Vol. 96(2) April 21, 1982 THE NAUTILUS 45 Gate, Crawford Neil. 1969. Two new species of the genus Volva Roding, 1798 (Ovulidae Fleming, 1828). The Veliger ll(4):364-366; pi. 56. (1 April 1969) 1973. A systematic revision of the recent Cypraeid family Ovulidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 15(Supplement):l-116; 51 pis. (31 January 1973) 1974a. The Ovulidae: a key to the genera, and other pertinent notes (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 16(3):307-313. (1 January 1974) 1974b. Five new species of Ovulidae from the western Pacific (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 16(4):381-384; 1 pi. (1 April 1974) 1975. New Cypraeacean species (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 17(3):255-261; 2 pis.; 1 text fig. (1 January 1975) 1976a. Three new Cypraeacean species (Mollus- ca: Gastropoda). The Veliger 18(4):383-384; 1 pi. (1 April 1976) 1976b. Five new species on Ovulidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Th£ Veliger 19(2):159-162; 1 pi. (1 October 1976) 1978. Recently discovered new species of Ovuli- dae, chiefly from off Wakayama Prefecture, Japan (Mol- lusca: Gastropoda). Japanese Journal of Malacology. Venm 37(4):191-204; 2 pis. (November 1978) Emerson, William K. 1978. Mollusks with Indo-Pacific faunal affinities in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The Nautilus 92(2):91-96. (27 April 1978) Emerson. William K. and William E. Old, Jr. 1965. New molluscan records for the Galapagos Islands. The Nautilus 78(4):116-120. (April 1965) Iredale, Tom. 1930. Queensland molluscan notes. No. 2. Memoirs Queensland Museum 10(l):73-88; 1 pi. (28 August 1930) Kay. E. Alison. 1979. Hawaiian marine shells. Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii. Section 4: Mollusca. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 64(4):xviii -i- 652 pp.; 195 text figs. (December 1979) Kuroda, Tokubei. 1928. New Japanese Mollusca. Venus 1(1):10-15; 1 pi. Pennant, Thomas. 1777. British Zoology. Vol. IV. Crusta- cea, Mollusca, Testacea. Benjamin WTiite, London viii -i- 10 + 154 pp.; 93 pis. Petuch. Edward J. 1979. New gastropods from the AbroUos Archipelago and reef complex, Brazil. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 92(3):510-526; 4 text figs. (18 October 1979) Schilder, M. and F. A. Schilder. 1971. A catalogue of living and fossil cowries. Taxonomy and bibliography of Trivia- cea and Cypraeacea (Gastropoda Prosobranchia). Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique Mewaries, Deuxieme Ser. 85:246 pp. (31 July 1971) Schumacher, C. F. 1817. Essai d'un nouveau systeme des habitations des vers testaces. Copenhagen, pp. 1-287; 22 pis. (Contribution number 2 from the Escuela de Ciencias Marinas, U.A.B.C, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico.) A NEW FAVORINUS (NUDIBRANCHIA: AEOLIDOIDEA) FROM THE CANARY ISLANDS Jesus Ortea Department of Zoology, Oviedo University, Spain ABSTRACT Favorinus vitreus, a new nudibranch is described from the Canary Islands with a discussion of other Atlantic species. In July 1980, among material collected from Tenerife, during a trip supported by the Junta de Canarias and La Laguna University, we found 40 species of Ascoglossa and Nudibran- chia; of the latter, I collected two specimens of a small Favorinm with two white swellings in the rhinophores which is here described as a new species. Favorinus vitreus n. sp. (Figs. 1-3) Type locality: Los Cristianos beach (26°00'N; 16°30'W), Tenerife, Canary Islands, 23 July 1980, two specimens found on the brown algae (Sargasum sp. and Cystoseira sp.) with small polyzoans and spaws of an undetermined Poly- ceridae. 46 THE NAUTILUS April 21, 1982 Vol. 96(2) I I white pigment FIG. 1. Favorinus vitreus n. sp.: A, dorsal view of li ping animal; B, rhinophores. Holotype: I deposited in the Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. Description: The two living animals are 3 mm in length; oral tentacles, elongate, 1 mm; rhino- phores 0.5 mm; foot 0.3 mm; and cerata up to 0.7 mm. Animals translucent white (glassy) with the head, rhinophores, oral tentacles and cerata white opaque. Body translucent, with an opaque white marking in both specimens. This broad band is discontinuous in one specimen (fig. 1,A) and continuous in the other. Rhinophores have two small and inconspicuous white bulbs (fig. FIG. 2. Favorinus vitreus n. sp. Left: radular tooth: right: jaw. 1,B). Cerata arranged in arches in the first and second group; the third and fourth groups ar- ranged in rows. The fifth group is a solitary ceras. The second arch is nearly a row. The number of cerata per a arch or row in the 3-mm- long holotype are as follows: left side: 6, 5, 3, 2, 1; right side: 6, 4, 3, 2, 1. We have not observed any cnidosacs in the cerata. Liver branches in the cerata not visible in the living animal, as the white surface of the cerata is opaque. Liver ducts in body com- pletely transparent. Foot transparent, with two translucent anterior corners. Cardiac area not prominent. The animal did not autotomize its cerata when it was poked with tweezers, nor when narco- tized with magnesium chloride. There is a dorsal indentation to the jaw (fig. 2) the masticatory border is not complete but has several irregular rows of pointed teeth (fig. 2,E). The radula has 17 teeth, 30-35 fjm in height. Each tooth has a strong central cusp with four or five acutely pointed denticles on each side (fig. 2). The penis is unarmed. Derivation of name: This species is called F. vitreiis, because of the transparency of its body (vitreo = glassy). Discussion: The Atlantic species of Favorinus can be artificially divided into two groups ac- cording to the color of the rhinophores: a) animals with brown rhinophores. F. branchialis (Miiller) from Northern Europe Vol. 96(2) April 21. 1982 THE NAUTILUS 47 1 mm FIG. 3. Atlantic species of Favorinus. E, F. branchialis. animal from Asturias (northern of Spain): F, F. blianus, animal from Galicia (northern Spain); G, F. auritulus, drawing adapted from Marcus (19801: H, F. ghanensis, dramng adapted from Edmunds (1968). and the Mediterranean (Thompson & Brown, 1976), Morroco (Pruvot-Fol, 1953) and Cape Verde Islands (Eliot, 1906 as F. cameus), found also in the Canary Islands (personal observa- tion); F. ghanensis Edmunds, from Ghana (Ed- munds, 1968; 1974); and F. auritulus Marcus, from the tropica! west Atlantic (Edmunds, 1964; Marcus, 1955; Marcus & Marcus, 1963, 1970; Marcus & Hughes, 1974 and Edmunds & Mar- cus, 1977) possess brown rhinophores. b) animals with white rhinophores. F. blianus Lemche & Thompson (fig. 3,F), from Northern Europe (British Isles and Scan- dinavia) (Lemche & Thompson, 1974; Hunnam & Brown, 1975), found also in the northern Spain (Ortea & Urgorri, 1981); andF. vitreus n. sp. from Tenerife possess white rhinophores. A Favorinus sp. which possibly belongs to this sec- ond group, has been reported by Eliot (1906, p. 159) from the Cape Verde Islands. F. blianus differs from F. vitreus by having voluminous bulbs on the rhinophores and by the distribution of the white opaque pigment in its body, with discontinuous patches on the cerata and anterior corners of the foot. It also reaches a larger size, and its radular teeth lack denticles on the sides of the large central cusp. Among the species with brown rhinophores, F. ghanensis seems to be a clearly defined species due to its penial stylet and because it feeds upon bryozoans, an exceptional diet for an eolid nudibranch (Edmunds, 1974). However, F. branchialis also feeds upon Bryozoa when the edible spawn of opisthobranchs is scarce, as we have been able to observe in Asturias, northern Spain, where it is frequently collected during the winter on Bugula fastigiata and B. fulva. When F. branchialis eats Bugula, the color of the liver in its cerata is violet-brown, as in those of F. ghanensis. Three rhinophoral bulbs may also be rarely present in F. branchialis, so that, the differences between these species is limited to the existence of the penial stylet in F. ghanen- sis and small details of coloration (few white dots on the body of F. ghanensis, a dorsal band in F. branchialis). The difference between F. branchialis and F. auritulus is mainly in the 3 bulbs usually present in F. auritulus. The spawn, which may help to separate species, is only known from F. bran- chialis, and it consists in a regular and con- 48 THE NAUTILUS April 21, 1982 Vol. 96(2) centric spiral cord (Loven, 1841; Alder & Han- cock, 1845-55; Meyer & Mobius, 1865 and Vayssiere, 1888) with eggs of 65-70 ^^m in dia- meter in northern Spain (personal observation), while Haefelfinger (1962) observed eggs of 45-60 yim from a spawn from Villefranche-sur- Mer, Vayssiere (1888) noted eggs of 50 ^^m from the Mediterranean and Rasmussen (1951) of 70 Jim from Copenhagen (Denmark). RESUMEN Descripcion de una nueva especie, Favorinus vitreus. recolectada en Tenerife, islas Canarias, caracterizada por tener rinoforos blancos y con dos bulbos, tentaculos orales largos (1/3 del cuerpo) y ceratas, pigmentados uniformemente de bianco en la superficie. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank Dr. Terrence Gosliner and the editor, R. Tucker Abbott, for assistance with the manuscript. LITERATURE CITED Alder, J. and Hancock, A. 1845-1855. A monograph of the British Nudibranchiate Mollusca. London, Ray Society. Edmunds, M. 1964. Eolid Mollusca from Jamaica, with description of two new genera and three new species. Bull. Mar. Set. Gulf. Caribbean 14:1-32. 1968. Opisthobranchiate Mollusca from Ghana. Proc. Malac. Sor. London 38:8.3-100. 1974. An eolid nudibranch feeding on Bryozoa. Veliger 17:269-270. Edmunds, M. and Marcus, E. 1977. On Favorinus auritulus Marcus and Favorinus hranchialis (Miiller). ./. moll. Stud. 43:200-201. Eliot, C. N. E. 1906. Report upon a collection of Nudibran- chiata from the Cape Verde Islands, with notes by C. Crossland. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 7:131-159. Haefelfinger, H. K. 1962. Quelques faits concernant la nutri- tion chez Favorinua branchialis (Rathke, 1806) et Stiliger vesicidosu.s (Deshayes, 1864). deux mollusques opistho- branches. i?«'. Suisse Zool. 69(2):31 1-316. Hunnam, P and Brown, G. 1975. Sublittoral nudibranch Mol- lusca (sea slugs) in Pembrokeshire waterns. Field Studies 4:131-159. Lemche, H. and Thompson, T. E. 1974. Three opisthobranch gastropods new to the British fauna. Proc. Malac. Soc. Lowrfon 41:185-193. Loven, S. L. 1841 Bidrag till Kannedomen of Molluskernas utveckling. K. Vet. Acad. Himdl. Stockholm for ar 1839: 227-241. Marcus, E. 1955. Opisthobranchia from Brazil. Bol. Fac. Fit Cien. Let., Univ. S. Paulo. Brazil, Zoologia. 20:89-261. Marcus, E. and Marcus, E. 1963. Opisthobranchs from the Lesser Antilles. Studies on the Fauna of Curasao and other Caribbean islands. Stud. Fauna Curasao 19(79):l-76. 1970. Opisthobranchs from Cura(;ao and faunis- tically related regions. Studies on the Fauna of Curasao and other Caribbean islands. Stud. Fauna Curagcui 33:1-129. Marcus, E. and Hughes, H. P. I. 1974. Opisthobranch Mol- lusks from Barbados. Bull. Mar. Sci. 24:498-532. Meyer, H. A. and Mobius, K. 1865. Fauna der Kieler Bucht. Die Hinterkeimer oder Opisthobranchier. Leipzig. Engel- mann l:l-xxx:l-88. Ortea, J. and Urgorri, V. (1981). Opistobranquios nuevos para el literal Iberico colectados en Galicia. Boletin Insti- tuto Espanol de Oceanografia 6(288):49-60. Pruvot-Fol, A. 1953. Etude de quelques opisthobranches de la Cote Atlantique du Maroc et du Senegal. Trav. Ins. Sci.. Cherifien Zool. 5:1-105. Rasmussen, E. 1951. Faunistic and biological notes on marine invertebrates. 2. The eggs and larvae of some Danish marine gastropods. Vidensk. Meddel. Naturh, Foren. 113:201-249. Thompson, T. E. and Brown, G. H. 1976. British Opistho- branch Molluscs. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) 8:1-201. Vayssiere, A. 1888. Recherches zoologiques et anatomiques sur les mollusques Opisthobranches du Golfe de Marseille. Pt. 2, Nudibranches et Ascoglosses. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Marseille 3(.4yA-ieO. PHILLIP W. CLOVER COLLECTOR & DEALER IN WORLD WIDE SPECIMEN SEA SHELLS p. o. Box 83 GUn Ellen, CA 95442 FREE SHELL AND BOOK LISTS SPECIALISTS IN RARE CYPRAEA, CONUS, VOLUTA MARGINELLA, MITRA, MUREX Specimen Shells Offering microscopic and miniature (to '/t inch) shells from the Florida Keys, urith accurate locality data. Also unsorted grunge; write for list. Margaret Teskey P.O. Box 273 Big Pine Key. Ft. 330J,3