| Uebersicht der Aale J J Kaup (1856) Archiv für Naturgeschichte. Berlin 22: 41-77 | |
| Uebersicht der Aale J J Kaup (1856) Archiv für Naturgeschichte 22: 41-77 | |
| Illustrations of some Australian Fishes G P Whitley (1940) Australian Zoologist 9: 397-428 | |
| The osteology, classification, and relationships of the eel family Ophichthidae John F Mccosker (1977) Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 41(1): 1-123 |