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The Hemiuroidea : terminology, systematics and evolution David Ian Gibson and Rodney Alan Bray Zoology Department, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Contents Synopsis 35 I. Introduction ............ 36 II. Definitions of hemiuroid structures with comments on their systematic value and possible function .......... 39 III. A classification of the Hemiuroidea with keys and definitions. ... 54 Introduction ............ 54 Hemiuroidea ............ 55 Accacoeliidae ........... 57 Azygiidae ............ 60 Bathycotylidae 62 Bunocotylidae 62 Derogenidae ............ 71 Dictysarcidae ........... 81 Hemiuridae ............ 84 Hirudinellidae ........... 98 Isoparorchiidae . . . . . . . . . . .100 Lecithasteridae . . . . . . . . . . .101 Ptychogonimidae . . . . . . . . . . .110 Sclerodistomidae . . . . . . . . . . .111 Sclerodistomoididae 114 Syncoeliidae 114 Generic index to part III. . . . . . . . . .116 IV. A discussion on the evolution of the Hemiuroidea. . . . . .118 Evolutionary trends in the Hemiuroidea . . . . . . .130 A suggested evolutionary scheme within the Hemiuroidea .... Some comments on the relationship of the Didymozooidea and the Paramphis-tomoidea to the Hemiuroidea 133 Acknowledgements 135 References . . . .135 Synopsis The history of the classification of the Hemiuroidea and the features which have been used as criteria for distinguishing the higher taxa, such as adult morphology, life-cycle patterns and cercarial anatomy, are discussed. It is suggested that the best basic criterion currently available is the functional morphology of the adult. Explanations of the terminology with comments on the systematic significance and possible function of the features used in the study of hemiuroid taxonomy are included. A classification of the Hemiuroidea is presented with keys and definitions of the taxa to the generic level. The classification and definitions are based, where possible, on original observations of sectioned material. The Hemiuroidea is divided into fourteen families. The Accacoeliidae contains the Accacoeliinae and Paraccacladiinae, the latter subfamily consisting of only one genus. The Azygiidae consists of two subfamilies, the Azygiinae and Leuceruthrinae. The Bathycotylidae, Isoparorchiidae and Ptychogonimidae contain single genera, while the Hirudinellidae contains three monotypic genera. The Bunocotylidae is Bull. Br. Mus. not. Hist. (Zool.) 36 (2) : 35-146 Issued 26 July, 1979

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The Hemiuroidea: terminology, systematics and evolution

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