OCCASIONAL PAPERS of the MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY The Universit^^ ^i^WMoi. Lawrence, Kansa^lBRARY NUMBER 2 3, PAGES 1-40 FEB 1 1 fflTJ^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^'^^ SPECIATION IN FROGS C^J^J^^^^^ PARVICEPS GROUP IN THE UPPER MIAZON BASIN By William E. Duellman^ and Martha L. Crump-As our knowledge of tlie ampliibians in tlie upper Amazon Basin in South America increases, it becomes evident tliat tlie richness of the frog fauna is due to tlie occurrence there of representatives of many species groups and in some cases to the occurrence of several sympatric species l)c>longing to one group. The latter phenomenon is especially noticeable in the //(//« leucoplujUata and Ihjla parvi-ceps groups with five and three species, respectively. The present paper deals only with the latter group. The primary purposes of this paper are to present analyses and interpretations of the morphological features of adults and tad-poles, mating calls, breeding behavior, and ecological relationships of the three species at Santa Cecilia in Amazonian Ecuador. How-ever, as in most Amazonian frogs, some taxonomic problems must be dealt with before the biological problems can be discussed ef-fectively. Thus, we also present here a systematic review of the entire^ Ilyla parviceps group, as presently understood. Acknowledgments We are indebted to the following persons for the loan of speci-mens or for the provision of working space in their respective insti-tutions: Werner C. A. Bokermann, Alice G. C. Grandison, Konrad Klemmer, Jean Lescure, Alan E. Leviton, Hymen Marx, Charles W. Myers, Giinther Peters, the late James A. Peters, Douglas A. Ross-* Curator, Division of Herpetology, Museum of Natural History, The Uni-versity of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045. -Research Assistant, Di\'ision of Herpetology, Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045.
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