis nigris undecim, margine externo nigro, 
rufo maculate. Exp. alar. 3 una. 9 lin. vel 95 millim. 
Hab. Ashanti. Diadema ? Cat. of Lep. of Brit. Mus. 97. 
Anterior wings semitransparent, fuscescent, the internal mar- 
gin tinged with red : in the discoidal cell are four rounded black 
spots, three placed in a triangle towards the base, one near the 
extremity, a similar spot on the disco-cellular nervule, one on the 
first median nervule, three at the base between the median and 
radial nervure, one on the radial a little beyond the middle ; ner- 
vules fuscous, between them a series of fuscous strife, on the fourth 
of which is a rounded whitish spot. Posterior wings rufous, 
paler towards the inner margin, the base itself black ; the dis- 
coidal cell with three rounded black spots, the two nearest the 
base almost confluent ; around the cell are six black spots, of 
which the fourth is very small, the fifth on the disco- cellular ner- 
vure. These are followed by two spots near the inner margin ; 
the outer margin has a rather broad black border, undulated in- 
ternally, marked with seven more or less lunulated red spots. 
Mr. E. Doubleday on some nein Diurnal Lepidoptera. 181 
Below the anterior wings are nearly as above, but are shaded 
with a rosy red at the base, the posterior are yellowish, the dis- 
coidal cell rose-colonred in the middle, the lunules in the mar- 
ginal band paler, the fourth of the spots round the discoidal cell 
wanting. 
Head black, Avith six white spots ; palpi rufesceut ; apex black ; 
antennae black. 
Thorax black, spotted with white, two rufescent spots on the 
disc. 
xVbdomen black, with a row of brown spots on each side above, 
a series of paler ones on each side, and also a median series 
below. 
In the collection of the British ]\luseum. 
This ^ecies closely resembles in its colom'ing P. Ridleijanvs, 
and some of the Acrcea near to A. Zidoro. For the first time I 
have deviated from a rule I had laid Aovax for myself, never to 
name an insect after any li\dng entomologist, or even after any 
entomologist whatever ; but having, in accordance with the law of 
priority, converted into a synonpu the name oiBoisduvalii, given 
to an Adolias by Mr. G. R. Gray, I have as a compensation de- 
dicated this beautiful insect to my excellent fi-iend, whose kind- 
ness and liberality to me in placing at my service his books, ma- 
nusci'ipts and collections has been beyond all praise. 
D. Jnthedon, Boisd. I\ISS. D. alls omnibus nigris, anticis plaga 
magna, subapicali, alteraque magna marginis interni, maculaque 
parva disci albis, caeruleo-nitente. Exp. alar. 3 unc. 7 lin. vel 90 
millim. 
Hah. Africa Occideutali. Diadema ? Cat. of Lep. of Brit. Mus. 
98. 
Anterior wings black, a longitudinal spot in the discoidal cell, 
a broad transverse fascia before the apex, and a large patch oc- 
cupying nearly the whole inner margin, pearly white shaded 
with blue. Posterior wings silvery white at the base, the outer 
margin broadly fuscous, the fuscous colour extending inwards 
between the nervules. Below the wings nearly as above, but 
paler towards the apex, three small white spots at the base^ an- 
other in the discoidal cell, and towards the anal angle a series of 
small gemmate white dots, preceded by two spots of the same 
colour ; a faint fuscous line in the white fascia near the margin. 
Posterior wings pearly white, clouded with fuscous towards the 
outer margin, the nervules and a series of strise between them 
fuscous, the margin naiTowly fuscous with white lunules. Cilia 
spotted with white. 
Head and thorax black with white dots. 
Abdomen fuscous. 
In the collection of the British Museum, &c. 
183 Mr. E. Doubleday on some new Diurnal Lepidoptera. 
This species as closely resembles A. Hippocoon and EupL Nia- 
vius as D. dubia does EupL Damocles. I have adopted the name 
under which it stands in Dr. BoisduvaFs cabinet. 
D. Euryta. D. alis omnibus supra nigro-fuscis, fascia media, com- 
muni, transversa, albida, anticis punctis duobus basalibus albis, 
nigrisque quinque, fascia subapicali alba, posticis subtus basi ru- 
fescente, punctis utrinque basalibus, nigris decern ( ? ). Exp. alar. 
3 unc. 3 lin. vel 82 millim. 
Hab. Africa Occidentali. 
This insect is the true P. Euryta of Clerck, t. 31. f. 4, but not 
the A. Euryta of Godart. Perhaps P. Hirce of Drm-y [Diadema 
Hirce, Cat. of Lep. Brit. Mus. 97) is only the male of this spe- 
cies. I have however seen a specimen, apparently a male, more 
nearly resembling D. Euryta in colour' in the fine collection of 
M. Marechal at Paris. I therefore give the characters of D. Hirce. 
D. Hirce. D. alis anticis rufo-fuscis, basi nigro punctatis supra ma- 
cula subapicali alteraque marginis interni rufis, posticis rufis basi 
nigro punctatis, striato fimbriatoque margine externo nigro subtus 
basi saturatiore. 
D. Nyctelius. D. alis anticis supra nigris, apice cseruleo-nitente, 
margine externo albido striato ; posticis albidis, basi, nervulis, 
margineque externo fuscis. Exp. alar. 3 unc. 3 lin. vel 82 millim. 
Hab. Sylhet. 
Anterior wings brownish black, the apex broadly shaded with 
pale blue, the colom" varying with the direction of the light : be- 
tween the nervules is a series of whitish striae, becoming less elon- 
gate towards the anal angle ; posterior wings dusky white, fus- 
cous at the base, the outer margin narrowly fuscous, the colour 
extending inwards between the nervules, which also are fuscous. 
Below the anterior wings are fuscous, with a marginal series of 
whitish spots, and two submarginal ones near the anal angle. 
Posterior wings fuscous ; the inner margin and a double series of 
ill-defined spots towards the outer margin, of which those of the 
inner series are rounded, of the outer elongate, geminate, whitish. 
Head and thorax black with white dots ; antennae with an 
elongate club, fuscous. 
Abdomen fuscous. 
In the collection of the British Museum. 
This species closely resembles some of the Indian Euploea. 
[To be continued.]