JOURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM THE GENERA OF LACTUCEAE (COMPOSITAE) IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1 BERYL SIMPSON VUILLEUMIER Tribe LACTUCEAE Cassini, Jour. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. Arts 88: 151. 1819 2 Herbs [or sometimes low shrubs or, exceptionally, small trees], mostlywith milky juice and alternate or radical leaves. Heads homogamous.Florets perfect. Corolla with a strap-shaped, 5-toothed limb (ligule).Anthers sagittate or auriculate at the base, usually with small terminalappendages. Style branches short to long, narrowing toward the tip orobtuse; pollen-collecting hairs short to long. Achenes smooth to ribbedand rugose or muricate, often narrowed at the base and terminally beaked;pappus usually of one or more rows of simple or plumose bristles, rarelyof scales or lacking. (Tribe Cichorieae Dumortier, Anal. Fam. P1. 30. 1829;subfam. Cichorioideae Kitamura, Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Univ. B. 13:4. 1937, ibid. 22: 77. 1955; subfam. Lactucoideae Solbrig, Taxon 12:230. 1963; subfam. Liguliflorae auct., nom. inval.). About 60-65 genera in five to eight subtribes, the center of diversityin the Mediterranean basin. About 60 species in 17 genera occur in thesoutheastern United States. Of these, only half are indigenous; the re-mainder are weedy species introduced primarily from southern Europe. 1 Prepared for a generic flora of the southeastern United States, a joint project of the Arnold Arboretum and the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University made possible through the support of the National Science Foundation (Grant GB-6459X, principal investigator Carroll E. Wood, Jr.). This treatment follows the format established in the first paper of the series (Jour. Arnold Arb. 39: 296-346. 1958.) The area cov-ered includes North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana. The descriptions are based primarily on species included in this area, with additional data from other taxa between brackets. Refer-ences that the author has not seen are marked by an asterisk. I want to particularly thank C. E. Wood, Jr., not only for his advice, but for many additions and for an immense amount of editing. His efforts are especially evident in genera 1-8. Mistakes that remain are to be attributed solely to the author. I am also very grateful to K. L. Chambers for reading and adding to the section on Krigia, A. S. Tomb for reviewing the treatment of Lygodesmia, and D. K. Northing-ton for numerous suggestions concerning Pyrrhopappus. N. Dunkly aided in checking and typing the bibliography and J. E. Hanhisalo typed the remainder of the manu-script. The illustration of Cichorium was drawn by L-V. Trautz and that of Krigia by K. S. Velmure. SThe tribes of the Compositae in the southeastern United States have been treatedby Solbrig (Jour. Arnold Arb. 44: 436-461, 1963). The reader should consult thiswork for additional information not included here (e.g., familial and tribal descriptions,notes, and references).[VOL. 54
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