Les Psychodinae dendrolimnophiles et dendrolimnobiontes palearctiques et nearctiques (Insecta, Diptera, Nematocera, Psychodidae) Par F. Vaillant Vaillant, F. ( 1 989) : Les Psychodinae dendrohmnophiles et dendrolimnobiontes pa-learctiques et nearctiques. — Spixiana 12/2: 193 — 208 In temperate regions, tree holes which retain water permanently or at least during several months have an aquatic fauna comprising representatives of specialized spe-cies considered as dendrolimnobiontic and representatives of dendrolimnophilous species ; the latter can use habitats of one or several other kinds. When they live in hol-low trees, they can withstand the high content of the water in potassium and in humic acids. In the present paper, only Diptera of the subfamily Psychodinae among the Psychodidae will be considered. It appears that, in the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, dendrolimno-biontic species of Psychodinae belong only to two tribes of the subfamily Psychodi-nae, with only four genera altogether, Threticus Eaton, Telmatoscopus Eaton, Clog-mia Enderlein and Setomima Enderlein. The last stage larvae of the different species of the last three genera all have a common character : Their hypostomium has only one medial and two lateral projections, while it is different for other genera of Psychodi-nae, except Peripsychoda Enderlein. Telmatoscopus is type of the tribe Telmatoscopini and T. advenus (Eaton) is type of the genus Telmatoscopus; the female imago and the larvae of the last species were yet unknown and are described here. Besides the male genitalia of T. advenus are figu-red in more details than they were previously; an important and special feature appe-ars concerning the relations between the aedeagus and the other parts of the genitalia. Telmatoscopus is closer to Panimerus Eaton than to any other genus of Psychodinae, if we consider both the imagines and the larvae, but the limit between the two genera, based on many morphological and ecological characters, appears clearly. The origin of the dendrolimnobiontic species of Psychodinae is discussed, by using both characters of the imagines and characters of the larvae. All dendrolimnobiontic species seem to come from a same phyletic line, which originated from a primitive ge-nus of Pericomini close to Ulomyia and to Satchelliella, genera which, at present, comprise many crenophilous species in the palearctic region. This phyletic line would have branched, one of the extreme branches having ended into the Telmatoscopus, an-other one into the Brunettia; another branch would have given altogether the Clog-mia and the Threticus; but many species of the last genus have remained crenophilous. Fran^ois Vaillant, Universite Joseph Fourier (Grenoble I) Boite Postale No 53 X, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex, France 193
BioStor
