MUS, COMP. ZOOL. 
LIBRARY 
OCCASIONAL PAPERS fgg 4^973 
of the HARVARD 
MUSEUM OF NATURiWL^^ISTORY 
The University of Kansas 
Lawrence, Kansas 
NUMBER 6, PAGES 1-29 JANUARY 25, 1972 
MAMMALS FROM THE MEXICAN STATE 
OF SINALOA. 11. CHIROPTERA 
By 
J. Knox Jones, Jr.,^ Jerry R. Choate," 
AND Alberto Cadena^ 
The Mexican state of Sinaloa is strategically located in the transi- 
tion zone between the temperate and tropical regions of North Amer- 
ica. The zoogeographic significance of this part ofwestern Mexico is 
particularly evidenced by distributional patterns of bats ( Koopman, 
1961), but no attempt has been made previously to document the 
occurrence and distribution of Sinaloan Chiroptera on a state-wide 
basis. In the period 1950 to 1968, field parties and representatives 
from the Museum of Natural History at The University of Kansas 
collected mammals in Sinaloa, and this report is based on specimens 
thus obtained, some material in other museums, and a perusal of the 
pertinent literature. 
To date, 44 species of bats have been taken in Sinaloa. Two 
additional species, Eiimops undericoodi and Tadarida aurispinosa, 
are known in western Mexico from both north and south of the 
state, and likely will be found there. Furthermore, certain other 
Neotropical species, such as Mijotis nigricans and Micronycteris 
sylvestris, have been recorded from as far north as central Nayarit, 
and may occur in suitable habitats in southern Sinaloa. 
1 Dean, Graduate School, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, and Associate 
in Mammalogy, Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 
2 Assistant Professor, Division of Biological Sciences, Fort Hays Kansas 
State College, Hays, Kansas. 
3 Curatorial Assistant, Division of Mammals, Museum of Natural History, 
University of Kansas. 
OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
106 
-27 
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-26 
23 
.33 
Scale 
^45 ••43*-l: 
o\ 
KILOMETERS 
109 
108 
107 
25 
24 
23 
Fig. 1. — Map of Sinaloa showing location of place-names used in this re- 
port. From north to south, these are: 1, El Cajon; 2, Vaca; 3, ChoLx; 4, El 
Fuerte; 5, Chinobampo; 6, San Bias; 7, El Carrizo; 8, Zaragosa; 9, San Miguel; 
10, Bacubirito; 11, Sinaloa; 12, Los Mochis; 13, Topolobampo; 14, Alisos; 
15, San Benito; 16, Guamuchil; 17, Badiraguato; 18, Terrero; 19, Pericos; 
20, Culiacan; 21, Presa Sanalona; 22, Navolato; 23, Aguacaliente; 24, Casa 
Blanca; 25, El Molino; 26, Cosala; 27, El Dorado; 28, Elota; 29, San Ignacio; 
30, La Cruz; 31, Camino Real and Piaxtla (one symbol); 32, San Juan; 
33, Palmito (Palmarito); 34, Santa Lucia; 35, Panuco; 36, Copala; 37, Con- 
cordia; 38, Villa Union (including Presidio); 39, Mazatlan; 40, Chele; 41, 
Cacalotan; 42, Matatan; 43, Plomosas; 44, Rosario; 45, Isla Palmito de la 
Virgen; 46, Escuinapa; 47, Palmito, Isla Palmito del Verde; 48, Teacapan, 
Isla Palmito del Verde; 49, Concepcion. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 3 
This is the second in a series of pubHcations intended eventually 
to encompass the entire mammalian fauna of Sinaloa. A useful 
summary of the environment of the state was provided by Hardy 
and McDiarmid ( 1969 ) in their report on the herpetofauna. Addi- 
tional commentary as relates to mammals has been published by 
Armstrong and Jones (1971), Birney and Jones (1971), Dunnigan 
(1967), and Koopman (1961). An analysis of zoogeographie rela- 
tionships of the mammalian fauna of Sinaloa will appear later. 
Measurements and weights, given where appropriate in the fol- 
lowing accounts, are in millimeters and grams, respectively. The 
arrangement of localities in lists of specimens examined and addi- 
tional records is from north to south. Location of place-names 
mentioned in text is shown on Fig. 1. Gordon B. Corbet and J. E. 
Hill of the British Museum (Natural History), A. M. Husson of 
the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historic in Leiden, and Robert 
J. Baker of Texas Tech University allowed us to study Sinaloan 
bats in their charge. The majority of the specimens examined 
(those without institutional designation) are in the collection of 
The University of Kansas Museum of Natural History. We are 
grateful to the many persons from the Museum who participated 
in field studies in Sinaloa, particularly J. R. Alcorn, P. L. Clifton, 
and M. R. Lee, under permits granted by the Direccion General de 
la Fauna Silvestre de Mexico. Field work was supported princi- 
pally by the Kansas University Endowment Association and a con- 
tract (DA-49-193-MD-2215) with the U.S. Army Medical Research 
and Development Command. We are indebted also to Hugh H. 
Genoways and R. Laurie Hendricksen for their considerable aid 
in readying this report for publication. 
ACCOUNTS OF SPECIES 
Family Emballonuridae 
Balantiopteryx plicata plicata Peters, 1867 
Specimens examined (162).— 10 km S, 38 km E Sinaloa, 800 ft, 2; 20 km 
N, 5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 14; 1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 750 ft, 3; 17 mi 
SSE Guamuchil, 1; 4 mi N Terrero, 2; 1 mi S Pericos, 3; 2 mi E Aguacaliente, 
800 ft, 10; 32 mi SSE Culiacan, 1; San Ignacio, 700 ft, 7; 0.5 mi E Piaxtla, 
1; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 8; 2.5 km E Santa Lucia, 3200 ft, 31; Panuco, 2050 
ft, 13; 2.5 mi NE Concordia, 3; 5 mi NW Mazatlan, 29; Mazatlan, 2 ( Leiden 
Mus.); 1 mi SE Mazatlan, 10 ft, 16; Isla Palmito de la Virgen, 15 ft, 2; 
0.5 mi W Rosario, 100 ft, 3; 5 mi SSE Rosario, 2; Tatemales, near Rosario, 
6 (BM); 10 mi SE Escuinapa, 1; N end Isla Palmito del Verde, 10 ft, 2. 
Additional records (Villa-R., 1967:152, unless otherwise noted). — [Cueva 
de] la Chinacatera, Monte Largo, 23 km W Pericos; Mazatlan (Sanborn, 1937: 
352); "cerro El Faro, Mazatlan"; "Cueva de Don Cristino," [ca.] 20 km E 
Mazatlan; "34 mi (54.4 km) [direction not given] Mazatlan"; Rosario (Koop- 
man, 1961:536); Escuinapa (J. A. Allen, 1906:235). 
4 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Table 1. — Selected measurements of two subspecies of Balantiopteryx plicata 
from Sinaloa. 
Superscript numbers indicate fewer specimens averaged than listed in 
left-hand margin. 
^g 1^ ^^ -^o ^g -^^ ^ J5 g 
Number averaged I I | || f^ || || ll ||| 
and sex j <£ O ^ -^ N ^ Oho m_Q S^ JS2 
Balantiopteryx plicata plicata, 5 mi NW Mazatlan 
Average (10c5)-41.0 14.13 g.p 3.4 7.2 8.4 5.4 
Minimum 40.0 13.8 9.0 3.3 7.0 8.1 5.3 
Maximum 42.1 14.4 9.3 3.5 7.3 8.6 5.5 
Average (12 5)- 42.2 14.5^ 9.2 3.3 7.0 8.3 5.4 
Minimum 41.0 14.2 8.8 3.1 6.7 8.0 5.3 
Maximum 43.5 14.8 9.4 3.5 7.2 8.6 5.6 
Balantiopteryx plicata pallida, 10 mi NNW Los Mochis 
Average (7 5)--39.6 13.4 8.5 3.3 6.8 7.8 5.1 
Minimum 38.0 13.0 8.3 3.0 6.5 7.5 5.0 
Maximum 40.4 13.8 8.7 3.5 7.0 8.0 5.4 
Average (10 5).. 41.0 13.7 8.6 3.1 6.8 7.8 5.2 
Minimum .......... 39.4 13.4 8.5 2.9 6.5 7.6 5.0 
Maximum 42.5 13.8 8.9 3.4 7.0 8.0 5.3 
Specimens herein assigned to the subspecies B. p. plicata aver- 
age significantly larger ( Table 1 ) and have darker ( usually brown- 
ish rather than gray) and more luxuriant pelage than do specimens 
assigned to B. p. pallida. Bats labeled with reference to Santa 
Lucia and Culiacan resemble those from the vicinity of Mazatlan 
but have paler pelage. Specimens from 4 mi N Terrero, 1 mi S 
Pericos, and 17 mi SSE Guamuchil are intergrades (slightly nearer 
plicata in size) between the two subspecies. Those listed with 
reference to Sinaloa and Badiraguato also are intergrades; their 
pelage is paler than that of most other plicata, but they are provi- 
sionally referred to that subspecies because they most closely ap- 
proach typical specimens in cranial features. 
The series from 5 mi NW Mazatlan was collected in an old 
mine in the side of a cliff facing the sea. Some of the specimens 
from near Santa Lucia also were taken in a mine. Most other speci- 
mens in our collection were shot or netted. Ten males and 12 
females from the vicinity of Mazatlan had an average weight of 
5.2 (5.0-6.0) and 5.6 (4.5-6.5) gms, respectively. 
Six females taken in June carried embryos (crown-rump length 
12 to 16 mm), as did three obtained in July (crown-rump length 
21 to 23 mm). 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 5 
Balantiopteryx plica ta pallida Burt, 1948 
Specimens examined (48). — 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 2; 2 mi N San Bias, 
50 ft, 4; 3 mi NE San Miguel, 300 ft, 5; 10 mi NNW Los Mochis, 32; 1.5 mi 
NW Topolobampo, 10 ft, 5. 
The pelage of the specimens from 1.5 mi NW Topolobampo is 
as darkly pigmented as that of individuals of the subspecies plicata 
from southern Sinaloa, but cranial dimensions clearly show their 
affinities to be with the subspecies pallida. 
Some specimens from 10 mi NNW Los Mochis were collected 
in shallow caves, whereas those from 1.5 mi NW Topolobampo were 
removed from cracks in the ceiling of a rocky hollow near the 
coast. Other bats in our collection were shot as they foraged. Eight 
females collected in early June were pregnant, containing embryos 
having crown-rump lengths of 11-15 mm. 
Family NocTmioNmAE 
Noctilio leporinus mexicanus Goldman, 1915 
Specimens examined (13). — San Benito, 400 ft, 1; 1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 
750 ft, 1; Isla Palmito de la Virgen, 15 ft, 11. 
Additional record. — Chele, 400 ft (Koopman, 1961:536). 
Specimens of the big fish-eating bat from Isla Palmito de la 
Virgen were caught in a mist net over a small, freshwater pond 
where terns had been observed feeding during the day. The one 
specimen from San Benito, which constitutes the northernmost 
record of the species, was netted over the middle of a wide (30 feet) 
but shallow part of the Rio Mocorito, and the one from north of 
Badiraguato also was netted over a stream. 
Three of seven females taken in mid-June were lactating, and 
three males had testes ranging in length from 5 to 10 mm. 
Family CuiLONYCTERmAE 
Pteronotus parnellii mexicanus (Miller, 1902) 
Specimens examined (111).— 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 1; 20 km N, 
5 km E Bardiraguato, 1800 ft, 1; 7 mi ENE Presa Sanalona, 600 ft, 1; 4 
mi S Casa Blanca, 1200 ft, 1; 3 mi SE Camino Real, 500 ft, 35; 1 mi E 
Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, 2; 1.5 km S Santa Lucia, 3200 ft, 14; Panuco, 2050 ft, 
44; 1.5 km W Copala, 1400 ft, 4; 2.5 mi NE Concordia, 1; 12 km N Villa 
Union, 400 ft, 3; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 3; 0.5 mi S Concepcion, 
250 ft, 1. 
Additional records. — Monte Largo, ca. 14 mi W Pericos ( Constantine, 1959: 
442 — also reported as Cueva de la Chinacatera, 60 km NW Culiacan by 
Villa-R., 1967:176); Rio Piaxtla (on Mexican Highway 15 at Camino Real) 
(Baker, 1967:426); Hda. Chele, 300 ft, 15 mi N Rosario (Hooper, 1955:8). 
Parnell's mustached bat occurs throughout the length of Sinaloa 
at low to moderate elevations. Most of our specimens were ob- 
tained in or near caves or mines; an estimated 800 were discovered 
6 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
in an old gold mine 3 mi SE Camino Real, where they were associ- 
ated with Glossophaga soricina leachii, Macrotus tuaterhoiisii biil- 
leri, and Desmoclus rotundus miirinus. 
One female taken in May carried an embryo that was 17 mm in 
crown-rump length, one captured in June was pregnant (embryo 
30 mm), and another obtained at the same time had recently given 
birth and was lactating. Three females taken in July evidenced 
lactation. 
Pteronotus psilotis (Dobson, 1878) 
Specimens examined (19). — 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 2; 1 mi S, 6 mi 
E El Carrizo, 3; La Cruz, 30 ft, 1; 1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 750 ft, 6; 1 mi 
W Matatan, 2; Isla Palmito de la Virgen, 15 ft, 1; 0.5 mi S Concepcion, 250 
ft, 4. 
Additional record. — Cueva de la Chinacatera, 23 km W Pericos (Baker 
and Christiansen, 1966:311). 
Our specimens were netted or shot as they Hew over water 
courses, mostly in otherwise relatively xeric habitats. A female 
caught in June on Isla Palmito de la Virgen contained an embryo 
that had a crown-rump length of 17 mm. 
Pteronotus davyi fulvus (Thomas, 1892) 
Specimens examined (47). — 1 mi E Sinaloa, 180 ft, 1; 1 mi S, 6 mi E 
El Carrizo, 5; San Juan, 8 mi SE San Ignacio, 1; 1 mi E Santa Lucia, 3650 
ft, 1; Panuco, 2050 ft, 36; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 4000 ft, 1; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 
800 ft, 2. 
Additional records. — [Cueva de] la Chinacatera, Monte Largo, 23 km W 
Pericos (Villa-R., 1967:181); Escuinapa (J. A. Allen, 1906:236). 
Specimens of Davy's naked-backed bat were collected at Panuco 
by natives, who found them in small mines. The remainder of our 
series was netted or shot near ponds or rivers. One female ob- 
tained 1 mi E Santa Lucia on 22 June 1955 carried an embryo 21 
mm in crown-rump length. 
Mormoops megalophylla megalophylla Peters, 1864 
Specimens examined (39). — 1 mi E Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, 1; 1.5 km S 
Santa Lucia, 3200 ft, 6; Panuco, 29; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 4000 ft, 2; 0.5 mi 
W Rosario, 100 ft, 1. 
Additional record. — Rosario (Davis and Carter, 1962a: 66). 
Most of our specimens of Mormoops were collected in mines 
where they usually clustered as far as possible from the entrance. 
At both Panuco and Santa Lucia, this bat was taken in mines con- 
taining standing water. Other specimens listed herein were netted. 
The species no doubt is widely distributed in suitable habitats in 
Sinaloa, even though all of our records are from the southern part 
of the state. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 7 
Davis and Carter (1962a: 66) assigned Sinaloan representatives 
of M. megalophyUa to the subspecies M. m. riifescens. However, 
pending publication of a revision of the genus by J. D. Smith, we 
follow Villa-R. (1967:187-189) in recognizing only one subspecies 
in Mexico. 
Family Phyllostomatidae 
Macrotus waterhousii bulleri H. Allen, 1890 
Specimens examined (50). — 3 mi SE Camino Real, 500 ft, 1; 6 mi W 
Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, I; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 4; 1 km NE Panuco, 2700 
ft, 13; Panuco, 2050 ft, 31. 
Additional record. — Copala (Anderson and Nelson, 1965:31). 
The subspecies bulleri reaches the northern limit of its distribu- 
tion in Sinaloa. Intergradation between bulleri and the more 
northerly subspecies californicus no doubt will be demonstrated 
in north-central Sinaloa when material is available from that area. 
Most of our specimens of this species were collected in caves or 
abandoned mines, but a few were netted over streams, ponds, or 
roads, or brought in by natives. Lactating females and young of 
the year were taken in July. 
Macrotus waterhousii californicus Baird, 1859 
Specimens examined (36). — 13 km NNE Vaca, 130Q ft, 1; 1 mi S, 6 mi 
E EI Carrizo, 1; 12 mi N, 3 mi W Los Mochis, 34. 
This subspecies is known in Sinaloa only from the northern 
part of the state, south to the drainage basin of the Rio del Fuerte. 
Macrotus w. californicus differs from M. lo. bulleri of the southern 
part of Sinaloa principally in having larger ears and bullae, a 
narrower interorbital region, and paler coloration (Anderson and 
Nelson, 1965). 
Glossophaga commissarisi Gardner, 1962 
Specimens examined (9). — 20 km N, 5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 4; 
Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 5. 
Our Sinaloan specimens of this long-tongued bat, all females, 
represent the northernmost known locality for the species; the 
previous northernmost records are from southern Durango (Baker 
and Greer, 1962:67) and central Nayarit (Villa-R., 1964:388). The 
series from Santa Lucia was obtained by natives in a cave; bats 
from northeast of Badiraguato were netted over a large stream. 
Each of four females taken on 27 January was gravid with a single 
embryo (6.5-10 mm in crown-rump length), whereas only one of 
five taken at Santa Lucia on 14 July was pregnant ( embryo 8 mm 
in length ) . 
Glossophaga commissarisi markedly resembles its congener G. 
soricina in size and other external features, and the two frequently 
8 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Table 2. — Selected measurements of two species of Glossophaga from Sinaloa. 
C J, .i-t 
XT . 1 ^ P ^ — « ^ 
Number averaged, "Zi c i -c 's S ^ 
or catalogue s .o; ^ ^^- m 2 
number, and sex j ^2 O -5 "^ c^i 
Glossophaga commissarisi 
KU 94744, 9 34.9 20.5 9.6 
KU 96461, 5 35.7 21.2 9.7 
KU 96463, 5 35.4 21.0 9.4 
Glossophaga soricina leachii 
Average, 10 (19, 9 5 )._.. 35.1 21.4 9.5 
Minimum - 34.0 20.7 9.0 
Maximum 36.2 22.0 10.0 
are difficult to distinguish in the field. A number of subtle cranial 
characters serve to distinguish the two, however; the most trenchant 
are: first upper incisors less procumbent in commissarisi and the 
two pairs nearly the same size (inner pair noticeably larger than 
outer teeth in soricina); premaxillary more or less evenly rounded 
anteriorly in commissarisi, not attenuate; lower incisors usually 
small and peglike in commissarisi, with evident space between 
middle pair and frequently between all teeth (usually robust and 
filling the gap between the canines in soricina); presphenoid ridge 
flattened subterminally in commissarisi. Comparative measure- 
ments of Sinaloan specimens of the two species are given in table 2. 
Glossophaga soricina leachii (Gray, 1844) 
Specimens examined (299).— 18 km NNE Choix, 1; 16 mi NNE Choix, 
1700 ft, 16; 0.5 mi E El Cajon, 1800 ft, 4; 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 2; 6 km 
E El Fuerte, 400 ft, 2; 6 km SW San Bias, 30 ft, 2; 1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 
750 ft, 3; Cosala, 1300 ft, 1; 6 km E Cosala, 1500 ft, 3; El Dorado, 13; 1 
mi S El Dorado, 1; La Cruz, 30 ft, 8; San Ignacio, 700 ft, 5; San Juan, 2; 
Piaxtla, 100 ft, 1; 3 mi SE Camino Real, 500 ft, 93; 6 mi W Santa Lucia, 
3650 ft, 1; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 31; 2.5 km E Santa Lucia, 3200 ft, 3; 1 
km NE Panuco, 2700 ft, 2; Panuco, 2050 ft, 23; 1.5 km W Copala, 1400 
ft, 9; Copala, 1; 12 km N Villa Union, 400 ft, 4; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 
ft, 6; 5 mi NW Mazatlan, 1; 1 mi SE Mazatlan, 10 ft, 1; Matatan, 550 ft, 
5; Plomosas, 2500 ft, 19; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 7; 4 mi N Rosario, 9; 
0.5 mi W Rosario, 15; N end Isla Palmito del Verde, 5. 
Additional records. — El Molino (Koopman, 1961:536); Rio Piaxtla (on 
Mexican Highway 15 at Camino Real) (Baker, 1967:427); 8 mi (by road) 
N Mazatlan (Ingles, 1959:382); 3-4 mi N Mazatlan (Villa-R., 1967:231); 
Rosario (Koopman, 1961:536); 8 mi SE Rosario (Koopman, 1961:536); 
Escuinapa (J. A. Allen, 1906:236). 
Pallas' long-tongued bat is one of the commonest and most 
widespread Neotropical species in Sinaloa, occurring the length 
of the state at low and moderate elevations. From at least the 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 9 
vicinity of El Molino and El Dorado sonthward, G. soricina oc- 
cupies suitable habitat from sea level to about 3600 feet along 
streams on the Pacific slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental. Farther 
north, the species seemingly avoids arid coastal areas, but is known 
from a number of localities along the Rio del Fuerte and its tribu- 
taries above San Bias. 
Many of our specimens were trapped or shot in mines and 
caves; others were taken in mist nets in a variety of situations, 
mostly over water. Gravid females have been taken in the months 
of March, May, and August through January. 
Anoura geoffroyi lasiopyga (Peters, 1868) 
Specimens examined (16). — 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 1; 1 km NE 
Santa Lucia, 3700 ft, 1; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 12; 1.5 km S Santa Lucia, 3200 
ft, 1; Matatan, 550 ft, 1. 
This species first was reported from Sinaloa by Jones ( 1964:510). 
The bat from 12 mi NE San Benito represents the northernmost 
record in western Mexico. Most of our specimens were captured 
in mist nets set in mango or banana groves; one was netted over 
a small stream, and another (from Matatan) was taken in a mine 
tunnel. 
None of six females taken in July was reproductively active. 
Testes of a male captured on 25 June were 1.5 mm in length, 
whereas those of two taken in mid-July each measured 6 mm. 
Choeronycteris mexicana Tschudi, 1844 
Specimens examined (14). — 18 km NNE ChoLx, 1; 16 km NNE Choix, 
1700 ft, 2; 1 mi S El Cajon, 1800 ft, 1; 12 mi N, 4 mi W Los Mochis, 2; 
10 km S, 38 km E Sinaloa, 800 ft, 3; 20 km N, 5 km E Badiiaguato, 1800 
ft, 2; La Cruz, 30 ft, 1; Panuco, 2050 ft, 2. 
Additional record. — 6 mi E Santa Lucia (Schaldach and McLaughlin, 
1960:8). 
This long-tongued species is widely distributed at low to mod- 
erate elevations throughout western Sinaloa but evidently is no- 
where especially common. All bats at hand are from elevations of 
1800 feet or less, and C. mexicana may not occur regularly at higher 
elevations in the eastern part of the state. The specimen reported 
by Schaldach and McLaughlin (1960:8), however, probably is from 
an area above 3000 feet in elevation, suggesting that some indi- 
viduals occur in major river valleys to the border of Durango and 
beyond. 
Many of our specimens were obtained in caves, but others were 
netted over streams, arroyos, or roads. The only pregnant female 
was taken 1 mi S El Cajon on 11 February 1965 (embryo 14 mm 
in crown-rump length ) . 
10 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Choeroniscus godmani (Thomas, 1903) 
The one specimen, a pregnant female from San Ignacio, 700 feet, 
reported by Jones (1964:510), remains the only Sinaloan record of 
this relatively rare glossophagine. It was captured by P. L. Clifton 
on the night of 18-19 July 1962 in a mist net over a small, fig-lined 
creek. 
Leptonycteris nivalis (Saussure, 1860) 
This long-nosed bat is known from Sinaloa only by two females 
collected "in the pine-oak zone" 10.3 mi (by road) W Palmito 
[Palmarito], 6000 feet, on 18 February 1964 (Baker and Cockrum, 
1966:330). Means by which L. nivalis can be distinguished from 
the commoner and more widely distributed (in western Mexico) 
L. sanhorni have been enumerated by Davis and Carter (1962b: 
194-197), Phillips et al. (1969:1368-1369), and Jones and Genoways 
(1970:14-15). 
Leptonycteris sanhorni Hoffmeister, 1957 
Specimens examined (42).— 6 km SW San Bias, 30 ft, 3; 1 mi N, 0.5 
mi E San Miguel, 1; 1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 750 ft, 1; El Dorado, 8; 2 mi 
E Aguacaliente, 800 ft, 1; La Cruz, 30 ft, 3; San Ignacio, 700 ft, 1; Panuco, 
2050 ft, 19; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 ft, 1; Matatan, 550 ft, 4. 
Additional records. — Elota (Baker and Cockrum, 1966:329); Escuinapa 
(Hoffmeister, 1957:457). 
Leptonycteris sanhorni occurs at low to moderate elevations 
throughout Sinaloa. Panuco, at 2050 feet, is the highest altitude in 
the state from which specimens thus far have been reported. Baker 
and Cockrum (1966:330), who recorded the only known repre- 
sentatives of Leptonycteris nivalis from Sinaloa, believed sanhorni 
and nivalis to be "ecologically isolated," with the latter occurring 
at higher elevations than the former. Many of our specimens of 
sanhorni were taken in mist nets set over streams or in banana or 
mango groves. Some were captured in abandoned mines, and one 
from 8 km N Villa Union was taken in a road culvert. 
The only pregnant females in our material are one taken near 
Aguacaliente on 21 February (crown-rump length of embryo 17 
mm ) , one from La Cruz in early July ( embryo 17 mm ) , and a third 
from El Dorado on 13 November (embryo 20 mm). Adult males 
had testes 2 mm in length in October (two) and November (one), 
and 4 mm in June ( three ) . 
Stumira lilium parvidens Goldman, 1917 
Specimens examined (60). — 1 mi S El Cajon, 1800 ft, 1; 13 km NNE 
Vaca, 1300 ft, 2; 6 km SW San Bias, 30 ft, 5; 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 
ft, 4; 20 km N, 5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 15; 7 mi ENE Presa Sanalona, 
600 ft, 4; 2 km E Aguacaliente, 800 ft, 1; 32 mi SSE Culiacan, 1; 1 mi 
S El Dorado, 1; La Cruz, 30 ft, 4; San Ignacio, 700 ft, 3; 1 mi E Santa 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 11 
Lucia, 3650 ft, 10; Panuco, 2050 ft, 4; 12 km N Villa Union, 400 ft, 1; 
Plomosas, 2500 ft, 1; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 3. 
Additional record. — Elota (Cockrum and Bradshaw, 1963:6). 
Most Sinaloan specimens of this species were captured in mist 
nets set over creeks or arroyos. Sturnira lilium occupies low tropical 
habitats in the state where fruits are available throughout the year. 
At elevations above 2000 feet, this species occurs primarily in the 
vicinity of water courses and the tropical deciduous forest asso- 
ciated with them; 3650 feet is the highest elevation from which 
S. lilium is known in the state. 
Pregnant females were taken in May ( embryo 28 mm in crown- 
rump length), June (embryo 8 mm), and August (two, embryos 
25 and 27 mm). Two bats netted in June were noted as lactating 
by the collector, and one taken in November had enlarged mammae, 
indicating past or present lactation. 
Sturnira ludovici occidentalis Jones and Phillips, 1964 
Specimens examined (6). — 5 km SW Palmito [Palmarito], 6100 ft, 2; 
Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 3; Plomosas, 2500 ft, 1 (the holotype). 
Sinaloan specimens of this species were caught in nets set near 
orchards around which the dominant vegetation consisted of oak 
or pine. Although S. ludovici has been taken sympatrically with 
S. lilium at one locality (the type locality of occidentalis — see Jones 
and Phillips, 1964:478, 480) in Sinaloa, the two species generally 
seem to be separated ecologically; S. ludovici dwells near sources 
of fruit at elevations where oak and even pine predominate, whereas 
S. lilium prefers tropical lowlands. 
Selected measurements of the holotype, a female, followed by 
those of two males from Santa Lucia and one from 5 km SW 
Palmito, respectively, are: length of forearm, 42.5, 42.3, 43.5, 44.4 
mm; greatest length of skull, 22.0, 22.7, 23.1, 23.5 mm; zygomatic 
breadth, 12.5, 13.1, 13.4, 13.5 mm; mastoid breadth, 11.4, 11.5, 11.9, 
11.8 mm; postorbital constriction, 5.3, 5.8, 5.8, 6.0 mm; length of 
maxillary toothrow, 6.1, 6.3, 6.5, 6.5 mm. The three males weighed 
19.6, 22.4, and 22.0 gms, respectively. The specimen listed last, 
taken on 17 July, had testes 4.5 mm long. 
Artibeus aztecus aztecus Andersen, 1906 
Specimens examined (45). — 5 km SW Palmito [Palmarito], 6100 ft, 2; 
Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 34; 2.5 km E Santa Lucia, 3200 ft, 9. 
Additional records. — Rancho Batel, 5 mi NE Santa Lucia, 5200 ft (Koop- 
man, 1961:536); near Santa Lucia (Davis, 1969:22). 
The Aztec fruit-eating bat, first reported from Sinaloa by Koop- 
man (1961:536), is known from several localities at relatively high 
12 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Table 3. — Comparative measurements of selected adult specimens of six species 
of Artiheus from Sinaloa. 
Weights do not include those of pregnant females. Superscript numbers indi- 
cate fewer specimens averaged than listed in the left-hand margin. 
o 4^ ^ -5 ^ .in 'Z! c ?>. > .1=1 
^ 03 O 
Number averaged c^ Sf-^ bcg JSS ^S g-<-S 'Z % 
and sex J ^ O -5> -i^ ^^ S ^ iS 8 J £ S ^ 
M 
Artiheus aztecus aztecus 
Average (10 5, 59). 44.1 21.9 12.8 11.4 5.6 7.0 21.4 
Minimum 43.2 21.4 12.4 10.8 5.3 6.7 17.8 
Maximum 45.8 22.4 13.2 12.1 6.2 7.3 26.0 
Artiheus hirsutus 
Average (5 5, 59 )- 54.3 26.7'^ 16.3 13.9« 6.7 9.7 33.3 
Minimum 53.2 26.2 16.0 13.5 6.5 9.5 28.4 
Maximum 55.5 27.0 16.8 14.5 7.2 9.9 39.0 
Artiheus jamaicensis triomyhis 
Average ( 5 <5 , 5 9 ) - 55.6 27.1 17.0 14.2^ 6.8 9.6 38.1 
Minimum 54.4 26.2 16.5 13.8 6.7 9.4 27.0 
Maximum 57.7 27.9 17.4 14.5 6.9 9.9 45.3 
Artiheus lituratus palmarum 
Average (5 5, 5 9 )— 65.2 28.9 18.3 15.9 6.5 10.2 56.6 
Minimum 63.0 28.3 17.8 15.5 6.2 10.0 43.5 
Maximum 68.0 29.5 18.9 16.5 6.8 10.4 69.0 
Art:iheus phaeotis nanus 
Average (55, 59) - 36.9 18.6 11.6 10.0 4.6 5.9 lO.K' 
Minimum 35.5 17.7 11.2 9.4 4.2 5.7 8.1 
Maximum 38.5 19.0 11.8 10.2 4.8 6.1 11.5 
Artiheus toltecus hesperus 
Average (5 5, 59 )-- 39.6 20.2 12.1 10.7 5.0 6.6 14.8 
Minimum 38.6 19.7 11.9 10.6 4.7 6.4 12.4 
Maximum 41.0 20.5 12.4 11.0 5.2 7.0 16.7 
elevations (3200 to 6100 feet) in the southern part of the state. In 
the vicinity of Santa Lucia, A. aztecus has been taken with four 
other species of the genus (hirsutus, jamaicensis, lituratus, and tol- 
tecus). Jones (1964:512) published measurements of a series of 
aztecus from that locality ( Table 3 ) . 
Seventeen of 23 females, collected near Santa Lucia in the period 
14 to 28 July 1963, were pregnant; embryos ranged from 19 to 29 
mm in crown-rump length. Additionally, a pregnant female (em- 
bryo 26 mm) was taken southwest of Palmito on 17 July of the 
same year. Our specimens were netted in orchards or captured in 
mines by native collectors. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 13 
Artibeus hirsutus Andersen, 1906 
Specimens examined (22).— 3 mi NE EI Fuerte, 200 ft, 1; El Fuerte, 3; 
2 mi N San Bias, 50 ft, 1; 6 km SW San Bias, 30 ft, 10; 1 mi N Zaragoza, 
30 ft, 1; 6 km E Cosala, 1500 ft, 1; Santa Lucfa, 3600 ft, 4; Panuco, 2050 
ft, 1. 
Additional record.— Sinaloa de Leyva ( Villa-R., 1967:305). 
This medium-sized member of the genus occurs the length of 
Sinaloa in lowland areas; the highest recorded elevation of occur- 
rence in the state is 3600 feet. Most of our specimens were captured 
in mist nets over ponds or streams, or in mango groves. One from 
1 mi N Zaragoza was taken from a small cave in a rocky hillside 
where another individual and many Balantiopteryx plicata were 
observed. A specimen from 3 mi NE El Fuerte was shot as it sought 
food in a strangler fig. Artibeus hirsutus is the only one of the six 
species of the genus occurring in Sinaloa that does not reach its 
northern distributional limits in the state. 
Four of seven females collected on 6 August were pregnant 
(embryos 22-30 mm in crown-rump length); a fifth aborted a term 
fetus (forearm 17.8 mm), whereas one taken on 7 June was lac- 
tating. Two other females ( taken in July and December ) were not 
reproductively active. Two males taken in December and one in 
July each had testes 5 mm in length. 
Artibeus jamaicensis triomylus Handley, 1966 
Specimens examined (71).— 10 km S, 38 km E Sinaloa, 800 ft, 5; 12 mi 
NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 11; San Benito, 400 ft, 5; 20 km N, 5 km E 
Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 14; 1.5 km N Badiraguato, 750 ft, 1; 7 mi ENE Presa 
Sanalona, 600 ft, 3; 2 mi E Aguacaliente, 800 ft, 1; 32 mi SSE Culiacan, 
1; 1 mi S El Dorado, 1; 6 km E Cosala, 1500 ft, 6; La Cruz, 30 ft, 1; San 
Ignacio, 700 ft, 5; 0.5 mi E Piaxtla, 2; 1 km NE Santa Lucia, 3700 ft, 3; 
Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 1; 1 mi E Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, 1; 8 km N Villa Union, 
450 ft, 5; Plomosas, 2500 ft, 1; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 3; S end, Isia 
Palmito del Verde, 1. 
Additional records. —Sinaloa de Leyva (Villa-R., 1967:296); Rio Piaxtla 
(on Mexican Highway 15 at Camino Real) (Baker, 1967:427). 
The Jamaican fruit-eating bat is one of the commonest chirop- 
terans in areas of Sinaloa where fruits are available throughout the 
year. Most of our specimens were netted over streams lined with 
fruit trees or in orchards. At a village known locally as Cahuina- 
huato (between Tule and Mocorito at a place 10 km S, 38 km E 
Sinaloa), individuals of this species were seen emerging from a 
hollow limb of a fig tree. They foraged higher in the tree, some 
returning in approximately 10 minutes with cut green figs to the 
hollow. 
Pregnant females were collected in January, February, and 
April through July, and those in lactation were caught in Septem- 
14 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
ber and November. Five males had the followmg testicular lengths 
in the months listed: April (7 mm), July (5, 8, 8 mm), October 
( 6 mm ) . 
Handley (1966:299) indicated that 96.5 per cent of the speci- 
mens of A. j. triomijlus he examined from western Mexico had the 
M3 present in both maxillae. We found this tooth lacking ( on both 
sides) in only one of 30 skulls examined from Sinaloa. 
Artibeus lituratus palmarum J. A. Allen and Chapman, 1897 
Specimens examined (101).— 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 1; 20 km 
N, 5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 10; 12 mi NE Presa Sanalona, 600 ft, 3; 
7 mi ENE Presa Sanalona, 600 ft, 2; El Dorado, 12; 1 mi S El Dorado, 10; 
Cosala, 1300 ft, 3; 6 km E Cosala, 1500 ft, 4; San Juan, 8 mi SE San Ignacio, 
1; 1 km NE Santa Lucia, 3700 ft, 3; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 7; 2.5 km E Santa 
Lucia, 3200 ft, 5; 5 km SW Santa Lucia, 2150 ft, 2; Panuco, 2050 ft, 21; 
1 km S Panuco, 2600 ft, 9; 1.5 km W Copala, 1400 ft, 1; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 
4000 ft, 3; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 2; 6 mi NW Teacapan, 1; S end, 
Isla Palmito del Verde, 1. 
Additional record. — Rio Piaxtla (on Mexican Highway 15 at Camino Real) 
(Baker, 1967:427). 
Artibeus lituratus apparently reaches the northern limit of its 
range in northern Sinaloa. Like most other frugivorous bats, this 
species is restricted in distribution to areas in w^hich palatable 
fruits are available throughout the year. Most of our specimens 
were netted in orchards or over streams lined with fruit-bearing 
trees. 
Females carrying embryos were collected in February, April, 
June, and July, and females in lactation were caught in July and 
October. Thus, reproductive activity in Sinaloan representatives 
of this species seemingly parallels closely that of the related A. 
jamaicemis. Testes of six males taken in November had an average 
length of 6.1 (4-7.5) mm; those of two collected in June measured 
5 and 7 mm, whereas single males from January, July, and October 
had testes 4, 6, and 7 mm long, respectively. 
Artibeus phaeotis nanus Andersen, 1906 
Specimens examined (17). — San Ignacio, 700 ft, 1; La Cruz, 30 ft, 7; 
Panuco, 2050 ft, 1; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 ft, 5; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 
800 ft, 3. 
Additional records. — Rio Piaxtla ( on Mexican Highway 15 at Camino Real ) 
(Baker, 1967:428); Puerta de las Canoas, 11 mi N, 2.5 mi E Mazatlan 
(Davis, 1970:400); 5 mi SE Copala, 750 ft (Baker and Greer, 1962:70); 
Presidio (Andersen, 1908:310); Cacalotan (Koopman, 1961:536). 
This small fruit-eating bat inhabits the lowlands of southern 
Sinaloa, the northernmost records being from just south of the 
24th parallel at La Cruz, San Ignacio, and Camino Real. All of our 
specimens were trapped in mist nets over streams or among fruit 
trees. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 15 
Of five females in our series, four taken at La Cruz on 6 Jul\- 
1962 were pregnant (embryos 21-2S mm in crown-rump length), 
whereas one obtained on 15 October 1963 evinced no gross repro- 
ductive activity. A July-taken male had testes that measured 3 mm, 
and those of two collected in October measured 5.5 and 6 mm. 
Artibeus toltecus hesperus Davis, 1969 
Specimens examined (45).— 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 4; 20 km N, 
5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 18; 7 mi ENE Presa Sanalona, 600 ft, 2; San 
Ignacio, 700 ft, 1; San Juan, 8 mi SE San Ignacio, 2; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 
1; Panuco, 2050 ft, 3; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 ft, 6; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 
4000 ft, 6; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 2. 
Additional records. — Escuinapa (J. A. Allen, 1906:237 — see Koopman, 
1961:536); 2 mi NW Palmito (Davis, 1969:26— we do not know to which 
of the several Palmitos in Sinaloa this name refers ) . 
Artibeus toltecus is a common inhabitant of lowlands in the 
southern half of Sinaloa and occurs northward along the base of 
the Sierra Madre Occidental at least as far as the vicinity of San 
Benito, the northernmost locality of record for the species. Alti- 
tudinally, A. toltecus is most widely distributed below 1000 feet, 
but has been taken in protected situations along water courses as 
high as 3600 feet at Santa Lucia and to 4000 feet southeast of 
Plomosas. All of our specimens were captured in mist nets, most 
often over water courses near wild fig trees, or in fruit groves. 
We have taken pregnant females in January, May, and October, 
and lactating females in May. Two males collected on 23 October 
1963 each had testes measuring 4 mm in length. Jones (1964:512) 
and Davis (1969:25) published measurements of Sinaloan speci- 
mens ( Table 3 ) . 
Chiroderma salvini scopaeum Handley, 1966 
Specimens examined (14). — 20 km N, 5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 1; 
1.5 mi N Badiraguato, 750 ft, 1; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 8; 1 mi E Santa 
Lucia, 3650 ft, 1; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 ft, 1; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 
800 ft, 2. 
All of the white-lined bats collected thus far in Sinaloa have 
been netted under deciduous canopies, frequently over water, and 
often in the vicinity of trees bearing ripe fruit. For instance, a net 
placed under a fig tree replete with ripe fruits on 26 January 1964, 
at a place 20 km N and 5 km E Badiraguato, yielded 51 bats of three 
genera [Artibeus, Chiroderma, and Sturnira) by 9:30 PM. 
A female obtained on 22 January contained one embryo that 
measured 4 mm in crown-rump length. Males taken in January, 
July, and October each had testes measuring 5 mm in length. Flying 
young were netted in early May and late July, 
16 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Centurio senex senex Gray, 1842 
Specimens examined (4). — 12 mi NE San Benito, 1000 ft, 2; 5 mi WSW 
Plomosas, 800 ft, 2. 
An adult male and female netted over a fig-lined stream at a 
place 12 mi NE San Benito on 22 November 1964 provide the 
northernmost locality for the wrinkle-faced bat in western Mexico. 
Two males (one immature, with one deciduous upper incisor still 
in place) were netted 5 mi WSW Plomosas on 4 May 1964 in an 
arroyo flanked by oak-covered hills. 
Selected measurements of a male and female from 12 mi NE 
San Benito, followed by those of an adult male from 5 mi WSW 
Plomosas, are, respectively: total length, 59, 59, 61; length of hind 
foot, 13, 13.5, 15; length of ear, 16, 15, 15; length of forearm, 42.6, 
41.2, 42.5; weight, 24.1, 16.4, 23.5; greatest length of skull, 18.9, 
19.0, 18.7; condylobasal length, 14.5, 14.8, 14.4; zygomatic breadth, 
14.6, 14.5, 14.5; length of maxillary toothrow, 4.6, 5.1, 5.0; breadth 
across upper molars, 10.2, 10.5, 10.6. 
Desmodus rotundas muiinus Wagner, 1840 
Specimens examined (54). — 16 km NNE Choix, 1700 ft, 7; 20 km N, 
5 km E Badiraguato, 1800 ft, 1; 6 km E CosaUi, 1500 ft, 1; 8 km SE Elota, 
250 ft, 3; 3 mi SE Camino Real, 500 ft, 8; 1 km NE Santa Lucia, 3700 ft, 
1; Santa Lucia, 3600 ft, 1; 1.5 km W Copala, 1400 ft, 4; 7.3 km SW Copala, 
1400 ft, 5; 5 mi NW Mazatkin, 2; 8 km N Villa Union, 450 ft, 8; Matatan, 
550 ft, 1; Plomosas, 2500 ft, 8; 5 mi WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 1; Teacapan, 
Isla Palmito del Verde, 3. 
Additional records.— 12 km NE Chinobampo (Villa-R., 1953:429); [Cueva 
de] la Chinacatera, Monte Largo, 23 km E Pericos (Villa-R., 1959:377); Elota 
(Villa-R., 1953:429). 
Sinaloan specimens of the vampire bat were removed from 
crevices in caves and mines or were netted over water. In March 
of 1961, for example, eight individuals were taken from an estimated 
35 or so roosting at the end of an abandoned tunnel of a gold 
mine near Camino Real; other bats inhabiting the tunnel included 
an estimated 600 Glossophaga soricina, 150 Ptcronotiis parnellii, and 
one Macrotus icaterhousii. 
Pregnant females were obtained only during the dry season. 
An individual carrying an embryo that measured 12 mm in crown- 
rump length was obtained in December, a female caught in January 
contained an embryo 15 mm long, one taken in March bore an 
embryo that measured 16 mm, and a female obtained in May 
carried a near-term fetus that measured 29 mm. 
Family Natalidae 
Natalus stramineus mexicanus Miller, 1902 
Specimens examined (132). — 1 mi SE El Cajon, 1800 ft, 4; Santa Lucia, 
3600 ft, 9; Panuco, 2050 ft, 55; 1.5 km W Copala, 1400 ft, 1; Copala, 8; 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 17 
5 mi NW Mazatlan, 26; Matatan, 550 ft, 6; Plomosas, 2500 ft, 17; 0.5 mi W 
Rosario, 100 ft, 6. 
Additional records. — Rosario (Koopman, 1961:536); Escuinapa (J. A. 
Allen, 1906:236). 
Most of the specimens of Natalus straiuineus in our collections 
were taken in abandoned mines. At a place 5 mi NW Mazatlan, 
for example, specimens were obtained from a horizontal tunnel 
in a rocky cliff facing the sea; funnel-eared bats were concentrated 
in the darkest part of the tunnel along with scattered clusters of 
Desmodus rotundus, whereas Balantioptenjx plicata was abundant 
near the entrance and several Glossophcu^a soricina were taken 
'elsewhere in the mine. Bats from Panuco were collected in an old 
gold-silver mine in which the atmosphere was notably hot and 
humid. Other species taken in the same mine, in approximate de- 
creasing order of abundance, included Ptcronotus parneUii, Mor- 
moops megalophyUa, Glossophaga soricina, and Macrotus tcater- 
housii. 
Koopman (1961:536-537) considered funnel-eared bats from 
southern Sinaloa to be intergrades between the subspecies N. s. 
mexicamis to the north and N. s. saturatus to the south (see also 
Goodwin, 1959:6-7). On the basis of characters listed by Goodwin 
(loc. cit.), we tentatively refer all our Sinaloan specimens to the 
subspecies mexicamis, realizing, however, the need for a thorough 
study of infraspecific variation in this species. Several authors have 
reported different color phases in N. stramineus, but our Sinaloan 
series suggests that such differences are due, in part at least, to 
"foxing" of the pelage and subsequent (annual) molt. Fresh adult 
pelage is pale tawny in color, replacing worn yellowish to orangish 
hairs dorsally, beginning over the shoulders and spreading both 
anteriorly and posteriorly. 
A female taken on 26 June 1962 contained an embryo that 
measured 15 mm in crown-rump length. One obtained on 15 July 
1963 was lactating. 
'&• 
Family Vespertilionidae 
Myotis californicus mexicanus (Saussure, 1860) 
Specimens examined (3). — 5 mi E Plomosas, 5500 ft, 2; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 
4000 ft, 1. 
Sinaloan specimens of this species were netted or shot in pine- 
oak forest. A female, taken on 30 April 1965, contained an embryo 
measuring 10 mm in crown-rump length. Measurements and 
weights of this and other species of Myotis that occur in the state 
were recorded by Jones et al. ( 1971 ) . 
18 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Myotis fortidens fortidens Miller and Allen, 1928 
Specimens examined (7).— Cosala, 1300 ft, 1; 6 km E Cosala, 1500 ft, 
3; Isla Palmito de la Virgen, 15 ft, 3. 
Additional record. — Escuinapa (Hall and Dalquest, 1950:583). 
At Cosala specimens were taken in mist nets over streams, 
whereas those from the barrier island of Palmito de la Virgen were 
caught, along with Noctilio leporinus and Rhogeessa parvula, in 
nets over a freshwater pond. Four of five females taken in June 
were pregnant, containing embryos measuring 4, 7, 10, and 12 mm 
in crown-rump length. 
Myotis fortidens sonoriensis Findley and Jones, 1967 
Our collections contain a single specimen of this large, rela- 
tively dark race of fortidens — from the Rio del Fuerte, 1 mi N and 
0.5 mi E San Miguel. Measurements of this specimen and of those 
of the preceding subspecies were recorded by Jones et al. ( 1971 ) . 
Myotis velifer velifer (J. A. Allen, 1890) 
Specimens examined (84). — 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 1; EI Fuerte, 150 
m, 2; Rio del Fuerte, 1 mi N, 0.5 mi E San Miguel, 1; 10 mi NNW Los 
Mochis, 1; La Cruz, 30 ft, 1; 1 km NE Santa Lucia, 3700 ft, 16; Santa 
Lucia, 3600 ft, 4; 1 mi E Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, 52; 1 km NE Panuco, 2700 
ft, 1; 7 mi ENE Plomosas, 6000 ft, 2; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 4000 ft, 3. 
Additional record. — Monte Largo, ca. 14 mi W Pericos ( Constantine, 
1959:442). 
The cave myotis is the most abundant and widely distributed 
vespertilionid in Sinaloa, where it occurs from coastal areas to at 
least 6000 feet in elevation and probably higher. Most of our 
specimens were captured in mist nets or shot in flight as they 
foraged. External and cranial measurements of a series from the 
vicinity of Santa Lucia were given by Jones et aJ. ( 1971 ) . 
Nineteen of 27 June-taken females from Sinaloa were pregnant 
and five were lactating; we took lactating females as late as 23 
July, when flying young of the year also were caught. Thirteen 
embryos from females taken in the vicinity of Santa Lucia in late 
June varied from 14 to 30 mm (average 20.2) in crown-rump 
length. 
Myotis yumanensis lutosus Miller and Allen, 1928 
Specimens examined (6). — 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 3; 6 km NE El Fuerte, 
150 m, 1; 2 mi E Aguacaliente, 800 ft, 1; Cosala, 1300 ft, 1. 
Sinaloan specimens of the Yuma myotis were netted or shot 
over streams bordered \\ith deciduous trees. In the vicinity of 
Vaca, the deciduous vegetation was replaced abruptly by thorn 
forest away from the tributaries of the Rio del Fuerte. A female 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 19 
from Cosala netted on 15 Jinie 1962 carried an embryo that meas- 
sured 14 mm in crown-rump length. 
Jones et al. ( 1971 ) commented on the taxonomic status of bats 
of this species in western Mexico and Hsted measurements of Sina- 
loan specimens. 
Pipistrellus hesperus hesperus (H. Allen, 1864) 
Specimens examined (5). — 6 km NE El Fuerte, 150 m, 1; 10 mi NNW 
Los Mochis, 3; 1 mi E Santa Lucia, 3650 ft, 1. 
Additional record. — 73 mi S Navajoa, Sonora (and 2 mi W Mexican 
Highway 15) ( Findley and Traut, 1970:760). 
Reasons for use of the subspecific name P. h. hesperus instead 
of P. h. australis for pipistrelles from western Mexico were given 
by Findley and Traut ( 1970 ) . Specimens labeled from El Fuerte 
and Los Mochis were shot as thev flew among trees along the Rio 
del Fuerte; most of the land beyond the deciduous border of the 
river was fenced and cultivated. The bat from 1 mi E Santa Lucia 
was netted over a small stream. 
Neither of two females taken in June from near Los Mochis was 
reproductively active, but a female ( in alcohol ) obtained northwest 
of El Fuerte on 13 June had enlarged mammae and presumably 
was lactatins;. 
'»■ 
Eptesicus fuscus miradorensis (H. Allen, 1866) 
Specimens examined (2). — 7 mi ENE Plomosas, 6000 ft, 1; 3 mi SE 
Plomosas, 4000 ft, 1. 
Additional records.— 30 mi SW El Salto [Durango], 2160 m (Villa-R., 
1967:402); 2 km W Palmito [Palmarito], 6000 ft (Irwin and Baker, 1967: 
195); 1 km W Palmito [Palmarito] (Baker and Patton, 1967:285). 
Subspecific identity of big brown bats from Sinaloa and the 
remainder of western Mexico is uncertain, and assignment here of 
Sinaloan specimens to E. f. miradoremis is tentative pending study 
of geographic variation throughout the range of the species. Speci- 
mens from Sinaloa are not notably different with respect to size 
or color than specimens at hand from Jalisco, Zacatecas, Guerrero, 
and Sonora, but are slightly paler than specimens from eastern 
Mexico — Nuevo Leon, Puebla, and Veracruz ( near the type locality 
of miradorensis). On the other hand, specimens from western 
Mexico that we have examined are conspicuously darker than 
typical Great Plains and Great Basin representatives of E. f. palli- 
diis, a subspecific name that frequently has been applied to popu- 
lations of E. fuscus in northwestern Mexico. 
One of our two specimens, both males, was shot as it foraged 
in pine-oak woods; the other was netted over a small, mountain 
20 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
stream in the pine-oak zone. All records of this bat from Sinaloa 
are from the mountainous eastern part of the state. 
Lasiurus borealis teliotis (H. Allen, 1891) 
Specimens examined (5). — 10 mi NNW Los Mochis, 1; 5 mi WSW 
Plomosas, 800 ft, 2; 3 mi SE Plomosas, 4000 ft, 1; Tatemales (near Rosario), 
1 (BM). 
Additional record. — 2 km W Palmito [Palmarito], 6000 ft (Irwin and 
Baker, 1967:195). 
The red bat apparently is relatively uncommon in Sinaloa. The 
earliest date on which a specimen has been taken in the state is 
1 February; other specimens of which we have record, all non- 
reproductive females (weights of three, 8.0, 7.7, and 6.9 gms), were 
obtained on 26 April, 4 and 5 May, and 1 and 8 June. It is not 
known whether red bats are migratory in western Mexico. 
Lasiurus cinereus cinereus (Palisot de Beauvois, 1796) 
A male netted 2 km W Palmito [Palmarito] at an elevation of 
6000 feet, on 1 February 1966 (Irwin and Baker, 1967:195; Baker 
and Patton, 1967:285), is the only hoary bat thus far reported 
from the state. The season of capture suggests that this species 
may be a winter resident in mountainous eastern Sinaloa. Possibly, 
too, some migrants pass through that part of the state in autumn 
and again in late winter or early spring. 
Lasiurus ega xanthinus (Thomas, 1897) 
Specimens examined (3). — 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 1; 1 mi S Pericos, 
1; Mazatlan, 1. 
Additional record. — Escuinapa (Handley, 1960:475). 
This yellow bat apparently is an uncommon resident of Sinaloa. 
A male from 0.5 mi SE Vaca was netted over a pool in the Rio 
del Fuerte. No precise data are available on the circumstances of 
capture of our other two specimens, one an adult female and the 
other an immature male ( 13 July ) . 
Lasiurus intermedins intermedius H. Allen, 1862 
A female, shot on 30 June 1962 from a coco palm 3 mi N Mazat- 
lan (Loomis and Jones, 1964:32), is the only northern yellow bat 
known from Sinaloa and the northernmost record for the species 
in western Mexico. This bat carried two embryos, each 2.5 mm in 
crown-rump length. 
Rhogeessa parvula parvula H. Allen, 1866 
Specimens examined (33). — 16 km NNE Choix, 1700 ft, 3; 1 mi S El 
Cajon, 1800 ft, 1; 6 km NE EI Fuerte, 150 m, 6; 1 mi E Sinaloa, 180 ft, 
1; 1 mi S, 6 mi E El Carrizo, 1; 7 mi ESE Presa Sanalona, 600 ft, 1; La 
Cruz, 30 ft, 3; 0.5 mi E Piaxtla, 6; 12 km N Villa Union, 400 ft, 1; 5 mi 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 21 
WSW Plomosas, 800 ft, 5; Isia Palniito de la Virgen, 15 ft, I; 2 mi E Palmito, 
10 ft, Isla Palmito del Verde, 4. 
Additional record. — El Molino (Koopman, 1961:537). 
Most of the specimens of this small bat in our collection were 
netted over ponds or streams. The species occurs the entire length 
of the state at low and moderate (up to ISOO feet) elevations, and 
reaches the northernmost limits of its range in western Mexico in 
adjacent southern Sonora. 
Four females taken in May each contained two embryos (6, 10, 
10, and 10 mm in crown-rump length). Two of seven females 
caught in June were gravid (twins, 10 and 13 mm in crown-rump 
length), whereas the remainder had enlarged mammae indicating 
past or present lactation; a female taken in July also had enlarged 
mammae. A male obtained on 30 October had testes 6 mm in 
length. 
Goodwin ( 1958 ) reviewed the taxonomy of the genus and listed 
selected measurements for specimens of R. p. parvtila from Sonora 
and Nayarit. Two Sinaloan males and a nonpregnant female 
weighed 3.3, 3.2, and 3.1 gms, respectively, whereas one of the 
pregnant females taken in May weighed 4.7 gms. 
Family Molossidae 
Tadarida brasiiiensis mexicaiia (Saussure, 1860) 
Specimens examined (59).— 0.5 mi SE Vaca, 650 ft, 3; El Fuerte, 150 
m, 47; 1 mi S, 6 mi E El Carrizo, 1; 13 mi ESE Badiraguato, 800 ft, 5; 
Pericos, 1; Mazatlan, 10 ft, 2. 
Additional reco;ds.— Bacubirito (Villa-R., 1967:442); 3 km N, 8 km W 
Topolobampo, 10 m (Davis and Loomis, 1971:453); Monte Largo, ca. 14 
mi W Pericos ( Constantine, 1959:442); Navolato (Villa-R. and Cockrum, 
1962:54); Culiacan ( Shamel, 1931:24); 2 km W Palmito [Palmarito], 6000 
ft (Irwin and Baker, 1967:195); Esquinapa (J. A. Allen, 1906:236). 
Aside from a series taken in June from El Fuerte and a female 
from Pericos that was obtained on 14 June 1954, free-tailed bats of 
this species were taken in Sinaloa only in the cold months ( Novem- 
ber through February). Specimens were obtained at El Fuerte in 
December and on 14-15 June. At the latter time, two males and 
26 females (25 of which were pregnant, with crown-rump lengths 
of embryos ranging from 16 to 32 mm) were removed from the 
attic of an old building. The large size of embryos suggests that 
this concentration may have represented an incipient maternity 
colony. No other such colonies have been reported from Sinaloa, 
however, and Cockrum (1969:310) reported that most pregnant 
females arrive at maternity roosts in Arizona a few days prior to 
parturition. 
22 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
A large number of crania of T. b. mexicana was found in owl 
pellets taken from a cave 1.5 mi NW Topolobampo. Remains of 
several T. femorosacca and one Macrotis ivaterhousii also were 
found in these pellets, along with those of numerous rodents. 
Tadarida femorosacca (Merriam, 1889) 
Specimens examined (15). — 1.5 mi NW Topolobampo, 10 ft, 6; Rosario, 
500 ft, 9. 
Additional records. — 3 km N, 8 km W Topolobampo, 10 m (Davis and 
Loomis, 1971:453); 4.3 km NW Topolobampo (Loomis and Webb, 1969:41). 
Six specimens from northwest of Topolobampo, all adult males, 
were shot on 18 December 1961 by P. L. Clifton and J. H. Bodley 
in a cave some 50 yards inland from the coastline of the Pacific 
Ocean. The cave was approximately 50 feet wide, 25 feet deep, 
and 15 feet high; it was open and light, with the bats clustered in 
narrow crevices in the ceiling. One other species (Balantiopterijx 
plicata) was taken in the cave, and droppings of fruit-eating bats 
were found on the floor and around the entrance. Clifton also 
found remains of T. femorosacca (see previous account) in owl 
pellets collected there. The specimens listed by Loomis and Webb 
(1969:41) may have been obtained in this same cave. The bats 
from Rosario ( six adult males and three adult females ) were taken 
in a church by natives on 22 June 1962. One of three females was 
pregnant ( crown-rump length of single embryo, 18 mm ) . 
Three species of the Tadarida laticaudata group — T. aurispinosa, 
T. femorosacca, and T. macrotis — are known from western Mexico. 
The two species listed last are on record from Sinaloa, and auri- 
spinosa undoubtedly occurs there because specimens are on record 
both from southern Sonora and from Nayarit. Of the three, macro- 
tis is the largest, aurispinosa is intermediate in size, and femoro- 
sacca is the smallest. In addition to the characters mentioned by 
Gardner (1963:43), femorosacca differs from aurispinosa in being 
smaller externally and cranially, in having smaller teeth, and in 
having a noticeably less inflated braincase (both dorsally and 
laterally) and rostral area. Also, all specimens of femorosacca 
examined by us are grayish brown dorsally, whereas those of auri- 
spinosa are a rich, dark brown; both species have white-based hairs. 
Cranial measurements of Sinaloan specimens of femorosacca and 
macrotis are given in table 4. Cranial measurements for aurispinosa 
were presented by Gardner ( 1963:42). 
Average and extreme external dimensions of six males from 1.5 
mi NW Topolobampo, those for five males from Rosario, and meas- 
urements of a single female from Rosario are, respectively, as fol- 
lows: total length, 105.5 (103-109), 103.8 (100-110), 108 mm; 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 
as 
Table 4. — Selected cranial measurements of Tadarida femorosacca and 
Tadarida macrotis from Sinaloa. 
to 
Number averaged 'Z '^ ^ .-t:; '-C ° J^ . ° b ^ 
or catalogue ^-g S^ g'C .^go -Sig --2 
number, and %-^ |g ^| g| ^g |x| 
sex 6"^ t^-S (2 8 m^ S^ JSI 
Tadarida macrotis, vicinity Plomosas 
KU 97087, $ -- 23.9 12.7 4.2 9.8 11.7 9.2 
KU 97090, $ -- 23.8 12.6 4.1 10.0 11.5 9.1 
KU 97091, $ - 24.3 12.7 4.0 10.4 11.7 9.0 
Tadarida femorosacca 
1.5 mi NW Topolobampo 
Average (4 5) -- 19.5 10.6 3.6 9.0 10.3 7.4 
Minimmn 19.3 10.5 3.4 8.8 10.2 7.3 
Maximum 19.8 10.8 3.7 9.3 10.5 7.5 
Rosario 
Average (5<5) 19.6 10.6 3.6 9.1 10.3 7.4 
Minimum 19.3 10.4 3.5 8.9 10.1 7.3 
Maximum 19.8 10.9 3.7 9.3 10.4 7.5 
KU 90762, $ -- 19.2 10.3 3.4 8.8 10.3 7.3 
length of tail, 37.S (34-42), 40.4 (37-44), 41 mm; length of hmd 
foot, 11.2 (11-12), 10.8 (10-11), 11 mm; length of ear, 23.0 (22-24), 
23.8 (23-24), 23 mm; length of forearm, 46.8 (45.6-47.8), 47.1 
(46.3-47.7), 48.7 mm; weight, 15.2 (13.0-18.0), 12.0 (11.5-13.5), 
14.5 gms. 
Tadarida macrotis (Gray, 1839) 
Specimens examined (5). — 3 mi SE Plomosas, 4000 ft, 1; 5 mi WSW 
Plomosas, 800 ft, 4. 
Specimens listed herein, all taken in early May of 1964, provide 
the first records for the big free-tailed bat in Sinaloa. At the first 
locality listed, a male was netted over a mountain stream in pine- 
oak forest. Specimens from the second locality, two males and two 
nonpregnant females, were netted in an arroyo. It seems likely that 
this species will be found elsewhere in the state at moderate ele- 
vations in areas along the western edge of the Sierra Madre Occi- 
dental. 
External measurements of three adult males are: total length, 
150, 124, 137 mm; length of tail, 59, 45, 52 mm; length of hind foot, 
13, 12.5, 13 mm; length of ear, 33, 31, 33 mm; length of forearm, 
61.8, 60.8, 62.2 mm; weight, 22.7, 20.2, 22.5 gms. Cranial measure- 
ments are given in the same order in table 4. The forearms of two 
females preserved in spirits measured 60.6 and 63.2 mm. 
24 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
Eumops perotis californicus (Merriam, 1890) 
A male, taken by Robert J. Baker and associates of Texas Tech 
University in a mist net at kilometer marker 1665 on Mexican 
Highway 15, a few miles south of the Sonoran border, provides the 
only record of the greater mastiff bat from Sinaloa. The series of 
nets in which this bat was captured were stretched across a pond 
that provided the water supply for local residents; Pteronotus 
parneUii, Rhogeessa parvula, and Tadarida brasiliensis were col- 
lected at the same place. 
Molossus ater nigricans Miller, 1902 
Specimens examined (30). — 1 mi S Peiicos, 2; 32 mi SSE Culiacan, 9; 
La Cruz, 30 ft, 2; 1 mi SE Camino Real, 400 ft, 7; 0.5 mi E Piaxtla, 1; 
Rosario, 1 (BM); Tatemales (near Rosario), 5 (BM); Palmito, Isla Palmito 
de la Virgeii, 20 ft, 3. 
This bat is widely distributed in lowlands of western Sinaloa, 
north at least to the vicinity of Pericos. As indicated by Jones et al. 
(1962:155), specimens listed from Camino Real and Piaxtla were 
obtained along the Rio Piaxtla at approximately the same place. 
A female from 32 mi SSE Culiacan, taken on 18 June, contained 
an embryo 18 mm in crown-rump length, whereas two obtained 
at La Cruz on 4 July carried embryos measuring 7 and 13 mm. 
Females collected on 1 March near Camino Real evidenced no 
reproductive activity; two males from this same place and date 
had testes 7 and 8 mm in length. 
Molossus molossus aztecus Saussure, 1860 
An individual reported by Gardner (1966:5) from Alisos is the 
only specimen of this small mastiff bat thus far reported from 
Sinaloa. 
Molossus sinaloae sinaloae J. A. Allen, 1906 
The holotype and paratype of M. s. sinaloae, from Escuinapa, 
remain the only specimens of this bat known from the state. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 25 
DISTRIBUTIONAL SUMMARY 
Among the 44 chiropteran species presently recorded from Sina- 
loa, there is one representative each of the fanilHes Emballonuridae 
and Noctilionidae, four chiHonycterids, 19 phyllostomatids, a single 
natalid, 11 species of Vespertilionidae and seven of Molossidae. The 
majority of species are closely associated with the Neotropics — 
tropical or subtropical in their affinities — and distributed at low or 
middle altitudes in Sinaloa. 
The emballonurid, noctilionid, and four chilonycterids all are 
Neotropical taxa, but only one (Noctilio leporinus) reaches its 
northernmost distribution in Sinaloa; all of the others occur north- 
ward in western Mexico at least as far as adjacent southern Sonora. 
The 19 species of Phyllostomatidae, all with Neotropical affini- 
ties, are about evenly divided between those that reach northern 
distributional limits in Sinaloa (11 species) and those that occur 
also to the north of the state. Species that are found no farther 
north than Sinaloa include the glossophagines Glossophaga com- 
missarisi, Anoura geoffroyi, Choeroniscus godmoni, and Leptonyc- 
teris nivalis (occurs northward to Texas east of the Sierra Madre 
Occidental), and the stenodermine taxa Sturnira hidovici, Artiheus 
aztecus, A. lituratus, A. phaeotis, A. tokeciis, Chiroderma salvini 
(recorded also from southwestern Chihuahua), and Ccnfiirio senex. 
The one species of Natalidae, Natahis strumineus, is widespread in 
the Neotropics, reaching distributional limits in western Mexico 
in Baja California and Sonora. 
The 11 kinds of vespertilionids present an interesting array of 
zoogeographic affinities. Four (Myotis californicus, M. velifer, M. 
yumanensis, and PipistreUus hesperus) are temperate species, four 
more (Myotis fortidens, Lasiiinis ega, L. intermedins, and Rho- 
geessa parvida) are Neotropical taxa, whereas the remaining three 
(Eptesicus fiiscus, Lasiurus boreolis, and L. cinereus) are best cate- 
gorized as "widespread" species, all occurring in temperate and 
tropical regions and in both North and South America. The four 
species of Lasiurus are especially interesting in that the widespread 
horealis and cinereus may occur in Sinaloa only as migrants, win- 
tering to the south and probably occurring far to the north in 
summer, whereas ega and intermedins probably migrate only lo- 
cally and are year-round residents in western Mexico. Lasiurus 
intermedins is the only vespertilionid thought to reach distributional 
limits in Sinaloa. 
New World molossid bats all are basically Neotropical elements, 
but several, most notably Tadarida hrasiliensis and T. macrotis. 
26 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
occur far northward into temperate regions as warm-season mi- 
grants. In contrast, the three species of MoJossus known from the 
state (ater, molossus, and sinaJoae) are relatively sedentary and 
reach their northernmost known distribution in Sinaloa. 
In summaiy, the known chiropteran fauna of Sinaloa is com- 
posed of a preponderance of species (37) with Neotropical affini- 
ties. The remaining seven taxa recorded from the state, all vesper- 
tilionids, include four that are temperate in association and three 
that are widely distributed and not readily assignable to any major 
faunal unit. However, of the latter, Eptesicus fiiscus has a wide 
distribution in temperate North America, barely reaches South 
America, and, where it occurs in Central America, generally is 
found at relatively high altitudes, whereas Losiurtis cinereus, a 
species with a disjunct South American distributional segment, in- 
habits temperate environs in North America in the warm season and 
migrates southward to highlands in Mexico and northern Middle 
America in winter. 
Relatively little geographic variation has been detected in bats 
in Sinaloa. Only three species — Balantiopferyx plicata, Mocrotis 
loaterhotisii, and Mijotis fortidens — are represented in the state by 
two subspecies; in each case the races are separated on a north- 
south basis. 
RESUMEN 
Previamente se ha publicado poco con respecto a la fauna 
mastozoologica de Sinaloa, Mexico. En esta publicacion se resumen 
los datos sistematicos y ecologicos de los Chiroptera conocidos 
de este estado. Cuarenta y cuatro especies estan representadas por 
cinco f amilias : Emballonuridae ( 1 especie ) , Noctilionidae ( 1 ) , 
Chilonycteridae ( 4 ) , Phyllostomatidae ( 19 ) , Natalidae ( 1 ) , Ves- 
pertilionidae (11), y Molossidac (7). 
De esas 44 especies, 37 tienen afinidades Neotropicales, y 16 
de estas alcanzan en Sinaloa, su extrema distribucion nordica en 
el occidente de Mexico. Las siete especies restantes, todas vesper- 
tilionidos, se dividen en dos grupos: cuatro con afinidades tem- 
peradas, y tres {Eptesicus fusctis, Losiurus horeaUs, L. cinereus), 
con una distribucion muy amplia en las Americas. 
Entre los murcielagos que se encuentran en Sinaloa, se observe 
muy poca variacion geografica. Solo tres especies tienen mas de 
una subespecie con una distribucion de norte a sur. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 27 
LITERATURE CITED 
Allen, J. A. 
1906. Mammals from the states of Sinaloa and Jalisco, Mexico, collected 
by J. H. Batty during 1904 and 1905. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 
22:191-262. 
Andersen, K. 
1908. A monograph of the chiropteran genera Urodemia, Enchisthenes, 
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Anderson, S., and C. E. Nelson 
1965. A systematic revision of Macrotus ( Chiroptera ) . Amer. Mus. 
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Baker, R. H., and J. K. Greer 
1962. Mammals of tlie Mexican state of Durango. Publ. Mus., Michigan 
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Baker, R. J. 
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Baker, R. J., and L. Christianson 
1966. Notes on bats from Sonora, Mexico. Ibid., 11:310-311. 
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1966. Geographic and ecological range of the long-nosed bats, Lepto- 
ntjcteris. Jour. Mamm., 47:329-331. 
Baker, R. J., and J. L. Patton 
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Birney, E. C., and J. K. Jones, Jr. 
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Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ. Kansas, 51:303-336. 
Cockrum, E. L., and G. V. R. Bradshaw 
1963. Notes on mammals from Sonora, Mexico. Amer. Mus. Novit., 2138: 
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1949. A new subspecies of funnel-eared bat (Natcdus mexicanus) from 
eastern Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 62:153-154. 
Davis, R. M., and R. B. Loomis 
1971. The intranasal chigger Microtrombicida merrihewi (Acarina: 
Trombiculidae) in the North American free-tailed bat, Tadarida 
brasiliensis. Southwestern Nat., 15:437-458. 
Davis, W. B. 
1969. A review of the small fmit bats (genus Artibeus) of Middle 
America. Ibid., 14:15-29. 
1970. A reviev/ of the small fruit bats (genus Artibeus) of Middle 
America. Part II. Ibid., 14:389-402. 
Davis, W. B., and D. C. Carter 
1962a. Notes on Central American bats with description of a new sub- 
species of Mormoops. Ibid., 7:64-74. 
1962b. Review of the genus Leptonijcteris (Mammalia: Chiroptera). 
Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 75:193-198. 
28 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
DUNNIGAN, P. B. 
1967. Pocket gophers of the genus Thomomys of the Mexican state of 
Sinaloa. Radford Rev., 21:139-168. 
FiNDLEY, J. S., and G. L. Traut 
1970. Geographic variation in PipistreUits hesperus. Jour. Mamm., 51: 
741-765. 
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1966. A new subspecies of the Aztec mastiff bat, Molossus aztecus Saus- 
sure, from southern Mexico. Contrib. Sci., Los Angeles Co. Mus., 
111:1-5. 
Goodwin, G. G. 
1958. Bats of the genus Bhogeessa. Anier. Mus. Novit., 1923:1-17. 
1959. Bats of the subgenus Natahis. Ibid., 1977:1-22. 
Handley, G. O., Jr. 
1960. Descriptions of new bats from Panama. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus., 
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1966. Descriptions of new bats (Chirodcrma and Aiiibeus) from Mexico. 
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Hardy, L. M., and R. W. McDiar.mid 
1969. The amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico. Univ. Kansas 
Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 18:39-252. 
HOFFMEISTER, D. F. 
1957. Review of the long-nosed bats of the genus Leptomjcteris. Jour. 
Mamm., 38:454-461. 
Hooper, E. T. 
1955. Notes on mammals of western Mexico. Occas. Papers Mus. Zool., 
Univ. Michigan, 565:1-26. 
Ingles, L. G. 
1959. Notas acerca de los mamiferos Mexicanos. An. Inst. Biol., 29: 
379-408. 
Irwin, D. W., and R. J. Baker 
1967. Additional records of bats from Arizona and Sinaloa. Southwestern 
Nat., 12:195. 
Jones, J. K., Jr. 
1964. Bats from western and southern Mexico. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 
67:509-516. 
Jones, J. K., Jr., T. Alvarez, and M. R. Lee 
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Jones, J. K., Jr., and H. H. Genoways 
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Jones, J. K., Jr., H. H. Genoways, and L. C. Watkins 
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species. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 73:409-418. 
Jones, J. K., Jr., and G. L. Phillips 
1964. A new subspecies of the fruit-eating bat, Sturnira ludoxici, from 
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1961. A collection of bats from Sinaloa, with remarks on the limits of 
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42:536-538. 
SINALOAN MAMMALS. II. CHIROPTERA 29 
LooMis, R. B., and J. K. Jones, Jr. 
1964. The northern yellow bat in Sinaloa, Mexico. Bull. Southern Cali- 
fornia Acad, Sci., 63:32. 
LooMis, R. B., and J. P. Webb, Jr. 
1969. A new species of Spclcocohi (Acarina: Trombiculidae), off a bat, 
Pizomjx vivesi, from Baja California, Mexico. Ibid., 68:36-42. 
Phillips, C. J., J. K. Jones, Jr., and F. J. Radovsky 
1969. Macronyssid mites in oral mucosa of long-nosed bats: occurrence 
and associated pathology. Science, 165:1368-1369. 
Sanborn, C. C. 
1937. American bats of the subfamily Emballonurinae. Zool. Ser., Field 
Mus. Nat. Hist., 20:321-354. 
ScHALDACH, W. J., and C. A. McLaughlin 
1960. A new genus and species of glossophagine bat from Colima, Mex- 
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Shamel, H. H. 
1931. Notes on the American bats of the genus Tadarida. Proc. U.S. 
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ViLLA-R., B. 
1953. Distribucion en Mexico de los murcielagos vampiros familia Des- 
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1959. Pteronotus daviji fukiis. El murcielago de espaldas desnudas en 
el norte de Sonora, Mexico. An. Inst. Biol., 29:375-378. 
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ViLLA-R., B., and E. L. Cockrum 
1962. Migration in the guano bat Tadarida brasiliensis mcxicana (Saus- 
sure). Jour. Mamm., 43:43-64.