ERNST, CAPPARACEAE & MORINGACEAE THE GENERA OF CAPPARACEAE AND MORINGACEAE IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES 1 WIALLACE R. ERNSTCAPPARACEAE A. L. de Jussieu, Gen. P1. 242. 1789, "Capparides," nom. cons. (CAPER FAMILY) Annual herbs or shrubs to trees, often with strongly scented or gluti-nous herbage. Leaves alternate [sometimes � lacking], simple or pal-mately compound, usually petiolate; stipules absent (or inconspicuous)or thornlike. Hairs 1 to many celled, simple or branched, sometimespeltate, thornlike or glandular. Inflorescences few to many flowered, usuallybracteate, terminal and racemose, or flowers solitary and axillary. Flowers� irregular, hypogynous, with open or closed aestivation, bisexual (orpolygamous) [to unisexual, the plants dioecious]; perianth usually 4-merous [sometimes tubular or � perigynous basally, or very rarely un-differentiated]. Sepals usually 4 [rarely 3-81, l(or � 2)-seriate, � freeor calyx lobed [or synsepalous]. Petals usually 4, free, and alternisepalous[rarely 2, � sympetalous, or apetalous]. Receptacle usually glandularand often prolonged into an androgynophore. Stamens few [4 and alter-nipetalous] to many [sometimes sterile]; filaments filiform [or clavate];anthers � basifixed Ito versatile , introrse, 2-locular at anthesis, dehiscentlongitudinally; pollen usually 3-colporate and � prolate. Gynoeciumsyncarpous, 2 [-8]-carpellate, usually on a gynophore; stigma � capitate;style obsolete to long-filiform; ovary 1-(2-) [or more]-locular with 2 [ormore parietal [or rarely central] placentae; ovules few [1] to many,campylotropous, 2-integumented [sometimes with an inner layer oftracheary elements]. Fruits siliquiform [to siliculiform], dehiscent by 2valves to indehiscent [sometimes � baccate or inflated]. Seeds usuallymany [or 1 , folded or � coiled, sometimes � arillate; endosperm scanty;embryo curved [to variously convoluted]. (Capparidaceae of authors.)TYPE GENUS: Capparis L. 'Prepared for a generic flora of the southeastern United States, a joint projectof the Gray Herbarium and the Arnold Arboretum made possible through the supportof the National Science Foundation and of George R. Cooley and under the directionof Reed C. Rollins and Carroll E. Wood, Jr. This treatment follows the style estab-lished in the first paper of the series, Jour. Arnold Arb. 39: 296-346. 1958, and thatof similar papers appearing through Volume 43. The area covered is bounded by andincludes North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana. The descriptions applyprimarily to the plants of this area, with supplementary information in brackets.References not verified by the author are marked with an asterisk. In the presenta-tion of this synopsis, the author has benefited from the technical assistance and adviceof Dr. Caroline K. Allen, Dr. George K. Brizicky, Dr. Robert C. Foster, Dr. RichardA. Howard, Dr. Hugh H. Iltis, Dr. Lily M. Perry, Mrs. Lazella Schwarten, and Dr.Carroll E. Wood, Jr. Mrs. Gordon W. Dillon has helped materially in the preparationof the manuscript.1963]
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