Empetrum nigrum L., forma purpureum (Raf.), n. comb. E. purpureum Raf. New Fl. pt. iii. 50 (1836) as to description. E. rubrum Durand, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila. (1863) 95, not Vahl. E. nigrum, var. purpureum (Raf.) DC. Prodr. xvi. pt. 1: 26 (1869); Simmons, Vasc. Pl. Ellesmerel. 43 (1906); Fernald & Wiegand, Rhodora, xv. 212 (1913)