Three New South American Species of Salacia with Fasciculate Inflorescences (Celastraceae, Hippocrateoideae) Julio Antonio LombardiDepartamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio deMesquita Filho', Av. 24-A 1515, 13506-900, Rio Claro, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[email protected] Three new fasciculate flowered species ofSalacia L. (Celastraceae, Hippocrateoideae) from theAmazon basin are described: S. acevedoi Lombardi isdistinguished by its small flowers, stamens with shortfilaments, disc connate to ovary, and size of fruits; S.negrensis Lombardi differs by its habit, characteristicsand shape of leaves, flower diameter, features and sizeof stamens, and number of ovules; and S. odorataLombardi is characterized by its long pedicels,conical flower buds, strongly adherent petals, andflat disc with fimbriate outer border.Rt:st Mo. Sao descritas para a bacia amazonica trisnovas especies de Salacia L. (Celastraceae, Iippo-craleoideae) corn inflorescencias fasciculadas, S.acevedoi Lombardi a qual se distingue pelos estamespequenos corn filetes curtos, disco conado ao ovario epelo tamanho dos frutos; S. negrensis Lombardi diferepelo hibito, caracteristicas e forma das folhas,diimetro da flor, caracteristicas e tamanho dosestames, e nimnero de ovulos; e S. odorata Lombardie caracterizada pelos pedicelos longos, botoes floraisconicos, pitalas fortemente aderentes e disco acha-tado corn margem externa fimbriada. Key words: Brazil, Celastraceae, Ecuador, Hip-pocrateoideae, IUCN Red List, Peru, Salacia. The former family Hippocrateaceae is now includedin Celastraceae as a subfamily that comprises fivetribes, 24 genera, and ca. 357 described species(Halle, 1990; Mennega, 1997) distributed worldwidein tropical and subtropical areas. Delimitation of the Hippocrateoideae genera iscontroversial. The number of genera range from two,Salacia L. and Hippocratea L. (Peyritsch, 1878), to 17,according to Miers (1872). In this work I follow Smith(1940), who recognizes three genera segregated fromSalacia, Cheiloclinium Miers, Peritassa Miers, andTontelea Aublet and included in the tribe Salacieaewith the African Salacighia Loesener and Thyrsosa-lacia loesener (Mennega, 1997). Salacia is a genus with ca. 200 species (Mennega,1997), distributed worldwide in the tropics andsubtropics. Smith (1940) recognized 29 species from the Neotropics, of these 14 with fasciculate inflor-escences. Since then, Mennega described four others (Mennega, 1984, 1991), three of which have fascic-ulate inflorescences. The last comprehensive taxo-nomic study of the genus, although unpublished, is by Hedin (1999), who recognized 38 species in the Neotropics, 20 of these with fasciculate inflores-cences, including two new taxa from Ecuador and Peru. The probable paraphyly of Salacia s.. s. was pointed out by recent molecular studies (Hedin. 1999; Simmons et al., 2001a, b). Worldwide analyses of representative species from both the Old and the New Worlds are still needed before any generic realign-ment can be proposed. While working on a taxonomic study of South American species of Hippocrateoideae as part of a study on the Neotropical species, I discovered three new species from the Amazon basin. These newly described species apparently occur only in small areas within forest extensions, but such distribution may be a sampling artifact. 1. Salacia acevedoi Lombardi, sp. nov. TYPE: Peru. Cuzco: Prov. Cuzco, Distr. Camisea, Campamento San Martin-C, Camisea Production Unit W of camp, 11�47'S, 72"41'W, 26 Jan. 1997, P. Acevedo Rodriguez 9084, D. Bell, K. Rankin & S. F Smith (holotype, US [21). Figure 1. Haec species Salaciae grandifoliae (Martins ex Schulles) G. Don et S. juruanae Loesener foliis nagnis ct inflorescen-liis fasciculatis affinis, sed Ioribus el staminibus minoribus. cavitatibus in margine inlerno disci neclariferi ubi slamina inserta el fructibus minoribus differt. A S. grandifolia distributione geographica distincta dislat. Slender or scandent shrub, 2-4 m, glabrous. branches terete to compressed, smooth, sparse lenti-cellate, drying green. Leaves opposite to subopposite; stipules not seen, caducous, leaving interpetiolar ring; petioles 1.2-2.5(-3.4) cm, canaliculate, drying wrinkled and green; blades (26.1-)33-40.5(-50) X (9.8-)15.2-17.2(-24.5) cm, elliptic, the base cuneate to rarely rounded, the apex acute, the marginNovoN 17: 33-39. PBuLSHED ON 23 APutL 2007.
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