Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 175-238 THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SCIENCE BULLETIN UNIVERSITY March 30, 1994 Species-Groups and Cladistic Analysis of the Cleptoparastic Bee Genus Noniada (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)' B^TioN A. Alexander^ TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract 175 Introduction 177 Materials and Methods 177 Previous Taxonomic Treatments oi Nomada 178 The Monophyly oi Nomada 178 Cladistic Analysis 179 Analysis 1. Hypothetical Ancestor as an Ontgroup 182 Analysis 2. Ten Noniadinc Taxa as an Outgroup 190 The Question of Siibgeneric Classification of Nomada 193 Characters Employed in Descriptions of Species Groups.... 195 Descriptions of Species Groups 207 Genus Nomada Scopoli p. 207, gigas group p. 207, inlegra group p. 212, adducta group p. 214, vincta group p. 215, odontophora group p. 216, vegana group p. 217, roherjeotiana group p. 218, erigeronis group p. 220. rodecki p. 221, nifitornh group p. 222. armala group p. 224, belfragei group p. 225. supnha group p. 225, basalis group p. 22(i. hifasciata group p. 228, trispinosa group p. 229. finva group p. 230 Discussion 231 Acknowledgments 233 Literature Cited 234 Appendix: Outgroup Taxa Examined 236 ABSTRACT The nearly cosmopolitan genus Nomada Scopoli is examined on a worldwide basis. A monophyletic Nomada that cor-responds closely to the genus as it has been understood by most authors can be defined on the basis of apomorphic char-acters of the terminal metasomal segments of females and certain aspects of the male genitalia and associated sterna. Clear and unequivocal monophvletic groupings within Nomada are difficult tcj identify, and cladistic analyses do not di,s-cover a single most parsimonious cladogram for the groupings that are identified. A formal cladistic classification rec-ognizing subgenera is considered premature, in view of the difficult)' of defining monophyletic groups and resolving phylogenefic relationships among them. Nevertheless, an informal classification into species groups is proposed. De-scriptions and chagnoses of the groups are presented, and information on geographic distribiUion and host relation-ships is brielh' summarized in the species group descriptions. CoNrRJBi: [ION NLiMBER 3128 FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS. LWRENCE. Department of Ent(jmolog\' and Snow Entomoloc;kj\l Mliseum, Snow Hall, Unrtrsity of K/sas, L;\wren<;e, Kan.sas 66045-21 19, USA.
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