704 PROF. A. DENDY AND MR. R. W. H. ROW ON 44. The Classification and Phylogeny of the Calcareous Sponges, with a Eeference List o£ all the described Species, systematically arranged. By Arthur Dendy, D.Sc, F.R.S., F.Z.S., Professor o£ Zoology in the University of London, and R. W. Harold Row, B.Sc, F.L.S., Assistant Lecturer and Demonstrator in Zoology at King's College. [Received May 30, 1913 : Read June 3, 1913.] (Text-figure 133.) " Le groupe ne se definira plus par la possession de certains cliaracteres, mais par sa tendance a les accentuer." — Bergson. Index. n rage Introduction 704 Principles OF Classification 709 Systematic Arrangement of the Calcaeea 715 Family 1. Homoccelidte, fam. nov 716 „ 2i. Ijeiicascklce 729 „ Z. Ijencalticl(s,i'a.. now 736 „ 4. MincJdnellidce, fa.m. nov 739 „ 5. Mur r a 1/oni dee, inva. nov 741 „ 6. SycettidcB 742 „ 7. Seteropiidcs 750 ,, 8. Graiitiides 757 ,, 9. AmpJioriscidcB 781 ,, 10. LelapiidcB, ia.n\. nov 784 Genera and Species " Incertaj Sedis" 786 List of rejected Generic Names ....,, 786 Phylogent of the Calcarea 797 Bibliography 805 INTRODUCTION. The first Calcareous sponges, '^ Spongia ciliata" and ^^ /Spongia compressa," were described in 1780 by Fabricius, but it was not until much later that the essential diffei'ences between tlie Calcareous and Non-calcareous Sponges were recognised. Fleming, in 1828, however, proposed the genus Grmitia for the former group, including in it all the forms whose skeleton consisted of calcium carbonate. (Risso's earlier genus, Sycon, and Gray's Scyj-)ha were diagnosed difterently.)
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