PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY jOF SGIBNjQES Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 1-16, 10 figs. lui-'J 198<? June 15, 1982 THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN FRESHWATER PUFFERFISH GENUS CHONERHINOS (TETRAODONTIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES By Tyson R. Roberts California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118 Abstract: The tetraodontid pufferfish genus Chonerhinos, restricted to fresh water in Southeast Asia, comprises five species, four of which are described as new. The species differ in adult size, coloration, orientation of squamation, depth of caudal peduncle, size of nasal organ, food habits, and geographical distribution. The most widely distributed, C. nefastus n.sp., occurs in southern, western, and northern Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, Thailand, Vietnam, Kampuchea, and Laos; it feeds mainly on fish fin rays and scales, and has a slender caudal peduncle and the smallest nasal organ. Chonerhinos modestus (Bleeker, 1850), in western Borneo and Sumatra, with perhaps the most varied diet, is the largest species and has the deepest caudal peduncle. The distinctively colored C. amabilis n.sp., with the largest nasal organ, occurs in western Borneo and Sumatra and feeds almost exclusively on large aquatic insects. The two new species C. silus, with a moderately deep caudal peduncle, and C. remotus, with a slender caudal peduncle, have varied diets including insects, and are known only from northern and northeastern Borneo. Introduction The freshwater pufferfish genus Chonerhinos currently includes a single species, C modestus (Bleeker. 1850), reported from localities throughout much of Southeast Asia. The nomi-nal species C. africaniis Boulenger. 1909, known only from the holotype supposedly col-lected in the interior of the Congo basin, has been identified as a junior synonym of C. nw-destus with incorrect locality data (Roberts 1981; herein). The species formerly known as C. naritus (Richardson, 1848), from marine, brack-ish, and perhaps freshwater habitats along the coasts of the South China Sea and eastern Indian Ocean, has been placed in a monotypic genus, Xenoptems (Fraser-Bruner 1943; Tyler 1980; herein). I undertook this revision because three species of Chonerhinos were obtained during my ichthyological survey of the Kapuas basin in western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia) in 1976. Material Examined and Methods More than 250 specimens of Chonerhinos from throughout the range of the genus were examined during this study. These are deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), Lon-don, BMNH; California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco (CAS), including material for-merly deposited at Stanford University, Stan-ford (SU); Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (FMNH); Museum Geneve, Geneva (MG); Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris (MNHN); Museum Zoologicum Bogo-rense, Bogor, Indonesia (MZB); Musee Royal de TAfrique Centrale. Tervuren (MRAC); Nat-ural History Museum, Basel (NHMB); Rijks-[1]
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