331 AUSTRALIAN RUST STUDIES. X. FURTHER BREEDING WORK WITH "KHAPLl" EMMER WHEAT, AN OUTSTANDING SOURCE OF STEM RUST RESISTANCE. By W. L. Waterhouse, The University of Sydney. [Read 26th November, 1952.] Synopsis. in continuation of earlier work, studies have shown that the very resistant "Khapli" emmer wheat usually shows strong incompatibility in crosses with vulgare wheats. Three hundred and forty-seven vulgare varieties have given this result. A detailed study of crosses with "Federation", made year after year since 1921, has shown that seasonal influences do not affect its incompatibility. Compatibility was shown with "Steinwedel" and twelve of its progeny which were available as named varieties, although eleven others were incompatible. Seven other unrelated vulgare varieties from various overseas sources also show high compatibility. Tests of Fl plants with several races of stem rust showed that dominance of resistance is general. From "Steinwedel" crosses, vulgare types having "Khapli" resistance have been obtained. A preliminary study of the mode of inheritance of the compatibility character was made. Numerous crosses of 14-chromosome wheats with "Khapli" have also been made. There is urgent need for cytogenetical studies of the happenings. Introduction. Earlier work (Waterhouse, 1930, 1^33) showed that despite repeated failures by many workers to get satisfactory crosses between vulgare wheats and the very resistant "Khapli" emmer, some success came from using a group of varieties which gave very limited Fl growth and high sterility. But normal vegetative Fl growth was found when a second group of three particular varieties was used, although low fertility occurred. These varieties were found as a result of studying (McMillan, 1933) the pedigrees of members of the first-named group. "Steinwedel" was a common parent of the three varieties which showed this compatibility. Since summarizing the work done up to 1932, numerous other "Khapli" crosses have been made each year in a search for additional information on the happening. Vulgare Crosses. In this work, certain varieties of 21-chromosome wheats such as T. compactum Host, and T. sphaerococcum Perc. have been included under the general name of "vulgare". Again it has been usual to find that vulgare pollinations gave small, sterile, short-lived Fl plants. In all, 347 varieties have given this result. They are as follows: A115, Akagomoughi, Allora Spring, Alpha, American Club, Anchor, Apex, Argentine 1026 (2 strains), Argentine 1059, Argentine 1060, Argentine 1061. B.I.C., Baringa, Barwang, Basil, Bencubbin, Birdproof, Bobin (3 strains), (Bobin x Gaza x Bobin) (3 strains), Bobs, Bokveld, Bomen, Bonus, Boomey (2 strains), Bordan, Brevit (2 strains), Bruce, Bunge, (Bunge x Emmer 19), Bungulla, Bunyip. Cadia, Cailloux, Calif ornian Club, Caliph, Canaan, Canberra, Canimbla, Canrock (2 strains), Canus, Carina, Carrabin, Cedar, (Cedar x Florence) 7 , Celebration (2 strains), Ceres, (Ceres x Hope x Florence), Champlain, Chinese Red, Chinese White, Chinese White Hybrid Hard, Chinese White Hybrid Soft, Clarben (4 strains), Clarendon, Clarke's, Cleveland, Club C.I. 4534, Club E.A.S., Currawa. Daphne, Dindiloa, Duchess, Dundee (2 strains), (Dundee x Nabawa). Early Bird, Early May, Early Purple Straw, Early Red Chief, Eng. 3, Eureka (4 strains), Euston (4 strains), (Euston x Hope), (Euston x Hope x Federation), Exquisite. Farmer's Friend, Federation, (Federation x Cleveland), (Federation x Hope), (Federation x Kenya 744), (Federation x Khapli) (5 strains), Fedweb 1, Fedweb 2, Fedweb 3, (Fedweb x Hofed) (2 strains), Felix, Firwhill, Fleche d'Or, Flora, Florence, Ford (3 strains), Forelock, Free Gallipoli, Frondoso, Fronteira, Fulcaster. Gabo, Galgalos, Galgalos E.A.S., Gallipoli, Geeralying, Gem. Genoa, Ghurkha, Girral, Gluclub, Gluford (2 strains), Gluyas, Gluyas Early, (Golden Grain x Bobs), Grassland, Gresley, A-4
BioStor
