A NEW CATALOGUE OF THE FRESH-WATER FISHES OF PANAMA 1 BY SAMUEL F. HILDEBRAND INTRODUCTION The present paper embodies the results of a study based mainly on specimens and data collected by the writer in 1935 and 1937. This study was supplemented by information gained from the examination of small collections made by others. Furthermore, some of the material collected in 1911 and 1912 by the late Dr. Seth E. Meek and the writer, was re-examined for further information. The Fishes of the Fresh Waters of Panama by Seth E. Meek and the writer, published by Field Museum in 1916, has been drawn upon freely. The present paper is intended to supplement this earlier general work. Errors in that publication have been pointed out, descriptions have been emended if necessary, and in some instances new keys have been given to include species since recorded. All the species described in the earlier work are mentioned in the present one, together with such additional information as seems worthy of record, including the up-to-date knowledge of distribution. Descriptions, or at least sufficient information for identification of species not included in the general account of 1916, are given in the present paper. In the synonymy only the names used by the original describers are given, together with a reference to our earlier general work; if not included therein a reference to other writers who have recorded the species from Panama is included. The principal papers on fresh-water fishes of Panama, that have appeared since 1916 are The Fishes of the Rio Chucunaque Drainage, Eastern Panama, by C. M. Breder, Jr. (1927), and A List of the Fresh Water Fishes of Western Panama between Long. 81 45' and 83 15' W., by Dr. Ellinor H. Behre (1928). These reported a considerable num-ber of species previously not recorded from Panama. Several smaller papers have appeared, and are referred to in appropriate places in the accounts of species, and are listed in the "References." Unfortunately, comparatively few of the specimens on which these later papers were based have been available to me for examination. The number of species reported from the fresh waters of the Republic in our earlier (1916) work has been increased from 94 to 127. 1 Published by permission of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries. 219
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