SOCIAL BIOLOGY OF THE NEOTROPICAL WASP MISCHOCYTTARUS DREWSENI' ROBERT L. JEANNE^ TABLE OF CONTENTS Talkie of Contents Alistiiict I. Introduction II. Materials and Methods . — A. Taxononi>' and Distribution B. Locations of the Study — C. Period of the Study .—-D. Methods of Study III. The Colony Cycle— A Brief Outline W. Habitat and Nest Site \ . Xest Construction A. Xest Architecture and Size Xest Material B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Foraging for Xest Material Xest Initiation Cell Initiation Cell Heightening Addition of Pulp to Caps of Pupal Cocoons Mouthing Vl. Trophic Relations A. Proteinaceous Food 1. Method of Foraging -Prey 2. 3. 4. Distribution to Adults on the Nest Distribution of Solid Insect Food to the Larvae 5. Distribution of Liquid to Adults and Larvae B. Carboh>drate Food 1. Sources 2. Distribution of Nectar to Adults on the Nest 63 64 65 65 65 66 66 67 69 69 71 71 72 72 73 74 71 74 75 76 76 76 78 78 79 80 81 81 82 ^ This paper is based on a thesis presented to Harvard Uni\'ersit>" in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph. D. in Biology. -Present address: Department of Biology, Boston UniversitN-, 2 Cummington Street, Boston, Mass. 02215. 3. Distribution of Nectar to Larvae and Storage of Nectar 83 C. Larval Trophallaxis 84 D. Behavior Associated with Feeding and Trophallaxis 85 1. Abdominal Vibration 85 2. 'Pecking' 85 3. Rubbing 86 4. Discussion 86 \'II. Enemies and Defense 87 .\. Enemies 87 1. Predators of Brood 87 a. Ants 87 b. Other Predators 87 2. Predators of Adults 88 3. Parasites 88 4. Social Parasitism 89 B. Defense of Brood 89 1. Defense Against Ants 89 2. Alann Reaction to Flying Insects 90 3. Alarm Reaction to Large Objects 90 4. Variations in Aggressiveness 91 MIL Division of Labor 91 A. Specialization According to Caste 91 1. Activities of the Queen versus the Workers 91 2. Acti\ities of Nonworkers 94 3. Activities of Males 95 B. Temporal Separation of Tasks 95 During the Day IX. Dominance and Caste Determination 96 A. The Xature of Dominance-Subordinance Beha\ior 96 B. The Sohcitation-Domination Continuimi C. Patterns of Dominant and Sub-ordinate Behavior 1. Rates of Dominance Interactions 2. Age Distribution of Dominant and Subordinate Behavior on Established Colonies Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 144(3): 63-150, September 1972 98 99 99 100 63
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