A REVIEW OF THE COTTTD.E OR SCULPINS FOUND IN THE WATERS OF JAPAN. By David Starr Jordan and Edwin Chapin Starks, Of tlie Lelund tStanford Junior University. In the present paper is ^iven a review of the genera and species of fishes of the family of Cottida?, known in English as Sculpins, in Japanese as Kajika or Bero, found in the waters of Japan. The paper is based on the collections made in 1900 by Professors Jordan and Snyder and those made in the same year by the U. S. Fish Cora-mission steamer Alhatross. Series of the species mentioned are depos-ited in the United States National Museum and in the collections of Leland Stanford fFunior University. The accompanying illustrations are the work of Mrs. Chloe Lesley Starks. Capt. Charles Bradley Hudson, Mr. Kako Morita, Mr. Sekko Shimada, and Mr. Robert Logan Hudson. Family COTTlDiE. THE SCULPINS. Body moderately elongate, fusiform or compressed, tapering liack-ward from the head, which is usuall}' })road and depressed. Eyes placed high, the interocular space usuall}^ narrow; a bony staj' con-necting the suborbital with the preopercle, usually covered by the skin; upper angle of preopercle usually with 1 or more spinous pro-cesses, the head sometimes wholly unarmed. Teeth equal, in villi-form or cardiform bands on jaws, and often on vomer and palatines; premaxillaries protractile; maxillaiy without supplemental bone. Gills 3i or 4, slit behind the last small, often obsolete; gill rakers short, tubercle-like or obsolete; gill membranes broadly connected, often jointed to the istlnnus. Body naked, or variously ai'med with scales, prickles, or ])ony plates, but never uniformly scaled; lateral line present, simple, sometimes chain -like. Dorsal tins separate or somewhat connected, the spines, (5 to 18 in numl)er, usually slender, sometimes concealed in the skin, the soft part elongate; caudal fin separate, usually rounded, rarely forked; anal fin similar to the soft dorsal, without spines; pectoral fins large, with broad procurrent bases, the rays mostly simple, the upper sometimes branched; ventrals thoracic, rarely entirely wanting, the rays usually I, 3 to I, 5, their Proceedings U. S. National Museum. Vol. XXVII— No. 1358. 231
BioStor
