PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 105(2), 2003, pp. 452-459 BIOLOGY AND IMMATURE STAGES OF THE CRANE FLY PTILOGYNA iPLUSIOMYIA) HERRONI (ALEXANDER) (DIPTERA: TIPULIDAE) FROM NEW CALEDONIA. WITH DISCUSSION OF ITS PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT Chen W. Young and C. Dennis Hynes (CWY) Section of Invertebrate Zoology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, U.S.A. (e-mail: youngc@carnegiemuseums. org); (CDH) 4934 Peyton Street N. Keizer, OR 97303, U.S.A. Abstract. — The last instar larva and pupa of the crane fly Ptih)i>yna (Plusiomyia) her-roni (Alexander) (Diptera: Tipulidae: Tipulinae) are described and illustrated from spec-imens collected in New Caledonia. The microhabitat of the last larval instar and pupa is discussed. Comparisons are made with larvae and pupae of other Tipulinae. This repre-sents the first detailed description with illustrations for the larva and pupa of Ptilogyna Westwood. Pupal characters indicate a basal phylogenetic placement for this genus within the Tipulinae. Key Words: Diptera, Tipulidae, crane fly, Ptilogyna. larva, pupa. New Caledonia The crane fly genus Ptilogyna Westwood (Tipulidae: Tipulinae) comprises 30 species and subspecies placed in three subgenera. Both Ctenogyna Macquart and Ptilogyna Westwood are subgenera endemic to the Australasian and Oceanian regions (Ooster-broek and Jonas 1986). The third subgenus, Phisiomyia Skuse, apparently has a trans-Antarctic or trans-Pacific distribution with 18 species in Australia, 4 in New Caledonia (Oosterbroek 1989), and 1 in Brazil (Al-exander and Alexander 1970). Of the four Ptilogyna species recorded from New Ca-ledonia, the adult of P. herroni (Alexander) has the least wing coloration, and the male has the longest antennal flagellar branches (Alexander 1948: Fig. 7). Features of the immature stages are im-portant for inteipreting phylogenetic rela-tionships within Tipuloidea (Oosterbroek and Theowald 1991 ). Knowledge of the im-mature stages of tipulid genera is very in-complete and this is especially true for gen-era in the Southern Hemisphere. Lack of information on immatures for genera in the Southern Hemisphere has hindered their placement in phylogenetic classifications. Of 30 genera and subgenera of Tipulinae recorded from the Australasian and Ocean-ian Regions (Oosterbroek 1989), we know larvae for only ten (33%), and even those primarily are known from species occurring in the Nearctic Region (Alexander 1920. Rogers 1949, Byers 1961, Gelhaus 1986). The greatest number of genera and subgen-era with unknown larval and pupal stages occur in the Australasian and Neotropical Regions. Recent detailed descriptions of immature stages of Brachyprema Osten Sacken (Gelhaus and Young 1991), Lepto-tarsiis Guerin-Meneville (subgenera Linion-iodes Alexander. Pehlkea Enderlein, and Longiirio Loew) (Gelhaus and Young 1995). and Tipiila Linnaeus (subgenus Ti-pulodina Enderlein) (Young 1999) has con-tributed information of phylogenetic signif-
Biology and immature stages of the crane fly ptilogyna (Plusiomyia) Herroni (Alexander) (Diptera: Tipulidae) from New Caledonia, with discussion of its phylogenetic placement
BioStor
