PRIMARY TYPES OF MICROLEPIDOPTERA IN THE MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY (WITH A DISCURSION ON V. T. CHAMBERS' WORK) SCOTT E. MILLER 1 and RONALD W. HODGES 2 ABSTRACT: Primary types (holotypes, lectotypes and syntypes) in the moth superfamilies Erioeranioidea, Hepialoidea, Nepticuloidea, Incurvarioidea, Tineo-idea (except Gracillariidae), Geleehioidea (except Co-leophoridae), Copromorphoidea, Yponomeutoidea, Sesioidea, Cossoidea, Tortricoidea, Zygaenoidea, Pyr-aloidea, and Pterophoroidea are listed. Most of the taxa are Nearctic, several Neotropical. Authors in-cluded are S. E. Cassino, V. T. Chambers, W. G. Dietz, H. Edwards, C. Fish, W. T. M. Forbes, H. Frey and J. Boll, A. R. Grote, T. W. Harris, G. D. Hulst, W. D. Kearfott, A. S. Packard, Lord Walsingham, and P. C. Zeller. Lectotypes are designated herein for Anacampsis quadrimaculella (Chambers) and Is-ophrictis trimaculella (Chambers) (both Gelechi-idae). INTRODUCTION Classification of several groups of North American microlepidoptera is made very-difficult because most early workers on this fauna did not designate type specimens; their descriptions are inadequate to rec-ognize the species; their "type" material was sent to more than one institution; and among them they described several hundred species. The Museum of Com-parative Zoology (MCZ), Harvard Univer-sity, has a significant number of types of these authors, particularly of V. T. Cham-bers. Chambers is notorious for his very brief and inadequate descriptions, the large 1 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni-versity, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138. Present ad-dress: Bishop Museum, Box 19000-A, Honolulu, Ha-waii 96817. 2 Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultur-al Research Service, USDA, % NHB 168, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C 20560. number of his often very short papers in scattered journals, the large number of species for which no type material exists, and for the fact that his types were dis-persed among the MCZ and contemporar) workers. Because we have studied Cham-bers' papers and believe we have uncov-ered nearly all remaining specimens that can be considered authentic, we have in-cluded a discussion of specimens in other collections (see Appendix) and Chambers' bibliography to apprise other workers of the facts they will need when selecting lectotypes or designating neotypes. Man) species are represented by no extant type material or are not represented by speci-mens in the MCZ; their names do not ap-pear in the catalog. This catalog lists the primary types of 609 taxa of Microlepidoptera located in the MCZ. All holotypes, lectotypes, and syntypes in the families treated are listed along with some paralectotypes and "psen-dotypes." All specimens (except obvious paratypes) with numbered red "MCZ. type" labels are included. These red num-bered labels were placed on the specimens by Nathan Banks and subsequent curators and sometimes are not accurate as noted in this list. Some lectotypes have been des-ignated by previous authors by inference of holotype (Article 74(b), International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, third edition, 1985). For example, a lectotype was designated for Nepticula castaneae-foliella Chambers by inference ol holo-type. We have not designated additional lectotypes here (excepl for two as part oi Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 152(2): 45-87, April. 1990 45
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