1880.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 18T CAKCINOLOGICAL NOTES, No. IV.— SYNOPSIS OF THE GRAPSID.ffi:. BY J. S. KINQSLEY. The following paper is a continuation of my studies of the Catometopa contained in the Museum of the Academj-of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. In it I have endeavored to embrace every known species of the family with sufficient references to their geographical distribution. To aid in the identifications of species I have compiled anal3'tical tables for most of the genera, but descriptions are given of onl}-those species of which I, have examined specimens. I have reduced considerably the number of nominal species, but believe that I am fully wan-anted in rele-gating to synon3'my mau}^ so-called species founded on size, color, geographical distribution, or variations of minor importance. All localities from which I have examined specimens are marked with an exclamation point (!). The classification employed is mainly that of Dana, in the U. S. Exploring Expedition Crustacea (1852) ; those of Milne-Edwards (Annales des Sciences Naturelles, III Series, Zoologie, tome xx, pp. 163-200, 1853), and Kossmann (Zoologische Ergebnisse, Reise in die Kiistengebiete des rothen Meeres, 18YT), being comparatively'-worthless. Owing to the limited amount of space at my disposal, the synonymy and bibli-ography have been condensed as far as possible. Family GRAPSID.31 Dana. {Ora-psoidiem M. Edw.). Carapax subquadrate, depressed. Front generally broad. Eyes short. Antennulge transversely plicate. Epistome short, some-times linear. Meros of the external maxillipeds bearing the palpus at the summit or at its external angle. Second joint of the abdo-men of the male nearly as wide as the adjacent portion of the sternum. The Orapsidee are all inhabitants of the temperate or tropical waters, and generally \i\Q near the shores. A few, however (e.g. Nautilograpsus and Varuna)^ live on the high seas. The family-may conveniently be di^nded into two^ sub-families, by characters derived from the antennae. In the Grapsinse the antennae are ' The characters given by Dana for the Sesarraiuae I do not consider of sufficient importance to warrant its retention as a sub family, and would rather consider it as a group of the Grapsinse.
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