CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 223 ON A COLLECTION OF CRANE-FLIES FROM BRITISH GUIANA (TIPULIDAE, DIPTERA)' BY CHARLES P. ALEXANDER Ithaca, Xew York The present paper is the result of the study of an extensive series of crane-flies collected in British Guiana by the well-known ento- mologist, Mr. H. S. Parish, during 1912 and 1913. The material at hand consists of some 1200 specimens representing fifty-five species of which twenty-four are herein considered as new. Unless stated otherwise the specimens were taken at light as explained under Mr. Parish's account of his trip. The habit of many of the species of ovipositing at twilight or during the night explains why so many of the individuals secured at the lights were females. The types and miiques are deposited in the collection of the author. Paratypes of several of the species have been placed in the collections of the United States National Museum, the Hungarian National Museum, the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia and the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Mr. Parish's Account of the Trip : I boarded my steamer at New York and after a journey lasting seventeen days I arrived at Georgetown, the capital of British Gui- ana, on November 28, 1912. On the second day after my arrival at Georgetown I caught the river boat that plies between there and Bartica, which latter place I reached after a pleasant trip of about 40 miles up the Essequibo River. Bartica is a pretty little village having a population of between 800 and 1000 including the Indians. The weather there is, on the whole, rather uncertain though one can generally depend on a little rain every day, excepting from September to November, during which months the rainfall is veiy slight. However, as I remarked above, one camiot place any dependance on the weather and it is well for the prospective col- lector to include in his impedimenta a good waterproof cape and an umbrella as a safeguard against fever and for his personal comfort. ■ Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of Cornell University. TRANS. AM. KNT. SOC, XL. (17) 224 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE This colony is thickly covered with forest, in the interior abound- ing in valuable hardwoods. The house at which I stopped while at Bartica was about 150 yards from the forest and formed an ideal location for one employed in my vocation. This house had two floors; the one on the second, facing the woods, was fitted with a gallery or balcony in which there were several windows. Darkness falls very quickly here, there being but little twilight, so that as soon as the sun set I would repair to the balcony I have described above and make preparations for the evening's work. The method I adopted was to hang a sheet under my oil-lamp that is provided with a reflector, thereby proving a great attraction for various insects. Then with net in hand and cyanide bottles within easy reach, I was ready for my evening's catch, that is to say as ready as is possible, for within an hour they were trooping in a good deal faster than I could handle them. Sometimes there would be as many as fifty or even one hundred craneflies flying against the ceiling, besides numerous moths, beetles, etc. It was truly a happy hunting ground for the enthusiastic collector and one, much to the disgust of my landlord, from which I could hardlj'' tear myself awa}^ My time for rising was six A. M. and from then on until eleven A. M. I would employ my time in drying, papering or pinning the specimens that I had captured on the previous day and night. From half past eleven until after five in the afternoon, I would go afield for specimens. My experience is, that for successful cranefly collecting, one should select damp, shady spots, most of the species being found in such places though some are found on hilly ground. I never saw the craneflies swarming as I have noticed them doing in Toronto, excepting at Mallali and then only three or four together. After leaving Bartica I went back to Georgetown and from there took a steamer to Wismar which is the highest point at which the Demerara River is navigable by that steamer. I remained over night at this place and then took a smaller steamer for Mallali that is about 175 miles from the starting point. On steaming up the Demerara River, I noticed that almost all of the tall trees were dead, caused by the terrible forest fires that raged througii the country a few years ago. These fires burned up everything, destroying all animal life for miles around and it is only now that the vegetation is springing up again. This was a great disappoint- CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 225 ment to me, as having visited this country before and having found a great variety of insect life, I had counted upon this to 1:)C so again. I had intended to push on further into the interior and I would liave done so only for my becoming ill, which put an end to all my plans. In the meantime and before I was taken ill I captured a few inter- esting specimens in places where the ground was beginning to show green, but the variety of species was lacking. Bartica. — Temperature in the sun, 110 to 120 degrees, in the shade, 80 to 84 degrees, during rain, 70 to 72 degrees. The ground is comparatively low, but a short distance back it rises into the hills. Mallali. — Temperature in the sun, 110 to 120 degrees, in the shade, 80 to 84 degrees, during rain, 68 to 70 degrees. The altitude is from 75 to 100 feet above sea-level. Family TIPULIDAE Subfamily Limnobjnae Tribe Limnobini Genus DICRANOMYIA Stephens 1829. Dicrannmyia Stephens, Cat. Brit. Ins., ii, 24.3. Dicranomyia eiseni Alexander 1912. Furcomijia eiseni Alexander, Canad. Entom.,xliv, 338, pi. 11, fig. s. Bartica, January 9, 3 males; February 5, 1 male, in swamps. Mallali, March 13, 1 female; March 19, 1 male. Dicranomyia apicata sp. n. iS.- long; wings infumed at the tip; pleura without stripes. Male, — length, 5-6.4 mm.; wing, 5.7-7 mm. Female, — length, 7.1; wing, 6.4-6.9 mm. Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae brownish black friiroughout, fla- gellar segments rounded oval, more elongated distally. Head blackish with a light silvery gray bloom. Mesonotal praescutum light brownish yellow with a very broad brown median stripe that is enlarged behind at the transverse suture; lobes of the scutum and the scutellum dark brown, remainder of these scleritos brownish yellow; postnotum lighter brown. Pleura light yellowish, not marked. Halteres moderately long, the base of the stem yellowish, the knob brown. Legs, coxae and trochanters yellow; base of the femora yellow soon passing into dark brown; tibiaeandtarsidarkbrown. Wings light brown, thcstigma oval, dark brown; tip of the wing suffused with a i)aler brown. Venation: TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 226 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE (see pi. Ill, f. l) Sc long extending far beyond the origin of the radial sector, Sc2 near its tip; Rs long, more than twice as long as the deflection of Ri+i,; basal deflection of Cui at or before the fork of M. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the ninth segment somewhat paler; sternites brown. Habitat.— Bartica, December 24, 1912 to April 14, 1913. Holotype, cf, Bartica, February 21, 1913. Allotype, 9 , topotypie, December 24, 1912. Paratypes, 4cf , 7 9, topotypie, December 31, 1912, to April 14, 1913. Easily separated from the other known species of the genus that have the long subcosta by its lack of distinct spottings on the wings, the stigmal blotch and a more or less distinct infuscation at the apex being the only marks on the wing-surface. Dicranomyia parish! sp. n. Sc short, S 2 retracted far from the tip of Sri, Rx long; wings hyaline or nearly so; halteres rather short. Male, — length, 5 mm. ; wing, 6.2 mm. Female, — length, 5-6.2 mm.; wing, 5.3-6.4 mm. Rostrum, palpi and head light brown, the latter with an indistinct grayish bloom when seen in certain lights. Mesonotal praescutum with a light golden bloom, the lateral margins narrowly brown, the sclerite with three dark brown stripes of which the median one is broadest, the short lateral stripes beginning back of the pseu- dosutural foveae and continuing on to the scutum where they suffuse the lobes; scutellum and postnotum light brown. Pleura pale, whitish, the mesosternum strongly suffused with brown. Halteres quite short, brown, the knob darker. Legs, coxae and trochanters brownish yellow; femora brown, paler at the extreme base; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings hyaline, veins brown, stigma indistinct. Venation: Si ending opposite the origin of i2s, Sc2 retracted far back from its tip as in the halterata group; Rs long, nearly twice as long as the deflection of Ri+t,. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites paler. Habitat. — Bartica, January 11, 1913 to February 27, 1913. Mallali, March 6, 1913 to March 31, 1913. Holotype, d', Mallali, March 15, 1913. Allotype, 9 , topotypie, March 6, 1913. Paratypes, 39, Bartica, January 11, February 27. One 9 , topotypie, March 31, 1913. The only described regional species that can be confused with this form is D. simiUima Alex. (Can. Ent., December 1912, 361, CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 227 pl. 11, fig. n; as Furcomijia), which has Sci ending before the origin of Rs, Rs short, not much longer than the deflection of i?4+5, long slender halteres, etc. Genus RHIPIDIA Meigen 1818. Rhipidia Meigen, System. Beschr., i, 153. Rhipidia domestica Osten Sacken 1859. Rhipidia domestica Osten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, 208. Bartica, six cf , eight 9 , November 27, 1912 to Februarys, 1913. Mallali, one cT, March 31, 1913. Rhipidia annulicornis Enderlein 1912. Rhipidia annulicornis Enderlein, Zool. Juhrb., xxxii, pt. 1, 80,81, Bartica, two d^, eight 9 December 30, 1912 to April 14, 1913. Mallali, acf and a 9 , March 13 to 15, 1913. Rhipidia conica sp. n. Antennae black with the thirteenth segment pale; mesonotal praescu- tum produced into a high conical, somewhat spinous, tubercle; legs pale, the tarsi tipped with darker; wings with the costal margin yellow, remain- der of the wing-membrane grayish with scattered brown markings. Female, — length, 7.5 mm.; wing, 7.6 mm. Rostrum and palpi dark brownish black. Antennae with the segments of the flagellum strongly serrated, the shafts of the segments short, antennae brownish black except segment thirteen which is abruptly yellow. Eyes almost contiguous on the vertex. A small median tubercle just behind the antennal bases. Head brown with golden yellow reflections in certain lights. Pronotum reddish brown. Mesonotal praescutum produced dorso- cephalad into a conspicuous conical spine; anterior half of the sclerite light reddish brown, dorsal posterior half, including the summit of the spine, rich dark brown except a pale median portion near the suture ; scutum, scutellum and postnotum brown. Pleura light brownish yellow without any conspic- uous markings. Halteres pale, the knob darker. Legs,— fore legs with the coxae and trochanters pale brownish yellow, femora yellowish brown passing into brown at the tip, tibiae and tarsi very pale yellow, excepting segments four and five and the posterior half of three of the tarsi which are dark brownish black; other legs similar but the middle femora are darker throughout and the posterior femora are lighter throughout and not darkened at the tip. Wings with the cephalic portion light cream yellow, the caudal portion including all of the cells behind M and much of the radial field grayish; dark marks on the wings as follows: a small brown blotch at the base of .1/; a large blotch at the origin of Rs and a nearly subequal blotch midway between these two last; a small rounded blotch at the end of 5r, ; darker suffusions at the fork of Rs, tip of Rj, end of TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 228 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE /?2+3, Cui, and 2nd A and along most of the veins and deflections of veins. Venation: see pi. Ill, fig. 2. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the valves of the ovipositor reddish yellow; sternites dull yellowish indistinctly marked with black; a greenish tinge at the base of the abdomen may, or may not, be natural. Habitat. — Bartica, February 17, 1913. Holotype, — 9 , Bartica, February 17, 1913. Rhipidia conica separates off from all the described forms, with the exception of punctipemiis Alexander, in the remarkable tubercle on the mesonotum ; to what extent this character is developed in the male sex is uncertain. In another paper (Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc, XXII, 117; 1914), I have erected the subgenus Conorhipidia to receive these two species, conica being the type of the sub- division. Genus GERANOMYIA Haliday 1S33. Geranomyia Haliday, Entomol. Magaz., i, 154. Geranomyia insignis Loew 1851. Aporosa inngnis Loew, Linnaea Entom., v, 395. Many specimens of both sexes; Bartica, November 26, 1912 to February 9, 1913, a few in the deep swamps but more attracted to lights in the evening; Mallali, March 18 to March 20, 1913. Geranomyia pulchella sp. n. Lobes of the scutum and posterior pleural sclerites black; wings clear on the costal third, gray at the tip and on the caudal two-thirds; four dark blotches on the costal margin; legs unhanded. Male, — length, excluding the rostrum, 5.5-5.8 mm. ; rostrum, 3-3.1 mm. ; wing, 6.5 — 6.6 mm. Female, — length, excluding the rostrum, 6.4-7 mm.; rostrum, 2.9-3.2 mm; wing, 6.7-7 mm. Rostrum and palpi dark brownish black, the former moderate in length, the latter two-segmented. Antennae dark brown throughout. Head black with a light gray bloom. Pronotum reddish brown. Mesonotal praescutum rich reddish brown, a yellowish blotch on the sides of the sclerite in the neighborhood of the pseudosutural foveae, behind which the whole side of the sclerite is covered by a large blackish blotch; an indistinct dark median vitta on the anterior part of the sclerite; scutum with the lobes black, median and caudal por- tions paler, yellowish brown; scutellum brown; postnotum dark brownish black. Pleura largely black, except the region around the wing-root, the propleurae, and the sternal sclerites which are brown. Halteres light yellow, the knob brown. Legs, coxae and trochanters brown, femora yellow- ish brown throughout, tibiae yellowish brown, the tarsi brown. Wings with the anterior third yellowish hyaline with four dark browii blotches, the CHARLES P. ALEX.A.NDEK 229 basal two very small, the third, at the stigma, and the fourth, at cross vein r, very large and conspicuous; caudal half of the wings strongly infumed with gray, the tip darker. Venation: (see pi. Ill, fig. 3) Sc ending slightly beyond the origin of Rs,Sc2 at its tip ; Ri long, slightly angulated at origin, about four times as long as the deflection of Ri+',; cell l.t Mn long and nar- row as in clnerehioln Alex. Abdomen with the basal tergites dark brown, apical tergites reddish brown wit h a narrow indistinct darker median line ; basal sternites yellowish, apical sternites brown, the hypopygium yellowish brown. In the male paratype, the end of Sc is just beyond the origin of Rs. Habitat. — Bartica, January 8, 1913, to February 14, 1913. Holotyp?, c/', Bartica, January 22, 1913, in deep swamp.s. Allotype, 9 , with the type. Paratypes, 5 9,1 cf , topotypic, January 8 to February 14. Geranoniyia tibialis Loew 1851. Aporosa tibialis Loew, LinnaeaEntom., v, 397. Eighteen specimens, from Bartica, January 4, 1913 to February 14, 1913, one taken in deep swamps, the others attracted to light at night. Geranomyia cinereinota Alexander 1913. Geranomyia cinereinota Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 407, pi. 14, fig. 4. Nearly two hundred specimens taken at Bartica from December 5, 1912 to April 14, 1913 ; Mallali, March 8 to 20, 1913. This form came in abundance to light and with Gonomyia pleuralis Williston is the most abundant form in the collection. Geranomyia virescens Loew 1851. Aporosa virescens Loew, Linnaea Entom., v, 398. One dark female that I refer to this species taken at Bartica on December 31, 1912. One typical male, Bartica, January 23, 1913. Geranomyia pallida Williston 1896. Gerawmyia pallida Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 284, pi. ix, fig. 53. Three females at Bartica, December 19, 1912 to January 30^ 1913, at light. One female from Bartica on February 5, 1913, in the swamps. Tribe Antuchini Genus RIIAMPHIDIA Mcigen 1830. Rhamphidia Meigen, System. Beschr., vi. 150. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 230 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Rhamphidia albitarsis Osten Sacken 1887. Rh mphidia albitarsis Osten Sacken, Berl. Ent. Zeitsch., xxxi, 184. 1896. Rhamphidia albitarsis Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 288, pi. 10, fig. 59. One typical specimen, ad', from Bartica, November 26, 1912, A second specimen, 9 , from the same place on February 8, 1913, is quite normal but the tarsi are not whitish, being of a very light brown, Rhamphidia uniformis sp. n. Wings with crossvein r-m present; veins Sc and Ri close together at their tips; inner end of cell 1st Mo about on a line with the base of Rs; tarsi light brown. Female. — Length, 5-5.3 mm.; wing, 4.4-4.6 mm. Rostrum rather long, slender, about as long as the head, dark brown, the palpi dark brownish black. Antennae short, very dark brown. Head ver}^ dark brown. Pronotum and cervical sclerites dark brown. Mesonotum rather light brown, shining, the postnotum much paler, yellowish brown, this color suffusing the pleuritcs except the more dorsal ones which are brown ;sternites pale like the ventral pleura, Halteres rather short, pale, the knob darker. Legs; coxae yellowish brown, the trochanters and femora dark brown, the latter a little paler at the base, tibiae dark brown, tarsi light brown, in some specimens quite pale. Wings almost hj-aline, the veins brown, a faint brownish tinge in the region of the stigma. Venation: (see pi. Ill, fig, 4) Sci and Ri rather approximated at their tips; crossvein r-m present and dis- tinct, situated far out toward the distal end of cell 1st M« and in this respect suggesting the condition that obtains in the Old World Conosia; cell Isl M« unusually long, its inner end about on a line with the origin of the radial sector. Abdomen dark brown, the genital segment elongate, the valves very slender, the upper pair acicular. Habitat. — Bartica, January 28, 1913 to February 8, 1913, Holotype, 9 , Bartica, February 1, 1913, Paratypes, 2 9 , topotypic, January 28, 1913; February 8, 1913, Rhamphidfa mirabilis sp. n. Pale reddish yellow, the wings banded with brown. Male. — Length, 5-5.6 mm.; wing, 5.1-5.3 mm. Female. — Length, 5.8-6 mm.; wing, 4.8-5.3 mm, Male: Rostrum elongate, much longer than the head, dark brown, the palpi brownish black. Antennae light brown, the verticils on flagellum long, black, conspicuous. Head blackish with a sparse gray bloom. Pronotum light yellow, Mesonotal praescutum reddish yellow without apparent stripes; scutum with the outer cephalic half of each lobe dark CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 231 brown, scutellum and postnotum reddish yellow. Pleura light yellow, un- marked. Halteres pale throughout. Legs, coxae and trochanters yellow, the femora, tibiae and tarsi light brown. Wings yellowish hj-aline with two broad dark brown bands, the first occupying the basal portion, the second the region of the cord and completely traversing the wing. Costa very strong, veins brown. Venation: see pi. Ill, fig. 5. Abdomen reddish yellow, the seventh segment brownish black. Female: Abdomen unicolorous; the dark brown spots on the scutal lobes not very evident. Habitat.—BsiTtien, December 5, 1912 to February 20, 1913, the latter taken in deep swamps. Mallali, March 8 to 19, 1913. Described from 13 specimens, 6 d^ , 4 9,3 broken. Holotype, cf, Mallali, March 14, 1913. Allotype, 9 , topotypic, March 8, 1913. Paratypes, 5cf 3 9,3 broken, Bartica, December 5, 1912 to February 20, 1913; Mallali, March. Genus STYRINGOMYIA Loew 1845. S(yringo7nyia Loew, Dipt. Reitr., i, 6. Styringomyia americana sp. n. Mesonotum pale medially, darker on the sides; fore legs banded, hind legs unhanded. Male. — Length, 5 mm.; wing, 3.6-4.2 mm. Rostrum and palpi yellowish brown. Antennae with the basal segments brown, the flagellum a little brighter colored. Head light reddish brown. Pronotum pale on the dorsal median line, more brown laterally. Meso- notal praescutum rather pale medially, this mark broadest behind near the suture, sides of the praescutum and the scutum reddish brown, shining. Pleura dull yellowish. Halteres short, pale. Legs with the coxae and trochanters light yellow, the fore femora yellow with three brown bands, narrower subbasal and subapical ones and a broader medial one; tibiae yellow, broadly brownish beyond the base and before the middle, the tip narrowly browned; tarsi yellow, the last segment brown. Hind legs entirely light yellow, unmarked except the brown last tarsal segment. Wings tinged with light yellow, the crossvein r-m slightly suffused with brown. Venation: see pi. IV, fig. L Abdominal tergites light yellowish, the apical fourth dark brown, the sternites yellow; hj'^popygium crushed. Habitat.— Mallali, March 8, 1913. Holotype, cf, Mallali, March 8, 1913. Paratype, sex? topotypic, on the same date. (ienus ATARBA Osten Sacken 1869. ^/arfca Osten Sacken. Mon. Dipt. X. Am., iv, 127. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC. XI,. 232 'BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Atarba varicornis Alexander 1913. Alarba varic.rnis Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 448, pi. xiv, fig. 10. One male from Mallali, March 25, 1913. This is the first male to be made known and I make it the allo- type. The antennae in this sex are nearly as long as the rest of the body, the basal three-fifths of each segment blackish brown, the apical portions yellowish; the segments with long outspreading hairs. Genus CERATOCHEILUS Wesche 1910. Ceratocheilus Wesche, Jour. Linn. Soc, Zool., xxx, 358. Geratocheilus americanum Alexander 1913. Ceratocheilus americanum Alexander, Psyche, xx, 49, 50, pi. 2, figs. e and j. One typical dark female, Bartica, February 12, 1913. Genus TOXORHINA Loew 1851. Toxorhina Loew, Linnaea Entom., x, 400 to 402. Toxorhina centralis Alexander 1913. Toxorhina cen'ralis Alexander, Psyche, xx, 52, 53, pi. 2, fig. i. Three specimens from Bartica, December 10, 1912, a 9 , to Feb- ruary 28, 1913, a cf^. A specimen of another species is represented by a single female from Bartica, December 12, 1912. It is allied to hrasiliensis Westwood in the dark tibial apices, but it is very much smaller. I prefer to leave this form until more material becomes available. Genus TEUCHOLABIS Osten Sacken 1859. Teucholabis Osten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. , 1859, p. 223. Teucholabis annulata Williston 1896. Teucholabis annulata Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 290, pi. 10, f. 63. One male from Bartica, November 30, 1912; females from Barti- ca, November 30, 1912 and January 14, 1913. Teucholabis trifasciata Enderlein 1912. Teucholabis trifasciata Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, pt. 1,69, fig. Rl. One specimen, sex undeterminable because the abdomen is broken, from Bartica, December 4, 1912. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 233 Teucholabis melanocephala Fabricius 1794. Tipulartielanocephala'Fahricius, Ent. Syst., iv, 241. 1828. Limn bin mclanicephala Wiedevaann, Aussereur. zweifl. Ins., i, 34. E'ght specimens, 4cf and 49, Bartica, December 5, 1912 (cf) to April 14, 1913 (cf ), a few in the swamps, the others attracted to light at night. Mallali, March 11, 1913, one large male. I identify this large showy species as being the Tijmla melano- cephala of Fabricius described from Cayenne. My series do not agree in all respects with the rather detailed description given by Wiedemann but since the}' show considerable variation in color, I believe my determination of the form to be correct. The insect may be recharacterized as follows: Male. — Length, 6.9 to 9.8 mm. ; wing, 6.3 to 9.1 mm. Female. — Length, 9 to 10.3 mm. ; wing, 6.4 to 8 mm. Male.- — Rostrum rather short, dark brownish black, the palpi black. Antennae dark brown. Head reddish yellow, in some specimens with a conspicuous dark brown blotch on the vertex. Pronotum reddish yellow, black anteriorly. Praescutum reddish with a broad dark brown mark extending from the lateral margin inward toward the median line ; other specimens show a median dorsal stripe that is divided by a pale line; in some dark individuals the median line is dark brown and at its caudal end becomes confluent with the cephalic ends of the lateral stripes as described by V iedemann ; this leaves a large blotch of yellow on the sides of the sclerite in front of the pseudosuture and the median portion of the sclerite behind at the transverse suture. Lobes of the scutum largely dark brown; scutellum and postnotum pale, in dark individuals the caudal half of the latter very dark brownish black. Pleura largely blackish but this color largely concealed by a dense silvery pubescence; sternites reddish yellow. Halteres moderately long, the stem light brown, the knobs dark brown except their Vjases which are black. Legs, coxae and trochanters dull yellow, femora yellowish brown with a broad median and a subapical annulus of dark brown. \^ ings subhyaline with three brownish clouds, not strongly defined, the basal band irregular extending from the rounded blotch at the origin of Rs to the end of 2nd Anal; the middle band begins at the darker brown rounded stigma caudad across the wing, including the outer end of cell 1st Mi) the third band embraces the wing-tip and is moderately broad. The venation is shown in plate III, fig. 7. Abdomen with the first tergite black, the remaining tergites dull yellow; sternites with the lateral margins of the segment brown; sternite seven with a broad I'ounded dark brown median blotch at the caudal end; sternite eight with a row of about seven strong curved hairs on either side of the middle line, these hairs directed inwards. Female. — Similar to the male but the size averages smaller as is the rule in this genus, but the very long, slender abdomen makes up the greater part of this length; abdomen dark brown. TH.^NS. AM. EXT. SOC, XL. 234 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Teucholabis stygica sp. n. Black ; wings hyaline with the tip infumcd and a brown mark along the cord. Female. — Length, 5.5 mm.; wing, 4.8 mm. Rostrum very long and slender, much longer than the head, dark brown- ish black, the palpi black. Antennae black, the apical flagellar segments broken. Head black. Thoracic dorsum deep shiny black, unmarked. Pleura black with a very sparse grayish bloom in oblique lights, not shining, Halteres black, the knobs pale, dull yellow. Legs black, the tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings hyaline, the apex infumed with brown; a very large triangular blotch in the region of the cord, broadest along costa, ending on the basal deflection of Cui', a faint brown seam along the outer end of cell 1st Mo. Venation: see pi. Ill, fig. 6. Abdomen short, black, the valves of the ovipositor reddish chestnut. Habitat. — Bartica, February 8, 1913. Holotype, 9 , Bartica, February 8, 1913. Teucholabis lugubrissp. n. Abdomen long and slender; head black; thorax black with scanty reddish markings; wings hyaline with a small pale stigmal spot. Female. — Length, 7.8 mm.; abdomen, 6.1 mm.; wing, 5.9 mm. Rostrum rather short and stout, about as long as the head, this and the palpi dark brownish black. Antennae dark brown. Head black. Pronotum black. Mesonotal praescutum black with a linear yellowish stripe beginning near the pseudosutural fovea extending caudad toward the suture but not attaining this; a conspicuous yellow blotch occupying the caudo-median portion of the praescutum and the cephalo-median portion of the scutum; remainder to the scutum black ;scutellum black except a round- ed blotch on the sides of the sclerite, obscure yellow; postnotum black. Pleura black with a silvery gray pubescence. Halteres black, the knob large, obscure yellow. Legs with the fore coxae tipped with yellow, tro- chanters brown, femora dark brown, most intense at the tip, tibiae and tarsi brownish black. Wings hyaline or nearly so, veins brown, costa more yellowish; a small rounded stigmal spot, pale brown and confined to the vicinity of the crossvcinr. Venation: see pi. IV, fig. 3. Abdomen very long and slender; tergites black, shiny, apices of segments seven and eight reddish; sternites black, the valves of the ovipositor chestnut brown. Habitat. — Bartica, January 4, 1913, in deep swamps. Holotype, 9 , Bartica, January 4, 1913. A key to the American species of this large and difficult genus is appended. I have seen the tj^pes of over half the described forms and specimens of many of the remaining species. The key should always be supplemented by reference to the original descriptions and figures. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 235 As indicated in earlier papers, bifasciata Fabricius is the same as trifasciata Enderlein, the latter name being the correct one. T. venezuelensis Macquart- is omitted from the key as I believe it to be S3aionymous with T. melanocephala Fabricius, a variable species. T. polita Osten Sacken is either an exceptionally small species or else Osten Sacken's type is shrunken and no allowance was made by him for this change in condition. The species identified by Williston as complexa (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 289) is not this, but represents an apparently midescribed species that is quite widely distributed in Middle America and the Antilles. A Key to the American Species of Teucholabis Osten Sacken 1. Wings spotted; oross-voin r-m obliterated by fusion. (Peru) paradoxa Alexander' Wings hyaline or banded, not spotted; cross-vein r-m present or lost Myatrophy 2 2. Wings with the membrane hyaline or nearly so, unmarked except for the stigmal spot; in some species the membrane is slightly dark- ened but in such cases the stigmal spot is darker, distinct 20 Wings with the membrane clouded or banded, or with a seam along the cord, or with the tip infumed or with the membrane darkened and the stigma indistinct 3 3. Wings with distinct bands 4 Wings with the darker markings reduced to very narrow seams along the cord or to indistinct clouding at the ai)ex or else the whole wing is uniformly dark brown 12 4. Radial sector short, very arcuated, beginning opposite the tip of Sci [head dark brown above; pronotum yellow; thorax shiny black; wings hyaline with a broad brown apex and brown markings along the cord.]. (Peru) munda Alexander* Radial sector longer, less arcuated, beginning far before the tip of Sci 5 5. Thoracic praescutum shiny black, unmarked 6 Thoracic praescutum more or less orange-yellow or brownish 8 6. Pronotum yellowish [head black; wings with the apical band includ- ing the distal end of cell 1st il/^; basal band broadly diamond- shaped]. (Lesser Antilles, Colombia, French Cuiana.) trifasciata Enderlein* = bifasciata Fabricius* ■•' 1846. venezuelensis Macquart, Dipt. Exot., suppl. 1, 19, pi. 2, fig. 7 {Limnohia) . ^ 1913. paradoxa Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 445, 440, pi. 16, fig. 8. ■• 1913. munda Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 444, 445, pi. 16, fig. 7. ' 1912. irifasciala Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, pt. 1, p. 69, 70, fig. Rl. * 1805. bifasciata Fabricius, Syst. Antl., 31 (Tipula) = trifasciata Enderlein. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 236 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Pronotum black 7 7. Small species (cf , length, 2.5-3 mm.); legs with the basal two-thirds yellowish-tawny [head black; halteres brown, knob yellow; apical band including the distal end of cell 1st Mt}. (Brazil) polita Osten Sacken^ Larger species ( 9 , length, 5 mm.) ; legs dark brown [head black; wings with the apical band not including the distal end of cell 1st Mt which is seamed with brown; basal band narrow, linear.]. (Costa Rica, Panama.) rostrata Enderlein* 8. The apical band on the wings not including the distal end of cell lstM2 9 The outer band on the wings including the distal end of cell 1st Mi 10 9. Basal band on the wings narrow, linear; mesothorax mostly yellow; femora without a medial band [thorax with a large black spot on the middle of the praescutum; pleura clear yellow; legs' dark , brownish black except the base of the femur which is paler]. (Brazil) pulchella Alexander' Basal band on the wings broad, diffuse; mesothorax mostly dark; femora with a brown medial band [colors on the wing-disc much paler, less well defined ; head yellowish usually with a dark brown mark on vertex] . (Guiana) melanocephala Fabricius^" 10. Wing markings not so extensive, the band along the cord narrow, not extending caudad of the basal deflection of Cui and in no way connected with the apical band [head dark brown; pronotum very light yellow; mesonotum with a chestnut dorsal stripe; femora yellow with the tip black-]. (Central America) sackeni Alexander" Wing markings extensive, the band along the cord broader, attaining the hinder margin of the wing and connected along the costal and caudal margins with the broad apical band and thus enclosing a large oval spot of hyaline 11 11. Head black; pleura with a large blotch; basal cells of the wing suffused with dark color; size larger (9, 6.1 mm) [pronotum light yellow; hind legs blackish; halteres dark throughout]. (Peru) jucunda Alexander^* Head reddish brown; pleura unspotted; basal cells of the wings almost devoid of dark color; [pronotum yellow; halteres dark through- out]. (Bolivia) laeta Alexander" ^ 1887. polita Osten Sacken, Berl. Ent. Zeit., xxxi, pt. 2, 189. « 1912. rostrata Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, pt. 1, 68, 69, fig. Q\. " 1913. -pulchella Alexander, Psyche, xx, 44, pi. 2, figs, h, I. "1794. melanocephala Fabricius, Entomol. Syst., iv, 241 {Tipnla). " 1913. sackeni Alexander, Psyche, xx, 42, 43, pi. 2, fig. a. '2 1913. jucunda Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 441, 442, pi. 16, fig. 4 " 1913. hu'.ia Alexander; ibid., 442, 443, pi. 16, fig. .5. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 237 12. The wing membrane uniformly dark brown 13 The wing membrane mostly hyaline, the darker markings small, limited or indistinct 14 13. Mesonotal praescutum in front with a longitudinal shining black median stripe; femora blackish with a rust-red band beyond the base. (South America) schineri Enderlein^'' Mesonotal praescutum entirely bright ochraceous yellow, unmarked^ with darker; femora uniformly yellowish without a rust-red ring. (Brazil, Peru) flavithorax Wiedemann'* 14. Thoracic dorsum shiny black without markings [rostrum very long and slender; wings hyaline with the tip infumed with brown, a conspicuous seam along the cord]. (British Guiana) stygica sp.n.'" Thoracic dorsum with more or less red or yellow 15 15. Femora brown with a yellowish annulus before the tip [thorax yellow with brown stripes; wings a little yellowish, the tip scarcely brown; abdomen brown and yellow; length of the cf about 7 mm.]. (Brazil) simplex Wiedemann^' Femora without a yellow annulus before the tip ; head reddish 16 16. Thoracic dorsum reddish yellow without darker markings 17 Thoracic dorsum more or less red but distinctly' marked with dark brownstripesorspots 18 17. Large (d^, length, 10 mm. or over) ; legs pale yellow, the femora with a brown band beyond the middle [head dark in front, pale yellow behind; brown markings on the wing consisting of a large rounded dark brown stigma and an indistinct seam along the deflection of ■ i24+5; abdomen light yellow]. (Panama) audax Alexander'* Small (cf , length, 4 mm.); legs uniformly brown beyond the base of the femur [head blackishbrown; wings tinged with pale brown, the stigmal spot well-defined, brown; costa clouded with brown to the tip, some of the cord with brown seams; halteres brown; abdomen blackish brown, the male hypopygium with many thorn- like appendagesl. (Colombia) spinigera Schiner'^ 18. Thoracic dorsum reddish yellow with three confluent black stripes that occupy nearly the whole mesonotum 19 Thoracic dorsum reddish yellow with three dark spots [head reddish; pronotum yellow; hind coxae reddish yellow like the other coxae; wings hyaline without a dark basal spot; abdomen with the basal tergites dark brown, the apical tergites yellowish] . (Peru) . fulgens Alexander^" " 1912. schineri Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, pt. 1, 71, 72. " 1821. flavithorax Wiedemann, Dipt, exot., i, 43, no. 3 (Limnobia). 1* 1914. stygica, sp. n. this paper, pi. iii, fig. 6. " 1830. simplex Wiedemann, Aussereur. zweifl. Ins., i, 549 {Limnobia). " 1913. audax Alexander, Psyche, xx, 44, 45, ]A. 2, fig. d. 1' 1868. spinigera Schiner, Xovara Reise, Dipt., i). 4-i. ^° 1913. fulgens Alexander, Ent. Xew.?, xxiv, 440, pi. l(i. fig. 2. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 238 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE 19. Postnotum and scutelluin black [front black, leniainder ot the head reddish; wings hyaline, rather narrow, stigma small, brown, bisected by cross-vein r, cord slightly clouded with brown; hal- teres brown; abdomen metallic black with the incisures reddish yellow] . (Mexico) gracilis Osten Sacken" Postnotum brownish black, scutellum light yellow [head reddish; pronotum yellow; hind coxae dark; wings hyaline with a con- spicuous brown spot at the base, the tip infuscated; abdomen dark brownish black with the tergal apices yellow]. (Peru) hilaris Alexander^^ 20. Head black not metallic; thoracic dorsum with the color mostly black, shining ■• 21 Head generally not black, if so with metallic reflections; the thoracic dorsum with the color largely yellowish or reddish with or without scanty darker markings 25 21. Legs brownish black , 22 Legs with the femora yellow, tipped with brown, the coxae brown ... 23 22. Legs pitch black, coxae bright yellow; general color shining b'ack, the margin of the praescutum yellow; scutellum yellow; postno- tum and pleura black, the latter with a yellow spot above the mesocoxa and another under the wing-root [wings hyaline, stigma blackish brown] . (South America) . morionella Schiner" Legs dark brownish black; pleura black, unmarked [abdomen long and slender; wings hyaline, the stigmal spot small]. (British Guiana) lugubris, sp.n.»* 23. A reddish mark on the humeral angles of the praescutum ; legs brown, fore femora yellowish with two brown rings. (Brazil) scapularis Macquart*^ The reddish on the praescutum not in the shajic of humeral marks; femora with only the apical brown annulus 24 24. Pronotum dull yellowish; pleura uniformly black; wings infumed with brown, stigma dark brown, oval. (Peru) . tristis Alexander" Pronotum bright yellow; pleura with j^ellow spots; wings hyaline, stigma small, brown. (Mexico) molesta Osten Sacken"' 25. Cross-vein r indistinct or lacking, tending to be oblique, the tip atrophied [color light j'^ellow throughout] . ^Brazil ) parishi .\lexander"* Cross-vein r present, conspicuous, vertical 26 21 1886. gracilis Osten Sacken, Biol. Cent. Am., Dipt., i, 7. 22 1913. hilaris Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 443, 444, pi. 16, fig. 6. 23 1868. morionella Schiner, Novara Reise, Dipt., 47 (Limnnbia). 2'* 1914. lugubris, sp. n., this paper, pi. iv, fig. 2. 25 1838. scapularis Macquart; Dipt. Exot., i, pt. 1 , 73, pi. 10, fig. I {Rhnm- phidia). 26 i9i3_ tristis Alexander, Ent. News, xxiv, 439, 440, j)!. IG, fig. 1. 27 1886. violesta Osten Sacken, Biol. Cent. Am., Dipt., i, 6, 7. 2» 1913. parishi Alexander, Psyche, xx, 46, 47. pi. 2. figs, c, k. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 239 26. Thoracic dorsum with three complete dark brown stripes 27 Thoracic dorsum without three dark brown stripes 28 27. Wings broader, the tip not infuscated; femora j^ellow tipped with brown. (Eastern United States) ... .complexa Osten Sacken^' Wings narrower, the tip narrowly infuscated; femora yellowish brown at the tip and with a postmedial brown annulus. (Lesser An- tilles; Guiana) annulata VVilliston^o 28. Thoraxlight yellow with a dark narrow pleural stripe. (Central Amer- ica) pleuralis Alexander^' Thoraxwithout a pleural stripe 29 29. Head and abdomen with metallic reflections; prothorax brownish; femora brownish black. (Cuba) chalybeiventris Loew^- Head gray without metallic reflections; prothorax dull yellow; femora > dlow with the tips broadly brown. (Bolivia) jocosa Alexander^^ Genus ORIMARGA Osten Sac ken 1869. Orimarga Osten Sacken, Mon. Dipt. N. Am., iv, 120. Orimarga punctipennis sp. n. Thoiax and head bluish gray; legs very pale, almost whitish; wings spotterl with brown. Male. — Length, 7 mm. ; wing, 4.4 mm. Robtrum rather elongated, dark brown, the palpi brownish black. An- tennae with the basal segments light brown, the flagollum i)roken. Head with a uniform light gray bloom. Thoracic dorsum brown with a thick blue-gray bloom. Pleura yellow- ish brown. Halteres rather short, brown, more yellowish at the base. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellowish brown, the remainder very pale whitish brown except the apical tarsal segments which are brown. Wings almost hyaline, the veins brown; dark brown dots as follows: the largest at the tip of .SV, others at the base of Rs, tip of Ri, and on cross-vein r, basal deflection of 72^+5 and cross-vein r-m and faint marks on the basal deflection of Cui and at the fork of (Jui and Mz. Venation: see pi. IV, fig. 3. Abdominal tergites dark brownish black, the sternites paler. Habitat. — Bartica, February 11, 1913. Holotype, cf , Bartica, February 11, 1913. 29 1859. cowplexa Osten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phila, 1859, 223. (genotype). 30 1896. (umulnta Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.. 1896. 290, pi. x, fig. 63. 3' 1913. pleuralis .\lexandcr, Psyche, xx, 45, 46. 3- 1861. chalybeiventris Loew, Wien. Entomol. Monatschr., v, no. 2, 33, 34 (Rhamphidia). " 1913. iorosn Alexander, Ent. Xe--^ Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, 519. Three 9, Mallali, March 11, 1913 to April 5, 1913. Genus GNOPHOMYIA Osten Sacken 1859. Gnophomyia Osten Sacken, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, p. 223. Gnophomyia arcuata sp. n. Grayish black without yellow markings; hal teres dark throughout; wings with the membrane hyaline, cell Ri very broad at the tip, veins Rt and Rz being divergent apically. Female. — length 6 mm. ; wings, 5.4 mm. Female. — Rostrum and palpi dark brownish black. Antennae brownish black. Head brownish black. Thorax rather uniformly dark grayish black without yellow markings. Halteres dark throughout. Legs dark brown. \\ ings hyaline, the stigmal spot quite indistinct, pale brown; veins dark brown. Venation: (see pi. IV, fig. 6) basal deflection of Ri^z very arcuated, sub-perpendicular, the cross- CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 245 vein r just before the fork of TJ^+a, R rather long, running parallel to Ri, R» with its tip swung caudad toward the wing-tip so that cell Ri is very wide at its distal end; cell Id M2 narrowed at its base; basal deflection of Cui just before the fork of M. Abdomen dark grayish black, the end of the abdomen and the ovipositor being drawn out into a long slender tube. Habitat. — Bartica, January 4 to 28, 1913. Holotype, 9 , Bartica, January 28, 1914. Paratype, sex indeterminable, topotypic, January 4, 1913. This species may be easily separated from the other black forms with dark halteres (luduosa Osten Sacken, maestitia Alexander, et al) in the divergence of veins R2 and R3 at their tips, the former being considerably shorter than the latter vein and consequently cell R2 is very wide at its outer end. Gnophomyia subhyalina Alexander 1913. Gn ph myia subhyalina Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv^ 523, pi. 66, f. 23. Fourteen specimens Gcf', 89, taken at Bartica, December 18, 1912 to February 25, 1913; mostly attracted to light, a few in the swamps. Gnophomyia decisa sp. n. Color black; legs light yellow; wings light brown diversified with hyaline and brown; a supernumerary cross-vein in cell Rz. Male. — Length, without the head, 3.9 mm. ; wing, 4.7 mm. Male. — Head lacking. Thorax including the pleura black. Halteres rather slender, brown. Legs with the coxae bark brown, trochanters dull yellow, femora and tibiae dull yellow, the latter a little darkened toward the tip, the tarsi brown. Wings light brown, diversified with darker and lighter spots and drops as; follows: a subhyalino patch in cell Sc\ just at the end of vein Sc, other light marks in cell R,2nd Ri, at the end of vein Ri, in cells 1st and 2nd M2, etc. Dark brown marks in the base of cell R, at the origin of Rs, end of Sc, around cross- i^ein r (stigmal), along the cord, at the tip of R2, and R3, a seam along the supernumerary cross-vein in cell R2, seams along the basal deflection of Cui, base of the outer deflection of Ms and on cross-vein ?«. Venation: (see pi. Ill, fig. 8) a supernumerary cross-vein in cell R2, cell !si A/j very long and narrow so that cross-vein m is beyond the middle of the outer free por- tion of A/s. Abdomen dark brownish black, the hyt)oin'giuin slightly brighter, more- reddish. Habitat.—MaWaVi, March 15, 1913. Holotype, cf , Mallali, March 15, 1913. This species is not a typical meml)er of Gnophomyia in the posi- TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 246 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE tioii of Sc2, that is at the tip of Sci and not retracted backward toward the wing-base to a greater or less degree. It seems to be most nearly allied to this genus, however, and it is better to refer it here than to create a new group on insufficient material. GenuH SIGMATOMERA Osten Sacken 18G9. Sujmalomcra Osten Sacken, Mon. Dipt. N. Am., iv, 137, 138. Sigmatomera apicalis sp. n. Color yellowish; wings yellow banded and tipped with brown. Male. — Length, 13.6 mm. ; wing, 12.8 mm. ; antennae, 6 mm. Male: Rostrum short, dark brown, the palpi yellowish brown. Antennae dark brownish black, the second segment slightly paler basally, segments three to nine (the first seven flagellar) with the extreme apex pale, almost whitish ; the first four segments of the flagellum show the deep constrictions that give to the segments the S-shaped appearance, but beyond these first four this appearance is gradually lost and the apical segments are elongated and but little constricted. Eyes large, nearly approximated above, so that the space on the vertex between them is very narrow and reduced; head blackish in front, yellowish red behind. Thoracic dorsum rather shining reddish yellow, without apparent darker .stripes. Pleura yellowish brown. Halteres rather long, dull yellow. Legs reddish yellow, the femora rather broadly tipped with darker; tibiae light brown tipped with darker; tarsi dark brown. Wings rather uniform light yellow, a rather narrow darker band along the cord, an interrupted basal band and the apex of the wings lighter brown. Venation: (see pi. Ill, fig. 9) cell 1st Ma closed. Abdomen brownish yellow, darker toward the tip, the hypopygium and segment eight dark brown. Habitat. — Bartica, February 21, 1913. Holotype, cf, Bartica, February 21, 1913. In its closed cell 1st M^ this agrees most closely with the type of the genus which has only a narrow brown seam to the cord. The color pattern of the wing agrees much more closely with amazonica Westwood, but here the thorax is blackish and cell 1st M2 is open by the lack of the outer deflection of M3. A Key to the Species of Sigmatomera Osten Sacken 1. Cell Isl M2 open; thorax black [apical band on the wings narrow, barely including the outer end of cell 2nd R\; middle crossband broad : bapal band suffusing most of the anal lobe]. (Brazil) amazonicd Westwood'''' Cell 1st Ml closed; thorax yellowish 2 '< 1881. amazonica Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.. 1881, 366, pi. 17,'fig. 3. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 247 2. Wings nearly hyaline, not banded, only the costal cells yellowish. (Par- aguay) occulta Alexander** Wings yellowish, banded 3 3. Wings with the banding confined to a narrow mark along the cord. (Mexico) flninpennis Osten Sacken'^ Wings with the apex broadly banded, the middle crossband narrow, darker brown; the basal band not suffusing the anal angle of the wings. (British Guiana) opicalis sp. n." Genus MONGOMA Westwood 1881. Mongo77ia Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, 364. Mongoma geniculata sp. n. Cross-vein r just before the fork of R2+3; wings with the veins seamed with gray, tip not infuscated; legs black with the tip of the femur and the base of the tibia narrowly white, the tarsi brown. Female. — Length, 10.8 mm.; wing, 7.7 mm. Rostrum and palpi brown, the latter darker; Antennae dark brownish black. Head brown. Praescutum dark brown without distinct darker markings; scutum with the lobes dark brownish black, the median area paler, more yellowish; scutellum and postnotum brownish black. Pleura pale yellowish, the inesopleura a little infumed with brown. Halteres brown. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellowish brown; femora brownish black, the tip narrowly white; tibiae dark brown, the extreme base whitish; tarsi dark brown. Wings subhyaline, the stigma prominent, oval, dark brown; veins broadly seamed with gray, the tip not distinctly infuscated. Venation, see plate IV, fig. 7. Abdominal tergites dark brown, the lateral margins yellow; sternites yellow. Habitat. — Bartica, February 18, 1913. Holotype, 9 , Bartica, February 18, 1913. Mongoma pallipes sp. n. Cross-vein r just before the fork of Ri+z', tip of wing infuscated and the veins seamed with gray; legs with the tips of the femora broadly white, the extreme base of the tibiae similar; hind legs, only, with the tarsi and the tip of the tibiae white, the remaining tarsi brown. Male. — Length, 9.4 mm.; wing, 7.3 mm. Rostrum j'cUowish. Antennae broken. Head dark brown, more yellow- ish behind. Praescutum light yellowish brown, more brownish behind near the su- ture ; scutum with the lobes dark brown, the median space pale ; scutellum and 55 1914. occulta Alexander, Ent. News, xxv, 209, pi. ix, fig. 5. ■■'^ 1873. flavipcnni^ Osten Sackcn, Mon. Diy)t. N. .\in.. iii, ix (supi)le- raent). " 1914. apicalis, sp. n., this paper. ])\. iii. iig. 9. TRANS. AM. RNT. SOC, XL. 248 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE postnotum brown. Pleura dull yellow. Halteres brown. Legs, the fore pair lacking; middle pair, coxae and trochanters pale dull yellow, femora brown the tip abruptly white, extreme base of the tibia white, the remainder brown, tarsi brown; hind pair with the coxae and trochanters dull yellow, femora brown with the tip broadly white, tibiae with the base narrowly and rather indistinctly white, the tip broadly white, tarsi white, the two terminal segments more browned. Wings subhyaline, the stigma dark brown ; tip of the wing and most of the veins and deflections of veins and cross-veins seamed with gray. Venation, see plate IV, fig. 8. Abdominal tergites dark brown; sternites pale yellowish brown. Hahitat.—Mal\a\i, March 8, 1913. Holotype, d", Mallali, March 8, 1913. The described species of Mongoma belonging to the bromeliadicola group may be separated by the following kej^ : 1. Femora not tipped with white. (For these species, see Proc. U. S.Nat. Mus., xliv, 500.) Femora tipped with white 2 2. AA ings without gray seams to the veins ; cross-vein r rather far before the fork of R2+3', tips of all the tibiae yellowish white, tarsi brown. (Costa Rica) bromeliadicola Alexander'* Wings with the veins seamed with gray; cross-vein r just before the fork of Ri+3', tibiae either uniformly brown beyond the base or else only the hind pair tipped with white 3 3. Wings infumed with gray at the apex; hind tarsi white; white tips to the light brown femora broad. (British Guiana) . .pallipes sp. n. Wings not infumed at apex; all the tarsi brown; white tips to the dark brown femora narrow. (British Guiana) geniculata sp. n. Tribe Limnophilim Genus PSARONIUS Enderlein 1912. Psaronius Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, pt. 1, 50. 1913. Lecteria Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, 493. In an earlier paper cited above I did not consider this genus as being distinct from Lecteria Osten Sacken. A very considerable amount of new material has since come to hand and it now appears as though the two genera are analogous forms of their respective tribes, Lecteria being an Eriopterine with spurless tibiae, while Psaronius is a Limnophiline with spurred tibiae. The venation of the members of these genera is very similar and their true relation- ships will only be explained when the immature stages are dis- covered and the forms reared; since Lecteria armillaris Fabricius '* 1912. bromeliadicola Alexander, Entomological News, xxiii, 415 to 417. CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 249 and Psaroyiius obscurus Fabricius are common and widely distrib- uted throughout the tropics of the New World, this work of breeding out the adults should not be very difficult. The following corrections to my paper cited above shoul 1 be made: Lecteria conspersa Enderlein is a Limnophila though not a member of the subgenus Dadylolabis as stated by its describer. L. mattogrossae Alexander (ibid., 496, 497) and armiUaris Fabricius (ibid., 497) are members of Lecteria as above restricted; the other species are Psaronii and may be separated by means of the key given later. Psaronius fuscipennis sp. n. Wings dark fuscous with darker and paler markings in the radial cells. Male. — Length, 27 mm. ; wing, 18.8 mm. Female. —'Length., 24 to 25 mm. ; wing, 16 to 16.2 mm. Similar to P. obscurus in size and general structure but the body color- ation is very much darker. The body markings are dark brown instead of the ochraceous brown of obscurus; the four terminal tarsal segments uniformly brown, not pale tipped with brown. The wings are distinctly dark brown with darker markings at the origin of Rs and at the stigmal spot; paler, subhyaline, blotches before and after the origin of Rs and beyond the stigma. Habitat. — Bartica, February 26 to April 14, 1913. Holotype, cf, Eartica, April 14, 1913. Allotype, 9 , topotypic, February 28, 1913. Paratype, 9 , topotypic, February 26, 1913. Psaronius obscurus Fabricius 1885. Tipula obcura Fabricius, Syst. Antl., 27. 1912. Psaronius lituralui Enderlein, Zool. Jahrb., xxxii, 50, 51, fig. Ei. Thirteen specimens, 7 cf , 6 9 , Bartica, January 21 to February 26, 1913; two females were taken in deep swamps, the remainder at lights. Psaronius pygmaeus sj). n. \\ ings subhyaline with scanty darker markings; vein 7^2 fusing with Ri at its tip; metatarsus very pale, whitish. Male. — Length, 21 to 22 mm. ; wing, 13.5 to 14.4 mm. Fore leg, femur, 9.4 mm. ; tibia, 13.4 mm. ; tarsus, 10.7 mm. Hind leg, femur, 12.2 mm. ; tibia, 12.4 mm. ; tarsus, 7.9 mm. Rostrum rather short, brown, palpi dark brown. Antennae with the elongated basal segment orange, remainder of the antennae dark brown. Head orange-brown, the margin adjoining theeyesnarrowly silvery; sides of the vertex with abundant long hairs. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 250 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Thoracic notum light brown, dorsal stripes not apparent; the postnotum darker brown medially. Pleura rather pale, brownish yellow. Halterep brown, the extreme base pale. Legs with the coxae and trochanters rather bright yellow; femora brown, only the tips slightly darkened; tibiae brown, the tip narrowly dark brown; fiist tarsal segment very pale, almost white, remainder of the tarsus brown. Wings with a pale yellow suffusion, the cos- tal cell brighter yellow; brown clouds at the origin of Rs, fork of ^2+3 and the. radial cross-veins and deflections of veins narrowly and indistinctly seamed with brown; cephalic half of the long cell 7^2 infumed. Venation: (see plate IV. fig. 9) R2 tending to atrophy, its tip fused with Ri at the wing-margin. Abdominal tergites light brown, beyond the third segment darkening into a deeper brown; sternites yellow, the apical segments darker. Habitat. — Bartica, January 30 to February 21, 1913. Holotype, cf, Bartica, February 21, 1913. Paratype, cf, topotypic, January 30, 1913. This form is the smallest of the described species with the exception of ohliteratus Alexander; the forms may be separated by the appended key. A Key to the Species of Psaronius Enderlein 1. R2 entirely atl-ophied; cell 2nd /?, entirely obliterated. (Paraguay) ahnormis Alexander'' Ri present, at least basally; the tip may be fused with Ri at the wing margm. 2 2. Ri fused with Ri at its tip so that cell 2ncl Ri is very tiny, pointed at its distal end which does not attain the wing-margin 3 R2 free for its entire length, running sub-parallel to Ri and R3 so that cell R2 is long, slender, its distal end at least as broad as its prox- imal end and attaining the wing-margin 4 3. Smaller; wing of male less than 12mm. ; wing suffused with brown; body coloration dull black; antenna! flagellum black, the scape orange. (British Guiana) obliteraius Alexander*" Larger; wing of male over 12 mm. ; wing pale yellowish; body coloration orange-yellow; antennal flagellum brown, only the first segment orange. (British' Guiana) pygmaeus sp. n. 4. Wings light yellow or brownish yellow; body coloration ochraceous yel- low, the markings rather indistinct. (Guiana; Brazil) obscurus Fabricius'" Wings dark brown; body coloration brown, the marking dark brown. (British Guiana) fuscipennis sp. n. '9 1914. abnnrmis Alexander, Ent. News, xxv, 211, pi. ix, fig. 9 {Leclcria) . 40 1913. oblilerata Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, 494 {Leclcria'). ••i 1805. o?).sa^m Fabricius. Syst. Antl., 27 (r?7)?//a). CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 251 Genus POLYMERA Wiedemann 1821. Poly incr a Weidemann, Dipt. Exot., i, 40. The species of this interesting genus have been considered by the author in earHer papers; the student is referred to the Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, xHv, 526 to 535. Polymera hirticornis P'abricius 1805. ChironoviHfi hirticornis Fabricius, Syst. Antliar., 46. Bartica, one male on January 28, 1913; two females on February 11, 1913, March 1, 1913. Polymera niveitarsis Alexander 1913. Polymera niveilarsix Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Alus., xliv, 532. Bartica, one female, February 14, 1913. Polymera obscura Macquart 1838. Pidymera obscura Macquart, Dipt. Exot., i, pt. 1, 65. Bartica, one male, December 30, 1912. Mallali, one female, March 13, 1913. Polymera conjuncta Alexander 1913. Polymera conjuncta Alexander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xliv, 529. Bartica, one specimen, sex uncertain, January 13, 1913. Mal- lali, one female, March 15, 1913. Polymera pulchricornis sp. n. Size medium; flagellar segments of the male antennae bi-nodose; wing with cell Ml present; tarsi uniformly brown, similar in color to the rest of the legs; thoracic pleura with a prominent black stripe. MaZe.— Length, 4.4 to 4.5 mm. ; wing, 4.6 to 4.7 mm. ; antennae about 7 mm. Female. — Length, 5.7 nun. ; wing, 5.2 mm. Male. — Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae very long and delicate, about half as long again as the body; segments brown, darkest at the nodes which arc provided with groups of long out-stretched hairs; flagellar seg- ments bi-nodose. Head grayish. Thoracic dorsum light brown, unmarked. Pleura with a very broad dark brown lateral stripe ; sternites and coxae light yellow. Halteres brown. Legs with the coxae as described above; trochanters dull yellow; femora light brown; tibiae and tarsi of all the legs brown. Wings with a light gray- ish brown suffusion; stigma not present. Venation: (see plate IV, fig. 10) Cell M\ present; cell M3 as long as its petiole; the space on R\ beyond r about one-half that of Ri between Scn and r. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 252 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Abdomen dark brown throughout; pleurites of the hypopygium very long and slender. Female. — Similar to the male but the antennae short and simple, extend- ing about to the base of the first abdominal segment. Habitat. — ^Bartica, December 10, 1912 to February 17, 1913. Holotype, c^, Bartica, February 17, 1913. Allotype, 9 , topotypic, December 10, 1912. Paratype, cf, topotypic, January 28, 1913. In my key to the species of Polymer a (ibid., 527, 528) this form would run down to P. inornata Alexander, also from British Gui- ana, in which the color of the hind tarsi is not known; in inornata, however, the cross-vein r is almost midway between Sco and the tip of Ri and there is no pleural stripe on the thorax. P. pulchricomis agrees with thoracica Alexander and alhitarsis Williston in its dark pleural stripe, but differs in the dark color of the tarsi. P. grisea Alexander has the cross-vein r very far out toward the tip of Ri, the basal deflection of Cui beyond the fork of M, pleural stripe narrow, etc. Tribe Hexatomini Genus ERIOCERA Macquart 1838. Eriocera Macquart, Dipt. Exot., i, 74. Eriocera kaieturensis Alexander 1914. Eriocera kaieturen^ii^ Alexander, Psyche, xxi, 41, 42, pi. 4, fig. 1. Bartica, 9, February 26, 1913; Bartica, cT, April 15, 1913; St. Edwards, 9 , December 2, 1912. Eriocera speciosa sp. n. Head reddish ; thoracic dorsum grayish brown; wings brown with a broad whitish band lying before the cord; basal segments of the abdomen orange- yellow, tip black. AfaZe.— Length, 10.4 to 11.6 mm.; wing, 10.1 to 10.8 mm. Female. — Length, 13.1 to 14 mm.; wing, 11.4 to 12.5mm. Rostrum and palpi dark brownish black. Antennae with the first seg- ment brownish orange, remainder brownish black. Head fiery orange-yel low. Thoracic dorsum brown with a yellowish bloom ; postnotum lighter brown. Pleura light brown. Halteres short, brown, lighter at the base. Legs dark brown. Wings dark brown, the anal cells scarcely if at all paler; a broad whitish band across the wing, this band lying entirely before the cord. Venation, see plate III, fig. 10. Abdominal tergites 1 to 5 orange, G velvetj' black, brownish orange around the margin, 7 and 8 velvety black; hypopygium grayish brown; CHARLES P. ALEXANDER 253 sternites 1 to 5 j'ellow, 6 to 8 black. In some speciments an oval black median spot on tergite 5 near the caudal margin. Holotype, cf , Bartica, January 30, 1913, in swamps. Allotype, 9 , topotypic, February 5, 1913, in swamps. Paratypes, llcf, 29, topotypic, January 25, 1913 to February 11, 1913, in swamps. E. speciosa is closest to E. melanacra Wiedemann of Brazil but the thoracic dorsum is without black stripes, base of the wing not conspicuously pale, wing band proximad of 'the cord, first abdom- inal segment not black, no dark stripes on the yellow of the basal abdominal segments, etc. Subfamily Tipulinae Tribe DoUchopezini Genus MEGISTOGERA Wiedemann 1828. Megislocera Wiedemann, Aussereur. zweifl. Ins., i, 55. Megistocera longipennis IVIacquart 1838. TipuJa longipennis Macquart, Dipt. Exot., i, pt. 1, 57, pi. 5, fig. 1. Bartica, one (f, December 5, 1912, one cf , January 18, 1913. Mallali, one 9, March 20, 1913. Genus BRACHYPREMNA Osten Sacken 1886. Brachypremna Osten Sacken, Berlin. Entomol. Zeitschr., xxx, 161. Brachypremna breviventris Wiedemann 1821. Tipula hreviven'ris Wiedemann, Dipt, exot., i, 43. Bartica, two 9 , January 16, 1913 to February 18, 1913; one cf, January 31, 1913. Tribe Tipulini Genus OZODICERA Macquart 1834. Ozodicera Macquart, Hist6ire Naturelle des Insectes: Dipteres, i, 92. Ozodicera pectinata Wiedemann 1821. Tipula peclinataWlfidemann, Dipt. Exot., i, 24. One female from Bartica, January 27, 1913. Ozodicera noctivagans sp. n. Very much smaller than any of the described species, length of wing under 12 mm.; thorax gray with four brown stripes; wings dusky, stigma brown. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL. 254 BRITISH GUIANA TIPULIDAE Male. — Length, 12 to 12.1 mm.; wing, 10.8 to 0.9 mm. Fore leg, femur, 7 mm. ; tibia, 8.7 mm. ; tarsal segment 1, 8.8 mm.; tarsal segments 2 to 5 about 7.5 mm. Rostrum and palpi black. Frontal prolongation of the head yellow, the nasus very small, indistinct. Antennae with the scajial segments yellow, fiagellum brownish black; segments 4 to 9 of the antennae unipectinate, the pectinations a little longer than the segment, except on the 9th where it is shorter, four apical segments simple. Head brownish gray, somewhat shiny around the base of the antennae. Thoracic dorsum gray with four distinct brown stripes, the median pair longest, broad in front, ending in a point behind near the suture; lat- eral stripes short and broad, beginning behind the jiseudosutural foveae, ending at the transverse suture; scutum gray, each lobe with a large brown blotch on the cephalic margin this being a continuation of the lateral prae- scutal stripe; scutellum gray, the caudal half dark brown; postnotum with a gray bloom showing brown in certain lights ; this gray and brown pattern is variable in different lights. Pleura light brown with a gray bloom. Ilalteres rather long, dark brown, pale at the base. Legs, coxae and trochanters dull yellow, femora 3'ellow narrowly dark brown at the tip, tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings with a slight dark suffusion ; stigma brown ; veins dark brown. Venation: cross-vein r connects with Rz just beyond the origin of the latter; i?3+3 longer than R2 alone ; cross- vein r-m short, punctif orm ; cell 1st M2 large ; cell Ml broadly sessile, the portion of Mo that makes up the outer end of cell 1st M-i about one-third as long as cross-vein »i; fusion of Tu, and M3 slight equal to about one-third of the cross-vein vi. Abdominal tergitc 2 with the basal half pale silvery gray, apical half black; tergite 3 brownish yellow indistinctly ringed with blackish before the middle and at the end of the segment, segments 4 to 6 brownish yellow tipped with black, apical abdominal segments rather uniformly dark; six basal sternites yellow, 7 and 8 brownish black, 9 yellow. Holotype, cf , Bartica, February 19, 1913, at light. Paratype, cf, topotypic, January 7, 1913, at light. From the other species of Ozodicera with the antennae unipecti- nate, pectinata Wiedemann, (jracilis Westwood, griseipennis Loew, simplex Walker and himaculata Enderlein, this form differs conspic- uously in its very small size and gray thoracic coloration. The species above listed have the wing over 15 mm. in lergth, nodi- vagans having it under 12 mm. CHARLES P. alexandi:r 255 EXPLAXATIOX OF THE PLATES PLATE III Fig. 1. — Wing of Dicranomyia apicata sp. n. Fig. 2. — Wing of Rhipidia {Conorhipidia) conica sp. n. Fig. 3. — Wing of Geranomyia pulchella sp. n. Fig. 4. — Wing of Rhamphidia uniformis sp. n. Fig. 5. — Wing of Rhamphidia mirabilis sp. n. Fig. 6. — Wing of Teucholabis stygica sp. n. Fig. 7. — Wing of Teucholabis melanocephala Fabricius. Fig. 8. — Wing of Gnophomyia decisa sp. n. Fig. 9. — Wing of Signiatomera apicalis sp. n. Fig. 10. — Wing of Eriocera speciosa sp. n. PLATE IV Fig. 1. — Wing of Styringotnyia americayia sp. n. Fig. 2. — Wing of Teucholabis lugubris sp. n. Fig. 3. — ^Wing of Orimarga punclipennis sp. n. Fig. 4. — Wing of Diotrepha atrihasis sp. n. Fig. 5. — Wing of Gonomyia {Leiponeura) inennis sp. n. Fig. 6. — Wing of Gnophomyia arcuata sp. n. Fig. 7. — Wing of Mongoma geniculata sp. n. Fig. 8. — Wing of Mongoma pallipes sp. n. Fig. 9. — Wing of Psarotdus pygmaeus sp. n. Fig. 10. — Wing of Polymera pulchricornis sp. n. TRANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XL.