Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XX. New Species of Faramea (Coussareae) from Central and South America Charlotte M/. Taylor Missouri Botanical (arden. P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166. L.S.A.
[email protected] Seven new species of Fara(me( A\ublel(Kubiaeeae. Coussareae) are newly described f'romiColoimbia, Ecuador, Panamna, and Peru. The new-species F. colomnhiiai C. M. Taylor froIU norlihwesterinColoimbia diffTers from F. robusla C. M. Taylor lby itslonger pedicels andl larger f(lowers; F'. cojdorica C. M.Taylor fron solitheaslern lcuador differs fromi F.phyllonomidet/es Standley by its longer calvx lilmbs andcorollas ih e lulas with the tubes aboul twice as long as thelobes; F. fr.ondosla C. M.. Taylor frlom Palnama differsfroim F. curtcarlpa i)tonnell Smlithl I) ils oblanceolaleto oitovate calyx lobes 3.5-7 mm long;: F. tteicoc-coides C. M. Taylor f'romu westeri (Colonmbia isdistinguisheld Iy its relatively large fruils with alhickened l)ericarp, juicy miesoearp. and singlesmooth seed; F. ortiziaat C. M. Taylor fromnAmazonian Peru differs from F'. guianensi.s (A\ublel)Brenmekatnp by its often terminal inflorescences andlarger flowers and fruits: F. robustd C. M'. Taylor fromnnorthwestern Cololmbia differs from F'. pol)tlritdophoraBrenmekamnp by its longer pieduLncles and largerflowers: and F. schiunkeana C. M. Taylor from centralPeru differs from F. ,n orilloi Slevernlark lyv its leavesobtuse to rounded or ordtlale at base, its largercorollas, and ils smoothl seeds. Key words: Colomblia, Coussareae, Ecuador, Far-amea, IUCN Red List, Neolrolics, Panalua, Peru,Iul)iaceae. During study of recent collections of FrarameaAulblel fro Ce (ntral and South iAmerica, the followinguntlescribedl taxa were dliscovered. A suimmnary of themorphology o"f Fara(ntea has previously been present-ed (Taylor, 1999, 2002). This Neotropical genus ofabout 130) species of understory shrubsi is character-ized within the Iubiaceae by its indleiscent, oftenleathery, blue to black fruits with one rather thin-walled seed: its ovaries I-locular with one Iasal ovule;and its internally glalbrous corollas with four valvatelobes. Additionally, FPararnea can oftedn be recognizedby its stipules that usually terminate in a well-developed arista and are often also costate; itsflattened stems with a slender longitudinal ridgedescending along each side as al apparent continu-ation of the stipule rib; and its dlistichous leafarrangement.. The inflorescences are notably variable.with flowers solitary to numerous, axillary and/orterminal, and variously cymlose to capitate orfasciculate with bracts well <leveloped to relduced.Species of Faratmea grow in moist to wet forests at 0-3200 m; many if not most of them are dislylous. Faramnea is similar to C(oussrea Aublet; Coutssrea is distinguished by its usually while inflorescence axes (vs. green to blue) and fruits with slpongy mnesocarpi and white surfaces (vs. fleshy to juicyi and blue to black, respectively). Famiranear has not Ibeen studied as a whole, but several floristic treatments have been presented (e.g., Taylor. 1999. 200-4): additional colllments on the characteristics, range. and classification of this genus were plresentle by Taylor (2002). The study presented here is laxonomic and floristic: the objective is enumeration of the species tliat belong to various Rubiaceeae gelnera, uatl tihe species that occur in the area of tropical Central and Soutil America. The methods employed (here correspolnd only to this objective; however, this study is based on survey of sptecimens collecled over Imore tlhan 60 years using various survey imelhods aimed at various objectives. The specimients that here outline the range and commonness otf these Inew species were located through a non-exhaulstive survey of a few herbaria. No field studies have been done eilter targeting these species ior broadly surveying hleir occurrence in regions where Ihey are known to grow or may be expected to occur (e.g., as in Cheek & Csiba, 2002). Thus, the floristic inforiatlion presented here is a simplified presence report based on an ilncomplete survey of the data available, andi the botanical data are uneven and ilncomplete for this region (Sclhuhian et al., 2007). Knowledge of thie range of a species is essential to understanding the thlreats to its existence and thus to undlerstanding its actual conservation status; no claim is made here to aecurately describe the entire geographic range of any of ltese new species. Knowledge of the existence of a species based only on one or a few collections does notprovide a reasonable estimate of its popullation size.NovoN 18: 251-260. Pt tutrSIItt) ON 22 MA/\ 2008.doi: 10.3417/20061143
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