JO RNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV SHiri-v IN Hu (Continued jrom page SO) SECTIoN VIII. LAUROILEX. SECT. NOV. Arbor sempervirens: ramulis glalris; foliis crasse coriaceis, integerrimis; inflorescentiis fasciculatis vel pseudo-paniculatis, compositis ex tricho- tomis cymosis vel umbellatis; floribus 5 7-meris; fructibus parvis, globosis, ca. 4 mm. diametro; pyrenis laevibus, 5-7, minutis, 2 mm. longis, dorso 3-striatis, esulcatis: endocarpio coriacco. In having entire leaves, 5-7-merous flowers and small smooth coriaceous pyrenes, this section shows a close relationship with ser. Longecaudatae. It is distinguished from the latter by its larger leaves and cymose or umbelliform rather than unillorous individual branches in pistillate fas- cicles. I do not agree with Loesener, who placed Ilrx rvcnlosa Hook. f. in the subgenus Byronia, as it lacks the characters of that group. Byronia is essentially characterized by numerous (10 18) pyrenes, while the two species I place in the new section Lauroilex have but 5-S pyrenes. Two species occur in China. Their distribution is as shown in figure 0. KEY TO i' I; SI'IFCIIS .\. I.cave thick cocriaccous, shorrtly acnullii;ite:; lateral nerves )-8 pairs, obscure; inflorescence of ftasciciulate uiiilell or ninhelli form cnics in somne sta;inate ones, the central axis scarcely developCed: lIyrenec 3-striate, the striae slightly im1Iressed. M(lt. ()mei in W est ( hina ). .................................. . . 84. 1. ono 0i'is s. :\.\. I.eaves coriareolns, caulate-acluminate : lateral nerves 15-22 pairs. Iprominen' t on (both surfaces: injtlorescencCe f p setudl-panicu1late com- poundl trichliotomonuo (vnsc w\itl a central axis up to 3 cm. 1lo01., rarely iae-ciculate; ipyrenes striate, tie striae slilhtly elevated<. ( VYu nan. Ildial) ......................... ....... ....... .... . . /. 'cii ul sat. 84. Ilex oneiicnsis H. H. Hu & Tang in Bull. Fan M\em. Inst. Biol. Bot. 9: 245. 1940. Ilex omociclnsis S. Y. Hu in Ic. 11. O(mei. 2: p1. 154. 1946. An evergreen shrub or tree up to 10 m. high with glabrous branchlets. large acuminate thickly coriaceous entire oblong leaves with 6 8 pairs of lateral nerves, fasciculate umbelliform infiorescences, and 6 or 7 small smooth 3-striate pyrenes. Branchlets subterete, the second year's growth 4-6 mm. thick, cinereous or subfuscous, more or less rugose with slightly elevated semicircular leaf-scars and persistent bracts and scars of the inflorescences, often [vol.. xxxr HU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV longitudinally rimulose, the lenticels inconspicuous; current year's growth 3-4 mm. thick, cinereous or nigrescent, slightly angular, plicate, the ter- minal buds subglobose, poorly developed. Leaves occurring rarely on second year's growth, 2-5 cm. apart: stipules deltoid, acute. 0.75-1.5 mm. long, persistent; petioles cylindric, 13 20 mm. long. 2-3 mm. thick, one-ninth to one-sixth as long as the lamina, sulcate above, rugose benreath: lamina thick-coriaceous, glabrous, olivaceous, shiny above, opaque beneath, broadly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 10-20 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide: base obtuse or rounded; apex shortly acuminate, the acumen 0.5-1 cm. long; margin entire; midrib impressed above, elevated and prominent beneath, the lateral nerves in 6-8 pairs, evident or obscure, the reticulation of the veinlets obscure or evident above. Intlorescences fasciculate, axillary, hirsute, the fascicles composed of 5 -9 cymes or umbels, the bracts deltoid, acute, 2 mm. long, 1.75 mm. wide. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles of trichotomous cymes or umbels; peduncles 20-25 mm. long, the secondary axes 2-3 mm. long, the pedicels 6-S mm. long, with minute basal prophylla: flowers 5- or 6-merous; calyx patelli- form, 3-4 mm. in diameter, puberulous and ciliate, deeply 5- or 6-lobed, the lobes deltoid, obtuse. 1.5 mm. long, 1.25 mm. wide at the base; corolla rotate, 6 mm. across, the petals ovate-elliptic. 2.5 mm. long, 1.75 nmm. wide, one-sixth connate at the base: stamens shorter than the petals, the anthers ellipsoid. 1 mm. long; rudimentary ovary subglobose, 1 mm. in diameter. Pistilate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles umbel iform: peduncles 7-12 mm. long, the pedicels 5-7 mm. long, with 1-2 su -basal prophylla; flowers 6- or 7-merous: calyx 3.5 mm. across, deeply 6- or 7- lobed; corolla suberect, 4 mm. across, the petals 6 or 7. ovate. 1,5 mm. long, one-fifth connate at the base; staminodes very minute, half the length of the petals, the sterile anthers cordate: ovary ovoid. 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide at the base: the stigma mammiform. rarely cristate. Fruit red, globose, 4 mm. in diameter, the stigma thick-discoid, conspicuous. Pyrenes 6 or 7, trigonous in cross-section, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide. 3-striate on the back, the striae slightly impressed, sometimes anastomos- ing, the endocarp smooth, coriaceous. tIllNA: Szechuan : Mt. Omei, C. V. Chiia (' C. S. 1Fan 412 (A) : 1/. C. C(hor 7551 A), 207 A) : 7'. 11. Tu 381 (SS): (C. I'. Ya,, 1912 SSS ) : 1. T'. I'anai 23230 (A). This species is known only from Mt. Omei in western Szechuar. where it grows in mixed forests at an altitude of 1500 m. It flowers in June and by August the red fruits are mature. It is closely related to Ilc: venulosa Hook. f. In the size and shape of its leaves and in the number, size, and striation of the pyrenes the two species resemble each other. They differ in their inflorescences and in their leaf characters. Ilex vr, ulosa has pseudopaniculate compound cymes or umbels and caudate-acuminate leaves with 15-22 prominent lateral nerves on each side, while Ilex omcif'nsis has fasciculate pseudo-umbels and merely acuminate leaves with but 6-8 obscure lateral nerves. 19501 V(OL. XXXI Ilex oinmicnsis HI. HI. Hu & Taang (1940) and Ilex om:ciensis S. Y. Hu (1946) are exact synonyms, being based on the same collections. I was unaware of the 1(40 publication when I prepared myn description in 1942. Since under war conditions there was no exchange of publications between occupied (hina and free (China. I saw no copy of the IIu and Tang paper until after I reached Bostln. It is of some interest to note that regarding this species, known as yet on ly from Mt. Omei, we independently reached the same conclusion, even selecting the same specific name for the species. - 1 'r awat L C '"" i ' (' I 1 f . . d. ' . I " 7 : 1 . in : ).I \i Note B'o." ard. Ld ,n ." 1 / S-nikla - ' .. -- " ',. " . ......... . / iancea ae , . s / ItK;. . (i enLrIli rilutii o1 f lthe oti)> l.tur ilex :a d >cn -li a(illi u iUin ilc mlindiiig t ihe live eerie of tihe latter a 'ction. 85. lex veniilosa Ilook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 1: 602. 1875; Loes. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Ielop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 78: 89 (Monog. A(quif. 1: 89). 1901; Anon. in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 17: 10, 155, 173. 1929--30; Comber in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. 18: 58. 1933. An entirely glabrous evergreen shrub (ex Forrest) or a small tree (ex Tsai) up to 8 im. hiih. with entire coriaceous caudate leaves, 15-22 pairs of prominent parallel lateral nerves, pseudo-paniculate rarely fasciculate compound cymes, small fruits, and 5-7 smooth coriaceous striate pyrenes. Branchlets subfuscyous or nigrescent, minutely rimulose: second year's growth 4-5.5 mm. thick, the lenticels constpicuous, white, elliptic; current year's growth slightly angular. 3 mm. thick, plicate, shiny, nigrescent. Leaves on both first and sec(ond years' growth, 1-3 cm. apart: stipules deltoid, acute. 1 lmm. long: petioles cylindric. rather robust, 1.3-2.2 cm. long, 2 01mm. thick. one-seventh to one-fifth the length of the lamina, narrowly c:inaliculate above, plicate-rugose beneath; lamina coriaceous, olivaceous or brunneo-olivaceous, opaque on both surfaces, ovate or oblong-elliptic, 10-20 cm. long, 3 6.5 cm. wide; base rounded or obtuse; apex caudate-acuminate, the acumen very narrow, 2-3 cm. long; margin entire; midrib deeply sulcate above, strongly elevated and prominent Jt)t`11\ 1L OF Tilt: 1It\'t)Lt) :ARBOIU:rlM IHU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV beneath; lateral nerves 15-22 on each side, elevated on both surfaces, the reticulations prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescences pseudo-paniculate or rarely fasciculate, axillary on second year's growth, very rarely solitary at the base of a new branch, the central axis 4-30 mm. long, 1.5 2 mm. in diameter. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the panicles cymose, 2-4 times trichotomous; peduncles 10-17 mm. long, subtended by a broad deltoid, warty, acute bract with 2 stipule-like appendages, the secondary axes 3-5 mm. long, the bracts deltoid, acute; pedicels 2 mm. long, with 2 basal prophylla; flowers 5- or 6-merous; calyx patelliform, 3 mm. across, the lobes ovate, deltoid, ciliate; corolla rotate, 6 mm. across, the petals oblong-ovate, 2.5 mm. long, 1.8 mm. wide, one-sixth connate at the base; stamens slightly shorter than the petals, the anthers oblong- ovoid, 1 mm. long; rudimentary ovary subglobose-ovoid, the apex obtuse. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the panicles trichotomous cymose or subumbelliform; peduncles 7 12 mm. long; pedicels 2-3 mm. long; calyx 2-3 mm. across. 6-8-lobed, the lobes deltoid, ciliate; corolla suberect, 3-4 mm. across, the petals obovate, 1.5 mm. long, one-fifth connate at the base; staminodes one-third the length of the petals, the sterile anthers cordiform: ovary ovoid-globose, 1.5 mm. long, the stigma capitate, 5-7-lobed. Fruit globose, red, 3-4 mm. in diameter, the per- sistent calyx 3 mm. across, the stigma navel-like or thin-discoid. Pyrenes 5-7, oblong-ovoid in outline, in cross-section trigonous, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, 3-striate, the striae slightly elevated, sometimes branched, the sides smooth, the endocarp coriaceous. CH' INA: Yunnan : without precise locality, G. JForrest 7530 (A), 9801 (A), 13672 (A), 15725 (A), 16063 (A), 21085 (A), 26168 (NY), 26216 (A), 26218 (A, NY, US) ; M. K. Li 1133 (A) ; Teng-yuch, J. F. Rock 7972 (A) ; Lu-se-hsien, 7. . I. Tsai 56102 (A) ; Mong-ko, H. 7. Tsai 56425 (A). UI' ER BURMA: Kachin Hills, Shaik Mokim. in 1889 (A). IN DIA: Khasia, Griffith (G) ; L.cmann in 1844 (G) ; Oldham 8 (A); S'chlaiintwcit in 1855 (G) ; Faast Bengal, Griffith 2009 (G) ; Hooker & 7'hj>miso)n llex (8), (G) ; A-ssam, King's Colecctor (A). This plant was first described from specimens collected in northern India. It is a shrub growing in thickets or a tree occurring in woods. Its dull yellow flowers appear in February and March. It is allied to Ilex omeicnsis H. H. Hu & Tang, but the latter has fasciculate umbels, acuminate but not caudate leaf-apices, and only 6-8 pairs of obscure lateral nerves. 85a. Ilex venulosa var. simplicifrons, var. nov. A typo differt inflorescentiis magis compactis, cymis valde reductis, parvis, paucifloris; pedunculo 2 mm. longo. tICINA: V u n an : Ten--yueh, G. Forrcst 9800 (A, TVIPE). INDIA) : Khasia I ills, ex HIerb. Forest School, Debra DIun (A). This variety differs from the typical Ilex vcnulosa in having more com- pact inflorescences with much reduced cymes, which are smaller in size 19501 JO'tRN AL OF TIIE ARNOLD ARBORETIM and fewer flowered than in the typical form. The peduncles are only 2 mm. long. SECTION IX. PSEUDOAQUIFOLIUM, SECT. NOV. Arbor vel frutex; foliis integerrimis, raro crenulato-serratis; inflo- rescentiis fasciculatis; tloribus 6-S-meris (raro 4-meris); pyrenis 6 8, raro 4, striatis, esulcatis, raro sulcatis, endocarpio coriaceo, raro sub- lignescente. Twenty-seven species in five series occur mostly in South China. The range of each series is as shown in Figure 9. KEY TO TitE SERIES A. Endocarp of the pyreMcs suhlit'gncent : lyrenes 3- triate and 2-sulcate, the striae clinging to the 'ndol arp : branchlets slender, so ridved that the cross-section appears (cluiad.l:an ular.............Serie 1. ,'rin ifllia'. A\\. Endocarp coriaceous: pireniu smooth, or striate and esulcate. the striae easily detached from the endocarp: branchlets sul)tertce. of tllhe fruit: fruit in famcicles or pseurdoTaccine. ................................. ..S eri s 2. S 'i 'cr ovy idci s. C('. Fruit 3--4 rarely up1 to 5 nmn. in diameter, the style lacking, the stigma thin-discoid. I). I.eaves entire, the apex usually caudate: pyrenes 4, rarely 5 .............................Series 3. Lon.n0 dacaiiihita . I)1). Leaves snrrate, crenate or sluheltire: ciyreiina's or 7 . . . .......................... . . ...Series 4. M icr dlnti ac. PlP>. l'ruiting p])ediccls 1-3 inn. long, always shlorter than the diameter Io tih fruit ; fruit usually in pairs .........Series 5. Ila( ncca t ac. SERIES 1. PRINIOLIAE, STATr. NOV. I/c. sulben. Euilc.x, series C. .tquifoliinZ, sect. 4. Prinifoliae Loes. in IEngler & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 220. 1S1),. et in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carl. Nat. (ur. 78: 356 ( Monog. Acquif. 1: 356). 1901. lEvergreen shrubs or small trees with slender angular pul)escent b)ranch- lets: leaves chartaceous or memlranaceous. entire. subentire, or pauci- serrate, the apex acute and the tip mucronate or cuslidate, usually pulescent; inflorescences fasciculate or pseudopaniculate; flowers 4-S- merous; stamens shorter than the petals; ovary with an evident style: fruit with 5, 6, or 7 pyrenes; pvrenes 3-striate, the endocarp thick-coriaceous or sublignescent. A transitional group between the fasciculate and the cymose species and also between the evergreen and the deciduous species. [VOL. XXXI Hit, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV KEY TO THE SPECIES A. Individual branches of the pistillate fascicles 1-5-flowered; uiniforous pedicels 5 nmm. long; peduncles of the cymes 3-7 mm. long-.......... . .86. 1. stlwardni. ................... ................. ....... ... . I s ardii. AA. Individual branches of the pistillate fascicles uniflorous. rarelv 1-3- flowered: fruiting pedicels 2-3 mm. lon ; peduncles of the cymes 1-3 mm. long. B. Leaves serrate or suhentire, the lamina elliptic or obovate-elliptic, hirsute: branchlets hirsute. ( Kast and South (China) .......... ................ .... . ............. . 87 . I. j'ubcscc is. BB. I.eaves entire, the lamina bro(ad-elliptic or obovate-oblon.n, glabrou ; branchlets puberulous. (IHainan and southwest Kwanoi; ....... ........................................... 88. I. hai:;anensis. 86. Ilex stewardii. sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor parva: ramulis puberulentibus, foliis chartaceis vel crasse membranaceis. integerrimis, lanceolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis vel ob- longo-ellipticis, 5-8.5 cm. longis. 1.4-3 cm. latis, apice acuminatis vel caudatis, acuminibus 8 15 mm. longis, costa supra impressa, nervis later- alibus 9-11 paribus, supra evidentibus, subtus prominentibus; inflores- centiis foemineis fasciculatis vel pseudopaniculatis. compositis l-5-floribus cymis, pedunculis 3-7 mm. longis, pedicellis 3-5 mm. longis, floribus 6- vel 7-meris, calvcibus eciliatis, corolla rotata, petalis 1.5-2 mm. longis; staminodiis quam petalis J brevioribus, ovario ovoideo, stigrnate crasse discoideo; fructibus 3 mm. diametro, stylis evidentibus: pyrenis 6, 3 mm. longis, 1 mm. latis, dorso 3-striatis, esulcatis, endocarpio coriaceo. An evergreen shrub or small tree up to 8 m. high, with minutely puberu- lent branchlets, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-elliptic chartaceous entire leaves with a long-acuminate or caudate apex. fasciculate or pseudo- paniculate pistillate inflorescences, small ovate-subglobose fruits, and 6 or 7 longitudinally striate-esulcate coriaceous pyrenes. Branchlets brunneous, the third year's growth 2.5-4 mm. in diameter, longitudinally plicate-rugose, minutely and unevenly rimulose. the lenticels lacking, the leaf-scars narrowly subcrescent-shaped, slightly elevated: sec- ond year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, subquadrangular. ridged, puberulous; current year's growth slender, 1-1.5 mm. in diameter, longitudinally deeply canaliculate, sparsely and distinctly puberulent, the terminal buds poorly developed, usually abortive, with loose acute and narrow scales. Leaves occurring even on the third year's growth, 7-14 mm. apart: stipules long- deltoid, callose, acute, persistent; petioles 5-8 mm. long. about one-tenth the length of the lamina, narrowly and deeply canaliculate and minutely puberulous above, glabrous and rugose beneath; lamina chartaceous or thickly membranaceous. brunneous-olivaceous. shiny above, opaque and epunctate beneath, lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong or narrowly oblong- elliptic, 5-8.5 cm. long, 1.4-3 cm. wide; base acute or acuminate, rarely obtuse; apex long-acuminate or caudate, the acumen 8-15 mm. long, the point cuspidate or mucronate; margin entire, very rarely pauciserrate near the apex; midrib narrowly and deeply impressed and minutely puberulous 1950] JOLURNAI. OF THIE I: N(I1) ARBOKIETt M above, elevated and glabrous beneath, the lateral nerves 9-11 pairs, evi- dent above, prominent beneath, the reticulation of the secondary nerves and the veinlets conspicuous underneath. Pistillate inflorescence fasciculate or pseudopaniculate, sessile, puberulous, the central axis 3 12 mm. long, with active or abortive terminal buds; bracts broadly deltoid, acute, per- sistent; individual branches 1-5-flowered, when unillorous the pedicels 5 mm. long with 2 submedian prophylla: when multiflorous cvmose or subumbelliform, the peduncles 3-7 mm. long, the pedicels 3-5 mm. long, with 2 basal prophylla; flowers 6- or 7-merous; calyx patelliform, 2 mm. across, deeply lobed, the lobes ovate-deltoid, erose, eciliate, acute; corolla rotate, 4-5 mm. across, the petals oblong, 1.5 2 mm. long, one-sixth con- nate at the base; staminodes one-half the length of the petals, sagittate; ovary ovoid, 1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide; the stigma thick-discoid. Stami- nate flowers not seen. Fruit ovoid-subglobose. 4 mm. long, 3 mm. in diameter, when dry castaneous or nigrescent, the persistent calyx sub- explanate, 2.5-3 mm. across, the stigma thick-discoid, the style sometimes evident. Pyrenes 6, elliptic in outline. 3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, the dorsal surface rough, 3-striate, esulcate, the sides smooth, the endocarp coriaceous. 'llNlNA: K weich w : T uhl-si-ha. '. TsiIanl 6750 (NY . K a ng- t u ng : Fan --ch'eng, II'. T. 7I'samj 26 (.\ ). K w a nt s i : Ie-kon. Scl-ficn -laur-shan, R. (C. (' inns 36T7 (IA , NV ), 7s22 ( N B) : Lu-chen, R. C. Chiin 5,i62 ( I , NY ) ;: F a o -lung, 1. I. I. an/_ ( 0(75 ) : - ; 1un. - llhicn, lS/ci'zard Cl ,o 7(0( (Iv r.:, A;i N ). !0V2 ( N, N ): Shan-l .ze, Sha;p- ian- aai shan, II . T. 'Tsing 22 ( A ), 22 9 (A), 226S7 (A, L ), J./N? (, XV, N 23073 ( A, N l, 2 -15, ( A. NY) ; moung vuln, T. S. ITs'oI / ( Chln i /. on tield label) 211 5 (A). IN I)()- (1l lN.: To n l in : .1. !'btclot 3 06S (N N ) ; I la-c.i, Taai-wong- mislishan, 11. '. T. Tsao 26959 (\A), 292'10 (A) : )an-ha, Sai- w n-mo -san, II'. 7'. Tsang 29810 (A). The description of the pistillate flower is drawn from Tsaung 29SI0. Ilex slrwardii is endemic to the high mountains between Kwangtung, Kwangsi, and Indo-China, and grows as a shrub in woods or forests. It flowers in late June or July. The fruit is still green in August. turning red in November. The sparsely puberulous slender quadrangular branchlets, the charta- ceous entire leaves with prominent lateral nerves, the fasciculate or pseudoplaniculate inflorescences, the cymose branches of the infructescence, and the small fruits of Ilex steCwardii suggest close relationship with I/rx lhainanensis Merr., but the latter has ovate-obovate or oblong leaves with abrupt and short-acuminate apex and dorsally canaliculate pyrenes. This species is named after the collector of the type. Prof. A. N. Steward of the University of Nanking, my tirst botany teacher. 87. Ilex plllieseens Hook. & Arn. lot. Ileechey \oy. 167, pl. 35. 1833; Steud. Nomencl. ed. 2, 1: 802. 1840: lenth. Fl. Ilongk. 65. 1861; Maxim. in Mlem. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. VII, 29(3): 40. 1881; Forles & IHemsl. in Jour. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23: 117. 1886; Lees. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. ('Cur. 78: 356 (Monog. [VOL. XXXI ll,. THE G;ENI'S ILEX IN CIIINA, IV Aquif. 1: 356). 1901: Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. Add. Ser. 10: 59. 1912; Yamamoto, Suppl. Ic. P1. Form. 1: 39. 1925: Rehd. in Jour. Arnold Arb. 7: 157. 1927; Groff in Lingnan Sci. Bull. 2: 64. 1930; McClure in Lingnan Sci. Bull. 3: 25. 1931: Belval, Mus. Heud. Not. Bot. (hin. 2: 21. 1933; Hand.-Alzt. Symb. Sin. 7: 658. 1933. Ilc.r tr iihoclada Iiayata, Ic I. I. Form. 3: 56. 1913. A hirsute evergreen shrub up to 3 m. high (tree up to 17 m. high, ex Handel-Mazzetti), with slender subquadrangular branchlets. elliptic char- taceous or membranaceous subentire or argutely pauciserrate leaves, fasciculate inflorescences, 6-8-merous flowers, styliferous ovary, shortly pedicellate globose fruit with capitate stigma and 6 or 7 pyrenes. 3-striate on the back. Branchlets slender, somewhat zigzag, cinereous: third year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, subterete, longitudinally ridged and rugose, puberulent, the lenticels lacking, the leaf-scars small, nearly crescent-shaped. slightly elevated: second year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, hirsute, longitudinally ridged, appearing subquadrangular; current year's growth 1 mm. in diameter, longitudinally ridged and canaliculate, villose, the terminal buds often poorly developed or lacking. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth, 2-5 mm. apart; stipules acute, deltoid, callose, hirsute, persistent; petioles 2.5-5 mm. long, one-thirteenth to one-tenth the length of the lam- ina. hirsute or hispid; lamina chartaceous or membranaceous, olivaceous or atro-olivaceous, opaque and hirsute especially along the midribs, elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 2-5.5 cm., rarely up to 7 cm. long, 1--2.5 cm., rarely up to 3 cm. wide; obtuse at the base, acute or shortly acuminate at the apex, the acumen 3-7 mm. long, the point cuspidate; margin argute and pauciserrate or subentire; midrib plane or slightly impressed above, ele- vated beneath, the lateral nerves 4 or 5 pairs, obscure above, evident beneath, anastomosing near the margin, the reticulation of the veinlets obscure on both surfaces. Inflorescences fasciculate or pseudo-paniculate in the pistillate, hirsute, axillary on second year's growth only, with dor- mant or abortive terminal buds, the central axis (when present) 5-6 mm. long, the bracts minute, tricuspidate or deltoid, acute with 2 slipule-like appendages. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles uniflorous. rarely 3-flowered cymose, the pedicels 1 2 mm. long, with 2 minute basal prophylla; peduncles when present 1 mm. long: flowers 4- or 5-merous; calyx patelliform, 2 mm. across, deeply 5- or 6-lobed, the lobes ovate-deltoid, villose, eciliate; corolla 4-5 mm. across, the petals 4-6, ovate-oblong or obovate, 2 mm. long, 1.75 mm. wide, eciliate, one-sixth connate at the base; stamens three-fourths the length of the petals, the anthers oblong, 0.8 mm. long; rudimentary ovary pulvinale, the apex shortly rostellate. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 1- or rarely 3-flowered; pedicels 2-3 mm. long, the peduncles of 3-flowered cymes, 1-1.5 mm. long; flowers 6-8-merous; calyx 2.5 mm. across, deeply 6- or 7-lobed, the lobes acute, hirsute; corolla rotate, the petals 5-8, oblong, 2 mm. long; staminodes one-half the length of the 19501 JOl RN\IA OF THE A\INOID ARBORIETI.MX petals, the sterile anthers sagittate: ovary ovoid. 1.5 mm. long, 1.25 mm. wide, glabrous, the style evident, the stigma capitate or thick-discoid. Fruit globose, 4 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx explanate, the style often evident, the stigma thick-discoid or capitale. Pyrenes 6, rarely 5 or 7, elliptic in outline, the ends pointed, 3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, the dorsal surface roughened, 3-striate-esulcate, the sides smooth, estriate. the endo- carp thick-coriaceous or sublignescent. C'IIIXA .: A hwci : Wu-yuen. K. Lin. 736) ( A). (l.e k i a : Tiih tai sIan, R. C. Chting 1372 ( A, LS i~ Sia-clhi, R. (. Ching 1716 tA, I -. 'S, : Vcn-tand, II. 11. 1/fn 1 2' ( \) ; Siu-chian,; lh icn, II. II. lit /I'1 ( A ). T'sing-tai, Y. I/. Kcnt 1 (. A . I i  a n s i : 1Tai-i anl-hon . I. [. (;r'.ssilt /1S1/ (A ) : Tun kui,. ). K. Ilsint i (11, ( A : \wc-cluc Ich .n, . 11. I. i Sl// (A) : Kiei-nan, S. K. /.ahu 3. ) (A, L'S ), .1U5 (:A, I'S) T" im",, ^-jen, )'. 7Ts"an/ 10129 '\ ), .10217 (\ Y) : T". 11. Il' !n Ic 1,'.5 .A , /11 (.\A ). Fu k i i n : t lin -llua, I. 1, . Chung 9u 00 A, 1. 1.' : Min "- li.n'n., II. 1/. C('humn 2003 (A ) ; A tl- pinl . 11. 11. II. C t n o/ 2 ( . A, 1[" ) , - o (. A , 3369 ( A ) ;: ct hi i, 11. ///.(h Chtn 3710 (.A ). 37 72 ( A ). 5214 1.1 in art, NY , 5106 .A ), 121 (A\ A ),'. 690) '). 720 , A . . ' 009 ( A) ; . II I IIHtIu 5 63 ( A.\ ) : lng-h k, I. /H. (C ung 7731 ( A. I. ). 7',7 I \ A, lt ' T7''3 SItt. 1 it I ( 'i t/? 111t i", 'ii, iii' ( ) : .s . (;. I1. I1. (I'I t 11 ' : t 1 1 I A ) : I hai Cl/0 (iA ) : '202( , A ) ; 103 ( , t vuen. S. I I.bnl- Mounta 11 1. N (A , 17 T I .ith-chiar,. I'. 7 21737 ( A) : J.n- i( \ , H111 A ),) 731 .A) : \Vai SNY V ), 350 NY Tanu 5 ,)70 tllun 7922 t(A . n, A),. 16n5/ 1 I L ' ). Kim 7 I i. , i: Ku- A , I..') : ( an '-ken,. ./.. I (;!cssif/ 172 ( A ). '1 i- l' ta-clin 1, 11 . ) . Chun 521 ( A : 1 -kliang, 11. 5. Ch'?:n 5.s',I A, ) : 'Tl ' -vi u- h;an, 11. ' . 'Chun 0377 ( \V"at--]ui-slh n. II . )'. .Ch'/n 73,5 INl1 . \V ) : Hl/ nd , i- ( XNY ) : Kan- " - i -Ian. ll'aiif HU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV it is called Ilex pubescens. In the Arnold Arboretum it is called a Vac- cinium. Ilex pubescens has a very wide range of distribution in the warm tem- perate and sub-tropic southeastern China. There it grows as a shrub or small tree in thickets and woods. Its pinkish flowers appear in May. The fruit becomes red in October. The hirsute indumentum, the chartaceous or membranaceous leaves, the 4-6 or even 7-merous flowers, the short stamens, and the shortly pedicel- late fruits of Ilex pubescens indicate relationship with the deciduous Jap- anese Ilex serrata Thunb. var. sieboldi (Miq.) Rehd., but the latter has solitary inflorescences in the axils of the leaves of the current year's growth, and these are always found behind the axillary buds. Moreover, in the case of the latter entity the calyx is ciliate and the pyrenes are smooth. The subquadrangular branchlets, the fasciculate or pseudopanicu- late inflorescences, the deeply lobed eciliate and erose calyx, and the small subglobose fruit of Ilex pubescens also indicate close relationship with Ilex hainancnsis Merr., but the latter species has oblong or obovate gla- brous leaves, dorsally canaliculate pyrenes and nearly glabrous branchlets. 87a. Ilex puhescens var. kwangsiensis Hand.-Mzt. in Sinensia 3(8): 189. 1933. Branchlets densely villose; leaves thick-chartaceous, brunnecus-oliva- ceous, villose, oblong or obovate, 4-8 cm. long, 2-7 cm. wide, the base obtuse or rarely cuneate, the apex abruptly acuminate; inflo-escences pseudopaniculate, usually with active terminal buds; fruit globose. 3 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx ciliate; pyrenes 6 or 7. 2.25 mm. long, 0.8 mm. wide, roughened on the dorsal surfaces, 3-striate-esculate, the endocarp coriaceous. ('HINA: Kwangsi : Ba-ka-shan, W. IPo-sch, R. C. Chine 7403 (NY, IsnsvvxNTY'r), 7522 (NY, ISOSYNTYrI) ; Lin-yuin-hsien, .St ,ard :. Chco 662 (A, NYXV). This variety differs from typical Ilex pubescens in having larger leaves with an abruptly acuminate apex, numerous prominent veins, and smaller fruits and pyrenes. Ilex pubescens var. kwangsiensis is isolated in western Kwangsi. There it grows as a shrub up to 4 m. high, where the white flowers appear in June. In the form of the leaf and the venation, this variety resembles Ilex hainanensis Merr. more than Ilex pubescens. The ciliate calyx of this variety resembles that of Ilex serrata Thunb. var. sieboldii (Miq.) Loes. Our specimens appear to be very poorly selected and do not seem to repre- sent normal growth. More adequate material may prove that the plant deserves the rank of a species. 88. Ilex hainanensis Merr. in Lingnan Sci. Jour. 13: 60. 1934; Tanaka & Odashima in Jour. Soc. Trop. Agr. 10: 372. 1938; Masamune Fl. Kainant. (Hainan) 174. 1943. Ilex rotunda Thunb. var. hainanensis Loes. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.- 19501 IOil.. XXXI C'irol. XN il. Cur. 7S: 108 ( N o n g. A juif. 1: (10 ). 10!!. .Sn ,'. 111r:'. An evergreen tree up to 5 m. high with slender, considerably ridled, sparsely pulbruious branchlets, bruolt-elliptic, obovate- or ovate-oblong leaves, fasciculate inflorescences, 5- or -Umerous flowers, atnd globoise fruits with dorsally canaliculate pyrenes. Branchlets rather zigzag, longitiudinall ridged, castaneous or brown, the older portion cincreous: third year's growth 2.5-3 mm. in diameter, ritdged, suiltquadrangular rugose. g'labrescent. the lenticels lacking. the leaf- scars narrowly crescent-shaped, much elevated; second year' s growth 1.5-2 nrm. in diameter. considerably ridged, sparsely tpuerulous: current year's growth I mm. in diameter, deeply and longitudinally canaliculate, sparsely and distinctly puberulous, the terminal buds very thin, usually poorly developed and abortive. Leaves occurring; also on the second year's growth, 5 12 mm. apart: stipules callose. acute-deltoid. I tmm. lotn; petioles 5 10 mm. long. one-tenth to one-tifthl the leagth of the lamina, deeply and narrowly canaliculate above, puterulous in the grooves only; lamina thin-coriaceotus or chartacconc. olvaccoui s or castaneous-olivaceous, optaue or slightly shiny above, opaque beneath, Ibroad-elliptic. obovate- or ovate-oblong, 3-7 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 ci. wide: oitluse at the Ibase: abruptly short-acumttintate at the apex, the acumen 3--7 mmt. lonU. the tip acute or mucronate; margin entire, very rarely 1- or 2-toothed near the apex: midrib deeply inmpressed and minute ly puberulous above. elevated and glabrous beneath, the lateral nerves ca. 10 pairs. prominent on l)otih sur- faces, the reticulation of the veinlets prominent beneath. Inllorescences fasciculate or pseudlopaniculate, on second year's grow\Vth. with active or abortive terminal buds. the central axis 4 mm. long ,sparsely pluberulous, the bracts deltoid ct, ace often deciduous. Staminate inflorescences: indi- vidual branches of the fascicles 1 -5-lowered, subumb'lnliform: Iteduncl es 1- mm!. lont, the pedicels 1 IImm. long with 2 basal lpro(phy la: flow ers 5- or 6-merlous: calyx pattelliform, 2 mm. acrtoss, deeply 5- or 0-lobed , the lobes ovate-deltoid, olbtuse, erose. eciliate. glaibrous: coro!la rotate. 5-6 1mm1. across, the petals ovate. 1.8 mm. (lonit, 1.5 inl. wide, eciliate, one-sixth connaIte at the base: stamens three-fourth the h the Int he petal-, the anthers oblong( , 1 mmn. long; rudimentary ovary pulvill;te, tle l)pex shiortly rostellate. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches c f lithe fascicles 1 3-liowered cymiince: peduncles 1 -3 mm. long, the pedicels 3 nun. long, with 2 minute basal prophylla: calyx and corolla as in the -laminate flowiers; staminodes one-half the length of the petals, the sterile anthers sagittate, with the apex tmutcronate; ovary ovoid, 1.5 mim. in diameter, glabrous, the stilgma thick-discoid, lobed. Fruit subulobise-ellilpsid. 4 mm. lon. 3 n mmi. in diameter, when dry longitudiinally sulcate, the per- sistent calyx sullexiplanale, t3 mml. across, the lobes deltoid. 1 mini. long, obtuse, the stinma thick-discoid ior capitate, the style sometime, evcident. Lyrenes 6. rarely 5. elliptic in outline, the ends pointed, 3 imnn. lont)i, I mitm. wide, the dorsal isurface roughened and canaliculate. the sides sm(ooth. the endocarp subwooty. JOI RN 1L ()F THE 1i,:'OI.]) .111RORh:'h[ \l HU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV CH1INA: K w an g s i : Ioo-lung, Sup-man-ta-shan, II. F. Liarn 69676 (A). HIainan : Ling-shui, II. Ftuiiy 200S6 (ISOTYPE, A; 'TIr'E, NY) ; without precise locality, A. Henry in 1889 (type of Il.r rotun da var. hailnan- ensris, fragment. A): Yai-chow, F. C. Hol 70697 (A , NY, US): I. \Vong Mountain, II. 1'. Liang 63663 (A, NY); Bak-sa, S. K. LaIn 26322 (A), 26327 (A); Lok-tung, S. K. Lan 27433 (A). Ilex hainanensis was first described from Hainan Island as a sma'l-leaved tree growing in woods. The pink flowers appear in April or May. Similar plants have been recently collected in the high mountains of southeastern Kwangsi. The subquadrangular branchlets, the fasciculate inflorescences, the 5- or 6-merous flowers, the short stamens, the rostellate rudimentary ovary, the small fruits, and the elliptic sublignified pyrenes of Ilex hainan- ensis indicate a very close relationship with Ilex pubesccns Hook. & Arn., but the latter has hirsute branchlets, subentire or pauciserrate leaves, and 3-striate esulcate pyrenes. By the entire shortly acuminate leaves and the small subglobose fruit one may be misled into relating the species to Ilex rotunda Thunb. But the latter can easily be distinguished by its simple cymose inflorescences in the leaf-axils of the current year's growth only. Though rarely, it does sometimes happen that some of the active terminal buds of the fasciculate inflorescences of Ilex hainancns's do de- velop into leafy shoots with crowded cymose or subumbelliform inflores- cences in the axils of the scales or even of the lower leaves at 'heir bases. Even in such cases the identity of the species can be recognized by the large number of fasciculate inflorescences. SERI.:s 2. SII)LROXYLOIDES (LoUIs.), STrv;. No\. Ilex subgen. Euilex ser. C. Aquifolium, sect. Mlicrodontae, subsect. Sidcr- oxyloides Loes. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. Nachtr. 220. 1897, et in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 78: 349 (Monog. Aquif. 1: 349). 1901. Leaves entire, thick-coriaceous, coriaceous or subcoriaceous, olivaceous or griseo-olivaceous, rarely slightly brunneous-olivaceous; inflorescences axillary, fasciculate, the staminate fascicles composed of single-flowered pedicels or 3-flowered cymes, the pistillate fascicles of 1-flowered pedicels; fruits globose, the diameter smaller than the length of the pedicels, the stigma prominent, columnar or capitate, the style often listirct, the per- sistent calyx larger than half the diameter of the fruits; pyrenes 4-7, striate but not sulcate, the striae loosely attached to the coriaccous smooth endocarp. KEY TO THE SPECIES A. Leaves not glandular-punctate, the apex obtuse, acute, or acuminate. B. Branchlets pilose: leaves linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, 5-15 rmm. wide; individual branches of the pistillate fascicle: 1-3-flow- ered, the flowers 5-8-merous. (Hupei-Kwangsi) ............... ......................................... 89. I. w ctabap tista. 19501 JOURNAL OF THIE AINOLD ARBOIETIUM [VOL. XXXI B1. 1>ranchlets glabrous or puhbrulo us; leavei ovate, oblong, elliptic or obovate, usually over 2 cm. wide; individual branches of thic pistil- late iascicles ttiiilor> tus. C. Irl anchlets and petiole:s glabrous: individual branches of the stamiinate fascicles always uniflorous: exocarp of the fruit coriacCou : pyrenes i unitriate on the back. ( Central China) .. ..................................... . 1. cin crrillia a. CC. Branchlets and petioles puberulous; individual branches of the stainiate fascicles 1-3-llowered, rarely more; exocarp of the frutit t I i 1ralnacelous. I). .Leaves thick-coriaceus ; lateral nerves 7-S on each side of the midrib, indistinct; pyrenes 4 or 5. ( Hongkong and South China') .................... 1. . cmcc ylijf ia. I)1). Leaves c{iriaceno s; lateral nerves 11-14 on each side of tlhe mtidrib, evident beneath : pyreies 6 or 7. ( Yunnan ) . . ........... .... . . . .... .. . ..... ... ... 02 . . s i i na . AA. I.eaves glandular-punlctate, the apiex rounded and enarginiate, or a;cumi- nate with retuse, obtuse, or acute tips. H. Leaves thick-coriaceous, olovate: apex rounded and trongly einar- ,;inate or rarely obtuse. ( K\w\ang-tungl ) .......... . . ..0 . lutchcri. 11 . L.(eaves coriaceoUs or sublcoriaecous, linear, oblong or elliptic: apex acunlinate, ithe tip retu0e or obtlu>e, rarely acute. L. I.eaves linear-l:inceolate, less than 2.5 cm. wide; individual blranchil s o1 stamlinate fascicles cy\mli c, the Ipeduncles; 8 1 111111. long, 3 or 4 time- a.- long as tlie pedicels. ( Kwangsi and ad- ijcent proviinces) .......... .. .. .. ........ ..-. 1. salitina. CC. Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong -elliptic, averaging 4 cm. wide: peduncles of llthe staminate flowers variable. I). 'edicels of he fruit 2 --32 mun. long; leaves very lar e, IS 25 cmi. ilon. i --7 cm. wide; petioles comparatively nan ) .............. . .... ... ...... 5. 05. I. dol icopitl a. I)D1. 1'edicel, of the fruit 5-09 c. long; leaves less than 16 cm. longi and less than 5 cm. wide. [Ii. I'Peduncles of the staminate flowers more or less equal- ing the pedicels in length; stigmna of the fruit navel- like; pedicels 5 -; inm. long; leaves ovate-o lonlg, rarely elliptic, 4.5-0 CI. long', birunneousis: thle apex abruptly acuminate, the tip reluse. IF. Flowers 5-8-merous: brancllets glal)rous. ( Kwangtung and Hlainan) ..06. /. kl'bi/skia/tna. lFF. Flowers 4-merous. rarely the calvx 5-loled: branchies pulcerulous. (Kwvangsi ) ............. ..................... . .. . . 7 . I. r,'lusifolia . 'EE. Peduncles of the stamninate tflowers three times as long as thle pedicels; stigma. on fruits colulumlar-ni:t mni- form: pedicels -8 15 ln n. long: leaves elliptic or oblong-elliptic, olivaceous: the apex never retuse. ('Taiwan, itainan, Indo-China) ................... .............. . ............ 98. I. cochinichinenisis. HU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV 89. Ilex metabaptista Loes. ex Diels in Bot. Jahrb. 29: 435. 1900, nom. nud., in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 78: 238 (Monog. Aquif. 1: 238). 1901, descr., et in Sarg. P1. Wils. 1: 78. 1911; Chun in Sunyats. 4: 224. 1940. A pilose evergreen shrub or small tree up to 4 m. high with small lanceo- late to oblanceolate subentire leaves, fasciculate inflorescences, columnar stigma, and 5-8 striate coriaceous pyrenes. Branchlets pilose, older ones cinereous; younger parts castaneous; third year's growth 4 mm. in diameter, longitudinally striate-rugose, the lenti- cels sparse and inconspicuous, orbicular, the leaf-scars semi-orbicular, closely associated with the scars of the inflorescence; second year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, ridged below the attachment of the leaves, the lenticels often evident; current year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, ridged and canal- iculate, pilose; terminal buds (when present) lanceolate, conic, very pilose. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth, 2-12 mm. apart; stipules minute, callose, broadly deltoid, pilose; petioles 3-8 mm. long, one-twelfth to one-eighth the length of the lamina, canaliculate above, pilose; lamina subcoriaceous, olivaceous or brown, lanceolate to oblanceolate, -8 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, pilose along the margin, lower surface, and midrib above; base acute or cuneate, narrowly decurrent; apex acute or obtuse and minutely apiculate; margins subentire, often minutely 1-2-toothed near the apex, pilose, when dry revolute: midrib impressed and pilose above; elevated beneath, the lateral nerves 6-8 on each side, obscure or on older leaves slightly impressed above, prominent beneath, the reticulations obscure. Inllorescences fasciculate, axillary, sessile, on second year's growth, hirsute, the persistent bud-scales minute, callose, broadly deltoid, 0.5 mm. long. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 3-flowered, cymose, the bracts very small, tricuspidate; the peduncles 3-6 mm. long, the pedicels 1.5-2.5 mm. long the bracteoles 0 or 1, basal; flowers white, 5- or 6-merous; calyx cyathiform, 3 mm. across, deeply 5- or 6-lobed, the lobes deltoid-ovate, obtuse, pilose, ciliate; corolla rotate, 5-6 mm. across, the petals oblong-ovate, 2 mm. long, eciliate: stamens slightly shorter than the petals, the anthers oblong, 0.75 mm. long; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, sulcate, the apex shortly acute. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles uni- florous, rarely 2- or 3-flowered cymose; pedicels 4-5 (after fruiting up to 7) mm. long, with 0-2 median or rarely basal or supermedian prophylla; peduncles of occasional cymes 5-6 mm. long, the pedicels 3 mm. long: flowers 5-8-merous; calyx cyathiform, 3-4 mm. across, deeply 6-lobed, the lobes deltoid, hirsute and ciliate; corolla rotate, 6 mm. across, the petals oblong, 2 mm. long; staminodes two-thirds as long as the petals, the sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovate-subpyramidal, the style evident, the stigma columnar, pubescent. Fruit ovoid-ellipsoid, 5-6 mm. long, 4-5 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx subexplanate or patelliform, 4 mm. across, pilose and ciliate, the stigma columnar. Pyrenes 5--8. elliptic 19501 J01 liNAL\ OF TIE A\INOLI) \AHBOIET l11 M in outline. 3.5-4 mm. long, 1.25 mm. wide. the ends pointed, the dorsal surface striate. esulcate, the endocarp coriaceous. ('ll 1 A \: liup i (Iu 1~ eh) : Pa -tung-h Iiin, 11. ('. C(hol 57)9 naterial for tile iidecriptiion of the pistillate iflwers) (A ). 5791 ( \NY); Ichang. A1. HJnry 17/)l (I. ,TYPE, A ). 3 I3 iso Ivi':, A ), /172 ( IsoTYPv , A) : Chang- xyan-tiV i i. /i.ii. 1/ . I 1. io l i \' \), 75, ( A. S): wvithiout precise lc cality, E 11. i11. /son ia t6 IX ), N 6(i. ( A, N V, L'S)., 866 ( ). Kweicho w : \\ la-cli., T iiiglien, S. 11. I 'ac, '936,% (A) Kwei-linx-, . Tsiiunq 5062 ( N;' ). IK. \x a i i s i : Kia'-g koL uhaien. S't ,aird, Chia, " (' Ch o 9:i ) ( A, NV. 'S ; Naiai-tan yn an. (C. 1! ai '10031 ( A). l//.' mntabaptista was first described from material collected from west- ern Ilupei. There it grows as a shrub at altitudes of 300-600 m. and flowers in April. The corollas are white. The fruits are red in December. In recent years the plant has been collected in Kweichow and Kwangsi. The Kweichow specimens are less hairy. So far as our material goes, the species appears to Ie distributed in a narrow band extending north and south along the IlHupi-Illuan-Kwxeichow-Kwvangsi border. The narrowly lanceolate sulhentire leaves, the fasciculate inflorescences, the very minute bracts, the prominent columnar stigma, and the striate esulcate coriaceous pyrenes indicate close relationship with Il/.x salicina Hand.-M/lz. That species, however, has punctate leaves. N9a. Ilex iietabaptista var. nyirsinoides (II. LIvl.) Rehd. in Jour. Arnold Arb. 14: 240. 1933. .1/i si, i ytrsii id'ie 11. ,lvl. in lF hle, Rep. lSpec. Nov. 10: 375. 1)12, et Ft . K o u -Tl'cht 28n. 1()14. .Il vrsin'i' '-e 1 II. 1l.!1. in I"cdile, Rep. Spec. Nov. 10: 376. 1912, et Fl. Kh ui T'cl'eoh u 2SS. 1')14. ,' I/[i"t H ca ( od ric/i 11. l. 1vl., FI. K ny-T'chl tii 284. 11)14. I//'.rv ur,nsii var. tidt/ if'jr I.o'es. apunl II. Levl., Fl. Kouv-Tcheoi 200. 1014. Branchlets cinereous, the current year's growth almost glabrous: leaves lanceolate or oblanceolate, subentire, often with 1-3 teeth near the apex, glaibrous except the midrib above; inflorescences fasciculate, very sparsely and minutely puberulent: calyx ciliate: corolla rotate: rudimentary ovary subglobose, inconslicuously sulcate, the apex mucronate. (' 111NA : K we. i : ./. Cu:''al/tri' 579 ( 'Ivx of ms/asa myrsinoidocs ( K ; pioi) . A : fr:' i i:n- t. N.\ . ): I'. Itod, in'icr 2310, in par t (TYx . of /Ic. f(!i\r\-ni var. hldini',i. fra;:iinrit an: d p)hioo, _A ), 3/2 / ( vTYPE of 1/'rsin'c fiddie tragiiieiiit A ); ./. ('(r'n ri in I Ier . I:. IHol iie 2635 (' T I':E of Emb'l'/i, ca;i t'/;'r , I ragiiieiit, A ) : .. '. I ' o 00'6C1 9 3 (A . II anu 8 25 (A ). This variety occurs inl Kweichow on the western flank of the range of Ilex me'tiahaptfista. Its while tlowers appear in M1ay. This variety differs from the typical Ilcx mentahaptista in having less puberulent branchlets, leaves, and intlorescences. Since the change in the indumentum is so gradual, it might he better to consider this as merely a form rather than as worthy of varietal rank. [VOL. XXXI IIl, TIIE GENT S ILEX IN CIIINA, IV 90. Ilex elmerrilliana, sp. nov. Ile. micicylifli lia seni Rchd. in Jour. Arnold Arb. 8: 157. 129,2 non ('lhamp. Frutex vel arbor parva, glaberrima: foliis crasse coriaceis, oblongo- ellipticis, 5-9 cm. longis, 2 3.5 cm. latis, basi cuneatis vel acutis, apice breviter acuminatis (acumine deltoideo 6-8 mm. longo) margine integer- rimis, costa supra impressa, glabra, sultus elevata, nervis lateralibas obso- letis: inflorescentiis pseudofasciculatis, unitloris; pedicellis 5-10 mm. longis; floribus 5-8-meris, calycibus 3.5 mm. diametro, eciliatis; corolla 7- 8 mm. lata, petalis eciliatis: staminibus quam petalis )aullo brevioril)us. glabris; fructibus globosis. 5 mm. diametro, stylis prominentilbus 1 mm. longis. stigmatibus columnaribus: pyrenis 6 vel 7, levibus. oblongis, 3.5 mm. longis, 1-striatis, striis rimosis. An evergreen shrub or small tree up to 5 m. high with glabrous branch- lets, thick-coriaceous, oblong-elliptic entire leaves, pseudof;scicllate inflo- rescences, globose fruit with a columnar stigma and 6 or 7 pyrenes with smooth coriaceous endocarp and a single branched longitudinal median ridge. Branchlets rather stout, the third year's growth 3-4 mm. in diameter, longitudinally rimulose, the lenticels numerous, elliptic, inconspicuous, the leaf-scars semicircular, slightly elevated: second year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, longitudinally ridged and rugose, the lenticels lacking current year's growth angular and ridged, 2 mm. in diameter. glabrous; the ter- minal buds narrowly conic, the scales very loose, glabrous, ciliate, with prominent stipule-like appendages. Leaves found even on third year's growth, 10-20 mm. apart; stipules narrowly deltoid, persistent: petioles 4-8 mm. long, ca. one-tenth the length of the lamina, glabrous, deeply grooved above, rugose beneath: lamina thick-coriaceous. olivaceous, shiny above, opaque beneath, elliptic or oblong-elliptic. 5-9 cm. lone, 2-3.5 cm. wide: cuneate or acute at the base; abruptly acuminate at the apex, the acumen 6-8 mm. long, broadly deltoid; margin entire, when dry slightly recurved; midrib narrowly impressed and glabrous above, elevated beneath, the lateral nerves inconspicuous on both surfaces. Inflorescences pseudo- fasciculate, the fascicles with persisting or abortive terminal buds, the individual branches unitlorous; bracts ovate, glabrous; flowers 5 8-merous. Staminate inilorescences: pedicels 5-10 mm. long, glabrous, with 0 2 sub- basal prophylla: calyx patelliform, 3.5 mm. across. 6-8-lobed, the lobes deltoid, acute-acuminate, eciliate; corolla rotate, 7-8 mm. across, the petals oblong, 3.5 mm. long, eciliate, one-fourth connate at the base; stamens nearly as long as the petals, glabrous, the anthers ovoid-oblong; rudimentary ovary conic, the apex obtuse, inconspicuously lobed. Pistil- late flowers not seen (the staminode attached to certain young fruits glabrous). Fruit globose, 5 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx ex- planate, 4 mm. across, the lobes acute, the style prominent, 1 mm. long, the stigma columnar. Pyrenes 6 or 7, oblong, in cross-section trigonous, 3.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, the endocarp coriaceous, smooth, with a single slender ridge on the back, slightly branched towards the lower end. 19501 JOI RN \L OF THE ARNOLD ARHBOhETt M ( I1 INA : A n w i : W\u-yuia A'. (C. Chinf 3307 .\, IU). (Cheki - a nI without t prci. e locality, R. C. ('hiniq 1l36 ( A) : Tih-tai-shan, R. (. I(' l',ii tr 136 . (L S ). W nc h c i C: . Chlin 1S67 (:. .1', 'S) S ; T'iit- ieln )'. 1 . KC eo S2 ( " ('A hin viun-hsiicn (hlerb. Nat. Chek. Univ. I) I ). (L 1 . F u k i ie n : central ukiei, )Dunni (ex ] lion kong hlerb. 1,. I//71) (A\) : Yenpini , 1. II . in 117. 1 Ch 1ng 1 ) K i a n - i : Tung-ku, 1. K. l. ine. 1 56 . i . fon5 : '. K. lsiing 6133 I A.7 : L.\ un -ntan. .S'. K'. LAi 111l) ( :I' , A : LS ), *1776 ("A, L:S ). This is a shrub or a tree growing in thickets and forests. The largest tree, accordine to data on the labels, is 16 m i. hih. Its white flowers appear in MAav. In the form and texture of the leaves Ilex 'elnerrilliana is very similar to Ilex n mccylijolia ('hamp. ex Benth., but the latter has puberulent branchlets, pubescent staminodes. and 4 or 5 reticulately striate woody p)yrenes. The species is named in honor of Professor Elmer I). Merrill. 01. Ilex Imniem ylifolia Champ. ex Benth. in Hook. Jour. Bot. Kew (Gard. Mliscel. .: 328. 152: Walp.. Annal. 41: 430. 1857: Benth.. IFl. HIongrk. 65. 1861; Maxim. in Ilem. Acad. Sci. St. Pltersb. VII. 29: 37. 1881: Forles & Iemsl. in Jour. Iinn. Soc. Bot. 23: 117. 1886: Loes. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. ('ur. 78: 350 (Alonog. Aquif. 1: 350). 1901: Dunn & Tutcher in Kew Bull. Add. Ser. 10: 60. 1912; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. (en. Indo-C(hine 8: 852. 1l)12. 1l ".! m ie lif,. li r. if la Champ. op. cit 3J1). 1852; Ines. op). cit. 351. 1)(11. An evergreen shrub up to 2 m. high with puberulent branchlets, ovate- oblong or obovate entire leaves, p)seudofasciculate inflorescences, stvlif- erous ovary,. puil)escent staminodes, globose fruits, each with a columnar stigma and 4 or 5 reticularly striate esulcate pyrenes. Branchlets slender, third year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, smooth, the lenticels lacking, the leaf-scars semicircular, much elevated: second year's growth more slender, lo ngitudinally wrinkled when dry; current year's growth 1 mm. in diameter, minutely pulerulent, the terminal buds broadly void, puberuleint. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth, 8-17 n:n. apart; stip)ules o lli(iuely deltoid; petioles 5 7 mm. long, about one- eighth the length of the lamina, pul)erulent, narrowly canaliculate al)ove: lamina thickly coriaccous, griseous- or brunneous-olivaceous, rather opaque on both surfaces. ovate-oblong or rarely obovate, 3.5-8.5 cm. lon,. 1.4-3.5 cm. wide, cuneate at the base: shortly and abruptly acuminate at the apex. the acumen 2 8 mm. long; margin entire: midrib puberulent and deeply impressed above, elevated beneath, the lateral nerves inconspicuous. In- fltrescclncvs pseudofasciculate, axillary on the second year's growth, the central axis 1-5 mm. long with a dormant or active terminal bud: flowers 4 6-merous. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fas- cicles 1-3-flowered, the bracts deltoid, minutely puberulent; peduncles 1-2 mm. long, the pedicels 3-6 mm.. rarely 7 mm. long, both puberulent; [VOL. XXXI 1ITi, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV the prophylla 0-2, basal or sub-basal; calyx patelliform, 2 mm. across, puberulent, 5- or 6-lobed, the lobes deltoid, obtuse, often erose, ciliate; corolla rotate, 5-6 mm. across, one-sixth connate at the base; petals 4 or 5, oblong, 1-2 mm. long, eciliate; stamens 4 or 5, equaling the petal in length, the anthers ovoid, 0.7 mm. long, glabrous; rudimentary ovary subglobose, apical end inconspicuously lobed. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles uniflorous; pedicels 6-8 mm. long, with 1 or 2 basal prophyila; calyx and corolla as in the staminate flower; staminode three-fourths as long as the petals, both the filamert and the sterile anthers puberulent; ovary subglobose-ovoid, 1.5-2 mm. in diameter, the style evident, 1 mm. long, the stigma capitate. Fruit globose, 6 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx explanate, 3 mm. across; stigma columnar, pyrenes 4 or 5, 'reticulately striate. elliptic-trigonous, 5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide on the back, the endocarp coriaceous, rough and hairy. (C[ INA: Kwangtung : IIcun -sihan . 1'. 7'. To (CC(C) 2235 (LU, NY): Ilung-tung, S. S. Sun 9S25 (NY). IHogngkong: M. BRon 344 (I'); Champion (fragment frm TI r', A:); '. Y. Chun 5070 (A), 6094 (A), 6989 (NY) J. Fsisqirol 1299 (I'); F:. . Forbes 83 (B), 178 (B); C. Ford in 1879 (A, NV, L'S), in 1893 (A, NY, US) : Mrs. Gibbs (ex Herb. Hongkong no. 10259) (.A): Ianc, (G), 573 (NY): Y. II'. 7Taam 1509 (A) ; Il'. T. Tsanq 29656 (A) ; I. Tsian! 152 (A, NY), 235 (A), 267 (A), 280 (A, ULS), 302 (A) : ll'ilford (() ; C. ll'right 98 (G, NY, US). Kouloon n City : I). T. DI)nn 46 (A). Kwangsi : Shang-sze, W. T. Tsanq 22116 (A, LU). Except for a collection from southeastern Kwangsi, Ilex memecylijolia is known only from Hongkong Island. There it grows as a shrub on dry slopes, in thickets and woods, and also along roadsides. It blooms in April. The flowers are white and fragrant (Tsang). In leaf form and leaf texture Ilex memecylifolia is closely related to Ilcx elmerrilliana S. Y. Hu, but the latter differs in having glabrous stems, uniflorous individual branches of staminate fascicles, glabrous staminodes, rostellate rudimentary ovary, and pyrenes with only one branched median longitudinal stria. The specimen collected by C. Wright at Hongkong has both large (8 cm. long. 3 cm. wide) and small (3 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide) leaves on a single branch. Thus Ilex memecylifolia var. oblongifolia, distinguishable by leaf size only, is not worthy of recognition. 92. Ilex sinica (Loes.), comb. nov. Ilex./ alabarica Bedd. var. sinica Loes. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.- Carol. Nat. Cur. 89: 281 (Mlonog. Aquif. 2: 281). 1908. An evergreen tree up to 8 m. high with cinereous branchlets, coriaceous opaque bluish-olivaceous oblong entire leaves acuminate at :he apex, fasciculate inflorescences. 3-flowered cymose staminate branches, 4-6- merous flowers, long rostellate rudimentary ovaries, small globose fruits, and 6 reticulately striate pyrenes. Branchlets subterete, third year's growth 3-4 mm. in diameter, the lenticels orbicular, sometimes very conspicuous, the leaf-scars small, 19501 IVOr. XX\I semi-orbicular; second year's growth 2-3 mm. in diameter, puberulous; lenticels sometimes present, inconspicuous; current year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, thickly puberulous, longitudinally striate-suilate; terminal buds conic, acute, puberulous, the scales loose. Leaves found also on second year's growth. 5-15 mm. apart; stipules scale-like, narrowly del- toid. 1.25 mm. long, acute, puberulous; petioles 5-S mm. long, about one-twelfth the length of the lamina, puberulous, narrowly canaliculate abeove: lamina thinly coriaceous, bluish olivaceous, opaque on Ioth sur- faces or slightly shiny above, sparsely and minutely puberulous at the base and on the lower surfaces, oblong or oblong-elliptic, (5 -) 7-10( 13) cm. long, 2.5 4 cm. wide: base obtuse, rarely narrowly so: apex acuminate, the acumen 5-20 mm. long: midrib narrowly and deeply impressed and puberulous above, elevated and puberulous beneath, the lateral nerves 10 14 on each side, obscure or sometimes evident on both surfaces, the reticulations of the veinlets obscure. Intlorescences fasciculate with active or abortive terminal buds, puberulous: bracts lanceolate. 1-2 mm. long, lpuberulous. Staminate in!lorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 3-liowered, cymose, the peduncles and pedicels 3--4 mm. long: tlowers 4-5-merous; calyx cyathiform. puberulous, 2 2.5 mm. across, 4-6-lobed, the lobes deltoid, acute, sometimes sparsely ciliate: corolla rotate. 6 mm. across, the petals oblong, eciliate, one-tenth connate at the base: stamens 4, equaling or slightly longer than the petal.s the anthers ovate-oblong; stainode s lightly shorter than he et the etlsthe sterile anthers corlate, slightly puberulous, the filament glabrous: rudimentary ovary ovoid, 1 mm. in diameter, the apex rostellate. the beak 0.5 mm. long. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles unillorous: pedlicels 5 6 mm. long, with 2 scale-like basal prophylla; flowers 6-9-merous; calyx 3-4 mm. wide: corolla rotate, 6 mm. across, the petals 6 9; staminodes slightly shorter than the petals, the sterile anthers cordate, slightly puberulous, the filament glabrous: ovary globose. 2 mm. in diameter, the style evident, 0.5 mm. long, the stigma very conspicuous, columnar- capitate, I mm. in diameter. Fruit globose, 4 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx subexplanate. 3 mm. across, the persistent style 1 mm. long. the stigma mammiform. Pyrenes 6. oblong in outline, the ends obtuse, 3 nm. long, 1-1.5 mm. wide, reticulately striate, the endocarp smooth. coriaceous. l11NA. : K w ;i g s i : Shuen-y uen, T7. S. 7's ooung ( Z.. C('ISn(/) ,1,5'1 ( A ), $1536 (.A). Y un an : without precise lhicality, t(. I'orrest 2o6 l ( .: A lcngtzc, ..1. iHenry 10171 (A, 'S) ;: Szcmnan, .1. lctnrv 12595 (A. NY, iso'r 'e' of 1/c.r ialabarica var. sinia'}. 12595.1 (A. US). I:e-hai, C. 11. ll'an 7 7365) (\),. 73660 ( A), 71201 ( A). The descriptions of the staminate and pistillate flowers are drawn respec- tively from Tsoong 8'152) and Forrst 26(044. Ilex sinica was first recorded from Szemao in southeastern Vunnan. Recently collected material from southwestern Yunnan and Kwangsi matches A. IHenry's specimens well. In subtropical southwestern C'hina flex sinica grows as a tree in mixed forests at an altitude of 1500 In. Its .t01 RN \L OF THE AlKNOLI) .\Rt()HOETI Ml HU, TIHE GENIS ILEX IN CHINA, IV white flowers appear in May. The fruit turns red in November. Ilex sinica was first published as a variety of Ilex malabarica Bedd. I have studied a fragment of Beddome's type and another pistillate specimen from Bombay. These Indian plants do not have styliferous ovaries. Their sterile anthers are glabrous and their leaves have 7 or 8 lateral nerves which are evident on the lower surfaces. In these characters they differ from the geographically remote plant of China and justify treating the latter as a distinct species. Ilex sinica is closely related to Ilex memncylifolia Champ. ex Benth., but it differs from the latter in having larger leaves (average 7-10 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide), smaller fruits (ca. 4 mm. in diameter) and 6 small pyrenes (ca. 3 mm. long). The leaves of Ilex memecylifolia are 4-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, its fruits 6 mm. in diameter, and its 5 pyrenes 5 mm long. 93. Ilex tuthleri Merr. in Philipp. Jour. Sci. Bot. 13: 143. 1918. A large glabrous evergreen shrub up to 4 m. high with very thick- coriaceous obovate punctate leaves, rounded and retuse or rarely obtuse apex, completely obsolete lateral nerves, fasciculate inflorescences, long fruiting pedicels (10 mm. long), globose fruit with mammiform sl:igma and 5 or 6 striate pyrenes. Branchlets glabrous, terete, brunneous or castaneous; third year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, smooth, the lenticels lacking, the leaf-scars deltoid, elevated: second year's growth slightly thinner, ridged; current year's growth 1.8 -2 mm. in diameter, angular, the terminal buds ovoid, with loose glabrous scales. Leaves occurring even on the third year's growth. 3-7 mm. apart; stipules deltoid, acuminate, 1 mm. long, persistent; petioles 4-8 mm. long, about one-sixth as long as the lamina, glabrous and rugose, deeply canaliculate above, narrowly winged on the distal half; lamina thick-coriaceous, olivaceous, shiny above, opaque and punctate beneath, obcordate, obovate or rarely obovate-elliptic, 3-6 cm. long, 1.3-2.5 cm. wide; base acute or cuneate; apex rounded and retuse or rare'y obtuse; margin entire, recurved; midrib deeply impressed and very minutely and sparsely puberulous above, prominently elevated and glabrous beneath, the lateral nerves indistinct on both surfaces. Inflorescences fasciculate, axillary, on second and third years' growth; bracts callose, tricuspidate, minutely puberulous; flowers 4-6(-7)-merous. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 3-flowered, cymose, peduncles 2-3 mm. long, sparsely and minutely puberulous, the pedicels 3-4 mm. long, puberulous, with 0-2 broadly deltoid puberulous basal prophylla; calyx patelliform, rugose or minutely puberulous, 3 mm. across, shallowly 5-7- lobed, the lobes rounded, eciliate or very rarely sparsely ciliate; corolla rotate, 7 mm. across, the petals 4 or 5, oblong, 2.5 mm. long, eciliate, one- tenth connate at the base; stamens nearly as long as the petals, glabrous, the anthers oblong-ovoid; rudimentary ovary globose, papillose, the middle distinctly 4- or 5-lobed. Pistillate flowers not seen. Infructescence: indi- vidual branches of the fascicles uniflorous; pedicels 8-10 mm. long, puberu- lous, with 1 or 2 sub-basal prophylla. Fruit globose, 5 mm. in diameter, 19501 JOtURNAL OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETI M the persistent calyx explanate, 4 mm. across, rounded in outline, the stigma mammiform. Pyrenes 5 or 6 (7 according to Merrill), broad-elliptic in outline, 2-3 mm. long, 1-1.25 mm. wide, smooth, with 2 or 3 elevated striae on the back, the endocarp coriaceous. (lINA: Kwvangtung: \Vung-vuen, S. K. Lan , 05 (A. XNY), 2569 (A): L -olifau-shan, C. 0. L.e'itc ( 'it' 557) .\A): 1. I Mierrill 10.77 (A, TYPE) Tseng--shing, I. I'. 7'. Tsan 2.316A ( A, NY ) Iliiung-moan, 11. . T7. san 20160 (:, NY, US); Ti'unig-v 11a, i 7. TTsang 25105 (A); Ilo-yuen, Ill. T. T'san 2/772 (A) ; Sin-fun, . 11 . Iaant 656 ( A), 669 (). 840 ( A). I have seen no material of Ilex tutcheri from outside of Kwangtung province. The plant is localized in eastern parts of the province between Long. 113-115 degrees E. and Lat. 23-25 degrees N. It grows in thickets or woods and produces white ilowers in May. The fruit becomes red in November. The long-fruiting pedicels and the thick-coriaceous leaves of Ilex tutcheri indicate a close relationship with Ilex nmcmieclifolia Champ. ex Benth. The latter, however, differs in having shortly acuminate leaves, reticulately striate pyrenes, and elpunctate lower leaf-surfaces. Ilex tutcheri, in having thick-coriaceous punctate retuse leaves and small striate esulcate pyrenes, shows relationship also with Ilex cIhampionii Loes., a species which differs in having very short (2-3 mm.) fruiting lpedicels. According to Merrill, the ovary of Ilex tutchcri is 6- or 7-celled. Speci- mens I have seen, however, have 5- or 6-celled ovaries. 94. Ilex salicina Hand.-Mzt. in Sinensia 3(8): 187. 1933. An evergreen shrub with glabrescent branchlets, linear-lanceolate punc- tate leaves, fasciculate inflorescences, styliferous ovary, globose fruits and 6 striate pyrenes. branchlets very minutely and sparsely lpulerulent. glabrescent, cas- taneous; third year's growth 2.5-3 mm. in diameter. longitudinally striate- rugose, the lenticels numerous, conspicuous, the leaf-scars semi-orbicular. elevated; second year's growth 2.5 mm. in diameter, the lenticels numer- ous; current year's growth 1.75 mm. in diameter, sulcate, very sparsely and minutely puberulent, the terminal buds conic, with loose puberulent scales. Leaves occurring also on the second year's growth, crowded, usu- ally 2-3 mnm. (rarely up to 20 mm.) apart; stipules minute, callose, very shortly and broadly deltoid: petioles 6-10 mm. long, about one-tenth the length of the lamina, glabrous, deeply canaliculate above, rugose be- neath; lamina coriaceous, linear-lanceolate, 4.5-11 cm. long, 9-23 mm. wide, brunneous-olivaceous, shiny above, opaque and punctate beneath; base cuneate; apex acuminate, the very tip obtuse: margin entire, re- curved; midrib impressed and glabrous above, elevated beneath, the lateral nerves 9 12 on each side, indistinct above, evident beneath, near the mar- gin reticulate, the reticulation of the veinlets obscure above, evident be- neath. Intlorescences pseudo-fasciculate, axillary on second year's growth, often with abortive terminal buds, rarely with active ones, the central axis up to 6 mm. long, puberulent; the bracts ovate, acute, puberulent, [VOL. XXXI HIU, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV eciliate; flowers 4-6-merous. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 1-4-flowered cymose; peduncles 8-10 mm. long, puberulent, the pedicels 2-3 mm. long, with 0-2 basal prophylla; calyx cyathiform, 3 mm. across, puberulent, shallowly 6-lobed, the lobes rounded, ciliate; corolla rotate, ca. 7 mm. across, the petals oblong, 3 mm. long, eciliate, one-tenth connate at the base; stamens equaling the petals in length, the anthers ovoid; rudimentary ovary globose-ovoid, minute, 0.75 mm. long, the apical end obtuse, inconspicuously 4-6-lobed. Pistillate in- florescences: individual branches of the fascicles uniflorous, rarely 2- or 3-flowered cymose; pedicels 1-2 cm. long, puberulous and ciliate; corolla choripetalous, the petals oblong, 3 mm. long; staminodes one-third the length of the petals, the sterile anthers sagittate; ovary globose-ovoid, 2 mm. in diameter, the style 1 mm. long, the stigma columnar, pubescent. Fruit globose, 6 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx subexplanate, 5 mm. across, the lobes rounded, ciliate, the style evident, 1 mm. long, the stigma columnar-mammiform. I'yrenes 4-6, elliptic in outline, the ends pointed, 4-5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, longitudinally 3- or 4-ridged but esulcate on the dorsal surface, smooth or with a single ridge on the side, the ridge removable, the endocarp coriaceous. CH1INA: K w ang tu ng : Ftang-ch'cng (Na-leung), II. 7T. Tsan 26501 (A) ; Kung-p'ing-shan, 11. 'T. 7'sany 26678 (A). K w an g i : south of Nan-ning, Sic-fong-dar-shan, R.. (. Chinlg S338 (NY, isoTYrI-) : Shang- tze, Shap-nian-taai-shan, If. T. Tsany 21956 (A), 22035 (A) ; H. '. Liang 696441 (A ). INI)O-CIIlNA: Tonkin : Pac-si, ll'. T. Tsang 26907 (A); Hacoi, II'. T. Tsang 29045 (A) ; Dam-ha, 11'. T. Tsang 29930 (_A). Ilex salicina is endemic to the tropical forests along the Kwangtung- Kwangsi-Indo-China border. It is a common shrub in thickets or in swampy places. The fragrant white flowers appear in April. The mature fruit is red. In its low shrubby habit, its fasciculate inflorescences, its long-peduncu- late individual branches of the staminate flowers, its styliferous ovary, its columnar and pubescent stigmata, and striate-esulcate coriaceous endo- carp, Ilex salicina reveals its very close relationship with Ilex mnetabaptista Loes. The latter differs only in being pilose all over and in having epunc- tate leaves. Ilex salicina is perhaps no more than varietally distinct. The descriptions of the staminate and pistillate flowers are drawn respectively from Tsang 22035 and 29045. 95. Ilex dolichopoda Merr. & Chun in Sunyats. 5: 107. 194C. An evergreen tree up to 7 m. high, with stout minutely puberulent branchlets, large (20 cm. long) entire leaves, fasciculate infructescences, very long (2.5-3 cm.) pedicels, globose fruits with mammiform stigma, and 5 or 6 striate pyrenes. Branchlets cinereous; third year's growth 6 mm. in diameter, longi- tudinally minutely rimulose, the lenticels minute, inconspicuous, the leaf- scars oblong, suborbicular, 4.5 mm. in diameter, slightly elevated: second 1950] JOI RNAL\ OF THE ARNOLD ARBOIETI1 M year's growth 5 mm. in diameter: current year's growth 4-5 mm. in diameter, subterete: the terminal buds pulvinateina. nutely puberulent. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth. 15 25 mm. apart; stipules callose, broadly and shortly deltoid, acute: petioles terete, stout, 4 mm. in diameter, 8-10 mm. long, albout one-twentieth the length of the lamina. very narrowly canaliculate above, otherwise rugose; lamina coriaceous. griseous-olivaceous, slightly shiny above, opaque beneath; oblong or olovate-oblong, the lower half almost cuneate, 18-25 cm. long. 6 7 cm. wide: hase rounded: Iapex deltoid-acute: margin entire, when dry slightly recurved: midrib narrowly impressed. glabrous above, thickly elevated beneath, the lateral nerves 12 15 on each side, obscure above, prominent a:il elevated beneath, the reticulation of the veinlets obscure above. promi- nent beneath. Infructescences fasciculate, axillary on second year's growth, the fascicles i( 16-flowered. the individual branches unitlhoered, the bracts broadly deloid. acute: pedicels 2S-32 mm. Ion, puberulent: prophylla 1 or 2. unevenly inserted. -4 S mm. above the base of the ped'icel; persistent calyx explanate, luberulent. 7 mmn. in diameter, broadly 6-lobed, the lobes sem;irbicula r reniform, 1.5 mm. mn. g,3 mm. wide at the base. very minutely ciliate or eciliate. Fruit (young) subglobose. 8 mm. in diameter. when dry smooth, shiny , brown punctate with yellow spolts, the stigma columnar-manmmiform. I' renes 5 or 6, elliptic in out- line. 5 m:. long. 1-2 mm. wide. 3-striate on the dorsal surface, reticulately striate on the side. the mature endocarp not seen. ('111N .A : lla inan : I',-ting,. /'. (C. //,,, 2'7955 ( A. Tv i l . I/cr dolichopoda appears to be endemic to Hainan Island. It grows as a tree in forested ravines at an altitude of (600 m. Its flowers probably appear in iMay, since its fruits are still very young in middle June. The fasciculate infructescences, the long fruiting pedicels, and the promi- nent stigma on the fruit of I/I'x dolichopoda, all point to a very close relationship with I/hx cichinhicnensis (Lour.) Loes. The latter has only proportionally longer lpeioles (about one-eighth as long as the lamina) and smaller leaves. The two may not be distinct. 90. Ilex kohu-kianai sp. nov. Frutex vel arbor parva. glaberrima: foliis coriaceis. integerrimis. subtus punctatis. oblongis, ranr ellipticis. 4.5-- cm. longis. 1.5 4 cm. latis, basi rotundatis vel obtusis. raro cunealis: apice breviter acuminatis. acimini- bus 5-7 nun. longis, ret usis vel obtusis. costa supra plana, subtus elevata, nervis lateralii)us supra ol scuris, subtuis prominentibus; inllorescentiis fasciculatis, 3-flris. pedunculis 1.5 3 mm. longis. pedicellis 2 mm. longis. 9 1-loris. p,'dicellis 5-S mm. longis: floribus 5 S-meris; calvcibus 3.5 4 mmi. diamnetro, 6-lolbis, ciliatis: corolla rotata: staminiblus cum petalis aequilongis: fructibus glolboso-ovoideis, 4 mm. diametro, stigmate uml)ilicato: pyrenis . 4 . long is, striatis, esulcatis. endocarpio coriaceo. An evergreen shrub or small tree up to 20 m. high with glabrous branchlets. large ovate or oblong-elliptic entire punctate leaves, abruptly I VOL. XXXI HI. THE (ENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV and shortly acuminate apices, fasciculate inflorescences, pulerulent short pedicels. 6-8-merous flowers, retuse staminodes, globose drupes with large navel-like stigmas, and 6 striate-esulcate pyrenes. Branchlets subterete. glabrous, castaneous when dry; third year s growth 4 mm. in diameter, longitudinally rimulose, rugose with numerous con- spicuous lenticels, the leaf-scars very narrowly crescent-shaped, plane; second year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, the lenticels numerous and con- spicuous: current year's growth angular, 2.5 mm. in diameter, glabrous, the terminal buds broadly oval, puberulous, unfolding after anthesis. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth. 5-20 mm. apart, stipules callose, deltoid, acute: petioles 9-12 mm. long, about one-eighth the length of the lamina. glabrous. deeply canaliculate above, rugose beneath: lamina thickly coriaceous, brunneous. shiny above, opaque and punctate beneath, broad-elliptic or oblong. 4.5-9 cm. long. 1.5-4 cm. wide: base rounded or obtuse, very rarely cuneate; apex abruptly and shortly acumi- nate, the acumen 5-7 mm. long, the point obtuse or retuse: margin entire; midrib plane or slightly elevated above. prominent and elevated beneath. the lateral nerves 9 or 10 on each side. obscure above, prominent beneath. anastomosing near the margin, the reticulations of the veinlets evident beneath. Inftorescences fasciculate, axillary, on second year's growth, with abortive terminal buds, the bracts callose, tricuspidate, minutely puberu- lous. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 3-flow- ered, cymose: peduncles 1.5-3 mm. long, the pedicels 2 ram. long, glabrescent, with 2 basal prophylla; pistillate fascicles uniflorous, the pedi- cels 5-8 mm. long, puberulous, the prophylla 2, submedian: flowers 5- or 6-merous; calyx patelliform, 3.5 mm. across, rugose, shallowly 6-lobed, the lobes rounded, ciliate: corolla rotate, 6-7 mm. across, :he petals obovate-oblong, 3 mm. long, one-fifth connate at the base; stamens equal- ing the petals in length, the anthers oblong: rudimentary ovary pulvinate, the apex obtuse. Pistillate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles uniflorous: pedicels 5-8 mm. long, puberulous. with 2 su;)median prophylla: flowers 5-8-merous, calyx 4 mm. across, 6-lobed, the lobes rounded, ciliate: corolla rotate, 7 mm. across, the petals 6 8, ovate- oblong, 3 mm. long, one-fifth connate at the base; the staminodes three- fourths the length of the petals, the sterile anthers sagittate, with a retuse apex; ovary broadly ovoid, the apex obtuse with navel-like stigana. Fruit globose-ovoid, 4 mmn. in diameter, the persistent calyx 4 mm. across, orbicular in outline, the lobes ciliate. Pyrenes 6, elliptic in outline, the ends pointed, 4 mm. long, 1.8-2 mm. wide, longitudinally striate and esulcate, the endocarp coriaceous. 'HIN .A: K w alln tu : Ta -pu, I . . T7.san 21115 (n'.m :."or pi>til- la- flower an(l fruits, A; K, LU, NY ). Hai n an n : faBk-.a S. K. J.In 2.6603 (A, 26619 (A) I.ok-tung, S. K. LMau 27250 (A), 2725 (A). INI)O-C1IINA: A. C('c'aclir -11250 (NY). Ilex kobuskiana is a native of eastern Kwangtung and Hainan. It forms a shrub or small tree in woods or thickets and flowers in May. The fruit has been reported to be red. 19501 JOt NAL OF TIlE IAR\NOLD ARIOiRETIT M The coriaceous entire leaves, the fasciculate inflorescences, and the striate esulcate pyrenes of Ilex kobuskiana suggest a close relationship with Ilex wilsonii Loes. The latter differs in having epunctate smaller leaves, 4-merous flowers, glabrous pedicels, and thickly discoid stigma. The punctate entire leaves of Ilex kobuskiana are similar to those of Ilex cochinchinensis (Lour.) Loes. The latter species, however, has the fruit- ing pedicels exceeding the pedicels and the stigma is columnar. The staminate flower has been described from Lan 26619. This species is named in honor of I)r. ('. E. Kobuski, Curator of the Herbarium of the Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University. 97. Ilex retusifolia, sp. nov. lFrutex pubescens: foliis coriaceis, ellipticis. 5-7 cm. longis, 2-3 cm. latis, subtus punctatis, basi obtusis, apice breviter acuminatis et retusis, integerrimis; costa supra et subtus elevata pubescenteque; nervis laterali- bus utrinque 7-9 obscuris; inflorescentiis fasciculatis, unifloris; pedicellis 4-5 mm. longis, puberulentibus: floribus 4- vel raro 5-meris; calycibus 2.5 mm. diametro, puberulentibus, ciliatis: corolla 5 mm. diametro, chori- petala; petalis ovatis, 2.5 mm. longis, eciliatis: staminodiis quam petalis 5i brevioribus; ovario ovoideo-globoso. I mm. diametro, stigmate dis- coideo. An evergreen shrub with puberulent branchlets, petioles, and midribs. broad elliptic entire leaves, retuse apices, fasciculate inflorescences, and glabrous staminodes. Branchlets terete, castaneous when dry. puberulent: third year's growth 3 mm. in diameter, the older portion with small elliptic lenticels; second year's growth 2 mm. in diameter, longitudinally plicate, rugose, the lenti- cels lacking; current year's growth 1.5 mm. in diameter, longitudinally ridged and sulcate, the terminal buds ovoid-conic, puberulent. Leaves occurring even on the fourth year's growth. 5-15 mm. apart: stipules deltoid, acute, persistent; petioles 8-12 mm. long, one-seventh to one- fourth as long as the lamina, puberulent, broadly and shallowly canalicu- late above; lamina coriaceous, olivaceous-brunneous, opaque on both surfaces, punctate beneath, broad-elliptic, 5-7 cm. long, 2 3 cm. wide; base obtuse; apex very shortly produced and retuse: margin entire: mid- rib elevated and pubescent on both surfaces, the lateral nerves in 7-9 pairs, obscure on both surfaces, the reticulation of the veinlets obsolete. Pistillate inflorescences fasciculate, axillary on second year's growth, the individual branches unillorous, the bracts broadly deltoid, tricuspidate, puberulent; pedicels 4-5 mm. long. puberulent, with 2 deltoid lpuberulent sub-basal prophylla: flowers 4- or rarely 5-merous; calyx patelliform. 2.5 mm. across, puberulent, deeply 4-lobed, the lobes obtuse, retuse, or rounded, ciliate; corolla rotate, 5 mm. across, choripetalous, the petals ovate, 2.5 mm. long, eciliate; staminode one-half the length of the petals, the sterile anthers ovate-cordate, glabrous; ovary ovoid-subglobose, 1 mm. in diameter, the style evident, very short, the stigma discoid, convex. Staminate flowers and fruits not seen. IVOL.. XXXI HI, THE GENUS ILEX IN CHINA, IV ('IIINA: Kwanxv gsi : Shing-an-hsicn, T. S. Tsoong (- Z. S. Chung) 51S819 (TYlE, A). I/lx retusifolia is a shrub endemic to the tropical forests of southwestern Kwangsi. Its yellowish flowers appear in June. The broadly elliptic leaves, the elevated midrib, and the 4-merous flowers of Ilex retusifolia closely relate this species to Ilex wilsonii Loes., but the latter has epunctate glabrous leaves with caudate apices. 98. Ilex cochinchinensis (Lour.) Loes. in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes. Leop.- Carol. Nat. Cur. 78: 230 (Monog. Aquif. 1: 230). 1901; Pitard in Lecomte, Fl. Gen. Indo-(hine 1: 853. 1912; Merr. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. New Ser. 24(2): 245 (Lour. Fl. Cochinch. 245). 1935. Ilcxadica c ochinl chincensis Lour. Fll.C(ochinch. 562. 1790; 687. 1793. I//c.l rdisioidcs Locs. op. cit. 359. 1901: iHaata in Jour. Coll. Sci. Tokyo 30: 53. 1911: Yamamoto. Suppl. Ic. PI. Form. 1: 30, fig. 10. 1925; Kanehira, Florm. Tree, 369. 1036; Ilu & Tang in Bull. Fan. AMem. Inst. Biol, RIot. S er. 9: 254. 1940. .S'n. no7'. Ilx. clcyeroides IIayata, Ic. 11. ornm. 3: 53. 1)13. Svn. nar. Ilex oiiyadcinia lerr. & (Chun in Sunvatt. 5: 108, p1. 14. 1940. SiV. Wno'. An evergreen tree up to 9 m. high with large elliptic or oblong-elliptic entire punctate leaves, fasciculate inflorescences, globose fruits, columnar- mammiform stigma and 4 or 5 pyrenes. Branchlets subterete, brunneous or castaneous, longitudinally plicate- rugose: third year's growth 4 mm. in diameter, the lenticels minute, the leaf-scars suborbicular, slightly elevated: second year's growth 2.5-3 mm. in diameter, the lenticels minute, inconspicuous; current year's growth angular, minutely and sparsely puberulent below the terminal bud and in the grooves, otherwise glabrous, the lenticels often evident, the terminal buds subglobose, very minutely puberulous. Leaves occurring also on second year's growth, 3-5 mm. apart; the stipules broadly deltoid, callose, often obscure; petioles 7-10 mm. long, one-sixteenth to one-twelfth as long as the lamina, glabrous, shallowly and broadly canaliculate above, transversely plicate-rugose beneath; lamina thin-coriaceous, olivaceous or brunneous-olivaceous, opaque on both surfaces, punctate beneath, elliptic or oblong-elliptic. 9-16 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide: base obtuse or cuneate; apex acuminate, the acumen 3-10 mm. long, the very tip acute or obtuse: margin entire; midrib narrowly impressed above, prominently elevated beneath, both glabrous. the lateral nerves in ca. 8 pairs, obscure above, prominent underneath, reticulate near the margin, the reticulation of the veinlets evident only beneath. Inflorescences fasciculate, axillarv on sec- ond year's growth; flowers 4- or rarely the calyx 5-merous. Staminate inflorescences: individual branches of the fascicles 3-flowered, the bracts very shortly and broadly deltoid, acute, thick-coriaceous; peduncles 4- 6 mm. long, the pedicels 1-2 mm. long. glabrescent or minutely puberulent: calyx patelliform, glabrescent. deeply 4-, rarely 5-lobed, the lobes rounded. ciliate: corolla rotate. the petals ovate, eciliate, one-fourth connate at the base; stamens shorter than the petals, the anthers oblong-ovoid. 0.8 mm. 19501 J0t RNAL OF THE AltNOLD ARBOIiETLl . long; rudimentary ovary pulvinate, shortly rostellate. Pistillate flowers not seen. Infructescences: individual branches of the fascicles unitlorous: pedicels 8-9 (-15) mm. long, puberulous, with 0-2 basal prophylla. Fruits globose, 5--6 mm. in diameter, the persistent calyx subcyathiform, 5 mm. across, pubescent, shallowly 4-lobed, the lobes rounded, ciliate, the stigma columnar-mammiform, with thick exocarp. Pyrenes 4 or 5. oblong- trigonous in outline, 6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide on the back. smooth, the endocarp coriaceous. ('llINA: Taiw an : South Cape. .I. .Henry 1311 (isoTvir. of /l.er ardlisi idcs. A). Hainan : PIo-tin;, '. C. howz 72196 (TYPE of Ilex olijadcnia, :\) ; Kan-en, NS. K. L.an .fI() < ) : without precis' locality, 11. 1'. l.iaan 61712 (A, NY). I N )(O-(C I .\: Ton kin : ion ?I' ? )k ( frat minrt. .\) : I.co rcir (iphoto of Trv'E: of 1c.xadica cochinchincn.sis, A\) : Sai-wan, l-no -shan, t11 . TI san~ 121' (A). Ilex cochinchincnsis was first described as IIrxadica cochinchinensis 1by Loureiro (1790) from his own material collected in Indo-('hina. A com- parison of a photograph of this type with the Taiwan and Hainan material shows them to be conspecific. In China it grows as a tree in the trolical and subtropical forests. The flowers may appear in late February and last until April. The fruits of Loureiro's specimen are too young for a study of the pyrenes. These structures were first described when Loesener gave his account of the synonymous Ilex ardisioide.s. (oncerning the pyrenes he wrote, "dorso convexo medio longitudinaliter 1-striate a costa media striis minoribus paucis utrinque ascendentibus, ceterum esulcatis." This needs correction. The reticulate vascular bundles on the pyrene of .1. Henry 1311 fall off so readily that the pyrenes appear to be naturally smooth. In its punctate lower leaf-surfaces, its fasciculate intlorescences, and its prominent stigmata, lex cochinchinensis is closely related to l/ex salicina IHand.-Mzt., but differs in its broader leaves. In its long-pedicellate fruit. iprominent stigma, and prominent venation of the leaves. flex cochinthin'en- sis also resembles Ilex dolichopoda Merr. & ('hun. but the latter has extraordinarily large leaves (18 25 cm. long. 6 7 cm. wide) with a rounded base, and very long fruiting pedicels (3 cm. long). It is also a very poorly known species. Until more collections become available for study, it seems best to accept it as distinct, at least provisionally. Ilex cochinchincnsis was once erroneously recorded from Iainan. That report was based on IF. T. Tsang 697 (LU 1744-I), which turned out to be an Eihrctia. (To be conclude(d) S\()L. XXXI